Let G be a simple graph. A total coloring f of G is called E-total-coloring if no two adjacent vertices of G receive the same color and no edge of G receives the same color as one of its endpoints. For E-total-colorin...Let G be a simple graph. A total coloring f of G is called E-total-coloring if no two adjacent vertices of G receive the same color and no edge of G receives the same color as one of its endpoints. For E-total-coloring f of a graph G and any vertex u of G, let Cf （u） or C（u） denote the set of colors of vertex u and the edges incident to u. We call C（u） the color set of u. If C（u） ≠ C（v） for any two different vertices u and v of V（G）, then we say that f is a vertex-distinguishing E-total-coloring of G, or a VDET coloring of G for short. The minimum number of colors required for a VDET colorings of G is denoted by X^evt（G）, and it is called the VDET chromatic number of G. In this article, we will discuss vertex-distinguishing E-total colorings of the graphs mC3 and mC4.展开更多
Let G be a simple graph. A total coloring f of G is called an E-total coloring if no two adjacent vertices of G receive the same color, and no edge of G receives the same color as one of its endpoints....Let G be a simple graph. A total coloring f of G is called an E-total coloring if no two adjacent vertices of G receive the same color, and no edge of G receives the same color as one of its endpoints. For an E-total coloring f of a graph G and any vertex x of G, let C（x） denote the set of colors of vertex x and of the edges incident with x, we call C（x） the color set of x. If C（u） ≠ C（v） for any two different vertices u and v of V （G）, then we say that f is a vertex-distinguishing E-total coloring of G or a VDET coloring of G for short. The minimum number of colors required for a VDET coloring of G is denoted by Хvt^e（G） and is called the VDE T chromatic number of G. The VDET coloring of complete bipartite graph K7,n （7 ≤ n ≤ 95） is discussed in this paper and the VDET chromatic number of K7,n （7 ≤ n ≤ 95） has been obtained.展开更多
Let G be a simple graph. An IE-total coloring f of G refers to a coloring of the vertices and edges of G so that no two adjacent vertices receive the same color. Let C（u） be the set of colors of vertex u and edges i...Let G be a simple graph. An IE-total coloring f of G refers to a coloring of the vertices and edges of G so that no two adjacent vertices receive the same color. Let C（u） be the set of colors of vertex u and edges incident to u under f. For an IE-total coloring f of G using k colors, if C（u）=C（v） for any two different vertices u and v of V （G）, then f is called a k-vertex-distinguishing IE-total-coloring of G, or a k-VDIET coloring of G for short. The minimum number of colors required for a VDIET coloring of G is denoted by χievt（G）, and is called the VDIET chromatic number of G. We get the VDIET chromatic numbers of cycles and wheels, and propose related conjectures in this paper.展开更多
Let G（V, E） be a graph. A k-adjacent vertex-distinguishing equatable edge coloring of G, k-AVEEC for short, is a proper edge coloring f if （1） C（u）≠C（v） for uv ∈ E（G）, where C（u） = {f（uv）｜uv ∈ E}, a...Let G（V, E） be a graph. A k-adjacent vertex-distinguishing equatable edge coloring of G, k-AVEEC for short, is a proper edge coloring f if （1） C（u）≠C（v） for uv ∈ E（G）, where C（u） = {f（uv）｜uv ∈ E}, and （2） for any i, j = 1, 2,… k, we have ｜｜Ei｜ ｜Ej｜｜ ≤ 1, where Ei = {e｜e ∈ E（G） and f（e） = i}. χáve （G） = min{k｜ there exists a k-AVEEC of G} is called the adjacent vertex-distinguishing equitable edge chromatic number of G. In this paper, we obtain the χ áve （G） of some special graphs and present a conjecture.展开更多
Let G be a simple graph. An IE-total coloring f of G is a coloring of the vertices and edges of G so that no two adjacent vertices receive the same color. For each vertex x of G, let C(x) be the set of colors of verte...Let G be a simple graph. An IE-total coloring f of G is a coloring of the vertices and edges of G so that no two adjacent vertices receive the same color. For each vertex x of G, let C(x) be the set of colors of vertex x and edges incident to x under f. For an IE-total coloring f of G using k colors, if C(u) ≠ C(v) for any two different vertices u and v of G, then f is called a k-vertex-distinguishing IE-total-coloring of G or a k-VDIET coloring of G for short. The minimum number of colors required for a VDIET coloring of G is denoted by χ_(vt)^(ie) (G) and is called vertex-distinguishing IE-total chromatic number or the VDIET chromatic number of G for short. The VDIET colorings of complete bipartite graphs K_(8,n)are discussed in this paper. Particularly, the VDIET chromatic number of K_(8,n) are obtained.展开更多
Let f be a proper total k-coloring of a simple graph G. For any vertex x ∈ V（G）, let Cf（x） denote the set of colors assigned to vertex x and the edges incident with x. If Cf（u） ≠ Cf（v） for all distinct verti...Let f be a proper total k-coloring of a simple graph G. For any vertex x ∈ V（G）, let Cf（x） denote the set of colors assigned to vertex x and the edges incident with x. If Cf（u） ≠ Cf（v） for all distinct vertices u and v of V（G）, then f is called a vertex- distinguishing total k-coloring of G. The minimum number k for which there exists a vertex- distinguishing total k-coloring of G is called the vertex-distinguishing total chromatic number of G and denoted by Xvt（G）. The vertex-disjoint union of two cycles of length n is denoted by 2Cn. We will obtain Xvt（2Cn） in this paper.展开更多
A proper edge coloring of a graph G is called adjacent vertex-distinguishing acyclic edge coloring if there is no 2-colored cycle in G and the coloring set of edges incident with u is not equal to the coloring set of ...A proper edge coloring of a graph G is called adjacent vertex-distinguishing acyclic edge coloring if there is no 2-colored cycle in G and the coloring set of edges incident with u is not equal to the coloring set of edges incident with v, where uv∈ E（G）. The adjacent vertex distinguishing acyclic edge chromatic number of G, denoted by X＇Aa（G）, is the minimal number of colors in an adjacent vertex distinguishing acyclic edge coloring of G. If a graph G has an adjacent vertex distinguishing acyclic edge coloring, then G is called adjacent vertex distinguishing acyclic. In this paper, we obtain adjacent vertex-distinguishing acyclic edge coloring of some graphs and put forward some conjectures.展开更多
Let G be a simple graph of order at least 2.A VE-total-coloring using k colors of a graph G is a mapping f from V (G) E(G) into {1,2,···,k} such that no edge receives the same color as one of its endpoi...Let G be a simple graph of order at least 2.A VE-total-coloring using k colors of a graph G is a mapping f from V (G) E(G) into {1,2,···,k} such that no edge receives the same color as one of its endpoints.Let C(u)={f(u)} {f(uv) | uv ∈ E(G)} be the color-set of u.If C(u)=C(v) for any two vertices u and v of V (G),then f is called a k-vertex-distinguishing VE-total coloring of G or a k-VDVET coloring of G for short.The minimum number of colors required for a VDVET coloring of G is denoted by χ ve vt (G) and it is called the VDVET chromatic number of G.In this paper we get cycle C n,path P n and complete graph K n of their VDVET chromatic numbers and propose a related conjecture.展开更多
Let G(V, E) be a simple connected graph and k be positive integers. A mapping f from V∪E to {1, 2, ··· , k} is called an adjacent vertex-distinguishing E-total coloring of G(abbreviated to k-AVDETC), i...Let G(V, E) be a simple connected graph and k be positive integers. A mapping f from V∪E to {1, 2, ··· , k} is called an adjacent vertex-distinguishing E-total coloring of G(abbreviated to k-AVDETC), if for uv ∈ E(G), we have f(u) ≠ f(v), f(u) ≠ f(uv), f(v) ≠ f(uv), C(u) ≠C(v), where C(u) = {f(u)}∪{f(uv)|uv ∈ E(G)}. The least number of k colors required for which G admits a k-coloring is called the adjacent vertex-distinguishing E-total chromatic number of G is denoted by x^e_(at) (G). In this paper, the adjacent vertexdistinguishing E-total colorings of some join graphs C_m∨G_n are obtained, where G_n is one of a star S_n , a fan F_n , a wheel W_n and a complete graph K_n . As a consequence, the adjacent vertex-distinguishing E-total chromatic numbers of C_m∨G_n are confirmed.展开更多
Let G be a simple graph and f be a proper total coloring(or a total coloring in brief) of G. For any vertex u in G, Cf(u) denote the set of colors of vertex u and edges which incident with vertex u. Cf(u) is said to b...Let G be a simple graph and f be a proper total coloring(or a total coloring in brief) of G. For any vertex u in G, Cf(u) denote the set of colors of vertex u and edges which incident with vertex u. Cf(u) is said to be the color set of vertex u under f. If Cf(u) = Cf(v)for any two distinct vertices u and v of G, then f is called vertex-distinguishing total coloring of G(in brief VDTC), a vertex distinguishing total coloring using k colors is called k-vertexdistinguishing total coloring of G(in brief k-VDTC). The minimum number k for which there exists a k-vertex-distinguishing total coloring of G is called the vertex-distinguishing total chromatic number of G, denoted by χvt(G). By the method of prior distributing the color sets, we obtain vertex-distinguishing total chromatic number of m C9 in this paper.展开更多
Let G be a simple graph and f be a proper total kcoloring of G. The color set of each vertex v of G is the set of colors appearing on v and the edges incident to v. The coloring f is said to be an adjacent vertex-dist...Let G be a simple graph and f be a proper total kcoloring of G. The color set of each vertex v of G is the set of colors appearing on v and the edges incident to v. The coloring f is said to be an adjacent vertex-distinguishing total coloring if the color sets of any two adjacent vertices are distinct. The minimum k for which such a coloring of G exists is called the adjacent vertex-distinguishing total chromatic number of G. The join graph of two vertex-disjoint graphs is the graph union of these two graphs together with all the edges that connect the vertices of one graph with the vertices of the other. The adjacent vertex-distinguishing total chromatic numbers of the join graphs of an empty graph of order s and a complete graph of order t are determined.展开更多
In this paper, we present a new concept of the adjacent-vertex-distinguishing total coloring of graphs (briefly, AVDTC of graphs) and, meanwhile, have obtained the adjacent-vertex-distinguishing total chromatic number...In this paper, we present a new concept of the adjacent-vertex-distinguishing total coloring of graphs (briefly, AVDTC of graphs) and, meanwhile, have obtained the adjacent-vertex-distinguishing total chromatic number of some graphs such as cycle, complete graph, complete bipartite graph, fan, wheel and tree.展开更多
A new concept of the D(β)-vertex-distinguishing total coloring of graphs, i.e., the proper total coloring such that any two vertices whose distance is not larger than β have different color sets, where the color set...A new concept of the D(β)-vertex-distinguishing total coloring of graphs, i.e., the proper total coloring such that any two vertices whose distance is not larger than β have different color sets, where the color set of a vertex is the set composed of all colors of the vertex and the edges incident to it, is proposed in this paper. The D(2)-vertex-distinguishing total colorings of some special graphs are discussed, meanwhile, a conjecture and an open problem are presented.展开更多
Let G be a simple graph. Let f be a mapping from V（G） U E（G） to {1, 2,..., k}. Let Cf（v） = {f（v）} U {f（vw）｜w ∈ V（G）,vw ∈ E（G）} for every v ∈ V（G）. If f is a k-propertotal-coloring, and if Cf（u） ...Let G be a simple graph. Let f be a mapping from V（G） U E（G） to {1, 2,..., k}. Let Cf（v） = {f（v）} U {f（vw）｜w ∈ V（G）,vw ∈ E（G）} for every v ∈ V（G）. If f is a k-propertotal-coloring, and if Cf（u） ≠ Cf（v） for uv ∈ V（G）,uv E E（G）, then f is called k-adjacentvertex-distinguishing total coloring of G（k-AVDTC of G for short）. Let χat（G） = min{k｜G has a k-adjacent-vertex-distinguishing total coloring}. Then χat（G） is called the adjacent-vertex-distinguishing total chromatic number. The adjacent-vertex-distinguishing total chromatic number on the Cartesion product of path Pm and complete graph Kn is obtained.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.10771091)the Scientific Research Project of Northwest Normal University (Grant No.NWNU-KJCXGC-03-61)
文摘Let G be a simple graph. A total coloring f of G is called E-total-coloring if no two adjacent vertices of G receive the same color and no edge of G receives the same color as one of its endpoints. For E-total-coloring f of a graph G and any vertex u of G, let Cf （u） or C（u） denote the set of colors of vertex u and the edges incident to u. We call C（u） the color set of u. If C（u） ≠ C（v） for any two different vertices u and v of V（G）, then we say that f is a vertex-distinguishing E-total-coloring of G, or a VDET coloring of G for short. The minimum number of colors required for a VDET colorings of G is denoted by X^evt（G）, and it is called the VDET chromatic number of G. In this article, we will discuss vertex-distinguishing E-total colorings of the graphs mC3 and mC4.
文摘Let G be a simple graph. A total coloring f of G is called an E-total coloring if no two adjacent vertices of G receive the same color, and no edge of G receives the same color as one of its endpoints. For an E-total coloring f of a graph G and any vertex x of G, let C（x） denote the set of colors of vertex x and of the edges incident with x, we call C（x） the color set of x. If C（u） ≠ C（v） for any two different vertices u and v of V （G）, then we say that f is a vertex-distinguishing E-total coloring of G or a VDET coloring of G for short. The minimum number of colors required for a VDET coloring of G is denoted by Хvt^e（G） and is called the VDE T chromatic number of G. The VDET coloring of complete bipartite graph K7,n （7 ≤ n ≤ 95） is discussed in this paper and the VDET chromatic number of K7,n （7 ≤ n ≤ 95） has been obtained.
基金The NSF(61163037,61163054) of Chinathe Scientific Research Project(nwnu-kjcxgc-03-61) of Northwest Normal University
文摘Let G be a simple graph. An IE-total coloring f of G refers to a coloring of the vertices and edges of G so that no two adjacent vertices receive the same color. Let C（u） be the set of colors of vertex u and edges incident to u under f. For an IE-total coloring f of G using k colors, if C（u）=C（v） for any two different vertices u and v of V （G）, then f is called a k-vertex-distinguishing IE-total-coloring of G, or a k-VDIET coloring of G for short. The minimum number of colors required for a VDIET coloring of G is denoted by χievt（G）, and is called the VDIET chromatic number of G. We get the VDIET chromatic numbers of cycles and wheels, and propose related conjectures in this paper.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.10771091No.61163010)Ningxia University Science Research Foundation(No.(E)ndzr09-15)
文摘Let G（V, E） be a graph. A k-adjacent vertex-distinguishing equatable edge coloring of G, k-AVEEC for short, is a proper edge coloring f if （1） C（u）≠C（v） for uv ∈ E（G）, where C（u） = {f（uv）｜uv ∈ E}, and （2） for any i, j = 1, 2,… k, we have ｜｜Ei｜ ｜Ej｜｜ ≤ 1, where Ei = {e｜e ∈ E（G） and f（e） = i}. χáve （G） = min{k｜ there exists a k-AVEEC of G} is called the adjacent vertex-distinguishing equitable edge chromatic number of G. In this paper, we obtain the χ áve （G） of some special graphs and present a conjecture.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（61163037, 61163054, 11261046, 61363060）
文摘Let G be a simple graph. An IE-total coloring f of G is a coloring of the vertices and edges of G so that no two adjacent vertices receive the same color. For each vertex x of G, let C(x) be the set of colors of vertex x and edges incident to x under f. For an IE-total coloring f of G using k colors, if C(u) ≠ C(v) for any two different vertices u and v of G, then f is called a k-vertex-distinguishing IE-total-coloring of G or a k-VDIET coloring of G for short. The minimum number of colors required for a VDIET coloring of G is denoted by χ_(vt)^(ie) (G) and is called vertex-distinguishing IE-total chromatic number or the VDIET chromatic number of G for short. The VDIET colorings of complete bipartite graphs K_(8,n)are discussed in this paper. Particularly, the VDIET chromatic number of K_(8,n) are obtained.
文摘Let f be a proper total k-coloring of a simple graph G. For any vertex x ∈ V（G）, let Cf（x） denote the set of colors assigned to vertex x and the edges incident with x. If Cf（u） ≠ Cf（v） for all distinct vertices u and v of V（G）, then f is called a vertex- distinguishing total k-coloring of G. The minimum number k for which there exists a vertex- distinguishing total k-coloring of G is called the vertex-distinguishing total chromatic number of G and denoted by Xvt（G）. The vertex-disjoint union of two cycles of length n is denoted by 2Cn. We will obtain Xvt（2Cn） in this paper.
基金supported by NSFC of China (No. 19871036 and No. 40301037)Faculty Research Grant,Hong Kong Baptist University
文摘A proper edge coloring of a graph G is called adjacent vertex-distinguishing acyclic edge coloring if there is no 2-colored cycle in G and the coloring set of edges incident with u is not equal to the coloring set of edges incident with v, where uv∈ E（G）. The adjacent vertex distinguishing acyclic edge chromatic number of G, denoted by X＇Aa（G）, is the minimal number of colors in an adjacent vertex distinguishing acyclic edge coloring of G. If a graph G has an adjacent vertex distinguishing acyclic edge coloring, then G is called adjacent vertex distinguishing acyclic. In this paper, we obtain adjacent vertex-distinguishing acyclic edge coloring of some graphs and put forward some conjectures.
基金Supported by the NNSF of China(61163037,61163054)Supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of Ningxia University((E):ndzr09-15)
文摘Let G be a simple graph of order at least 2.A VE-total-coloring using k colors of a graph G is a mapping f from V (G) E(G) into {1,2,···,k} such that no edge receives the same color as one of its endpoints.Let C(u)={f(u)} {f(uv) | uv ∈ E(G)} be the color-set of u.If C(u)=C(v) for any two vertices u and v of V (G),then f is called a k-vertex-distinguishing VE-total coloring of G or a k-VDVET coloring of G for short.The minimum number of colors required for a VDVET coloring of G is denoted by χ ve vt (G) and it is called the VDVET chromatic number of G.In this paper we get cycle C n,path P n and complete graph K n of their VDVET chromatic numbers and propose a related conjecture.
基金Supported by the NNSF of China(10771091)Supported by the Qinglan Project of Lianyungang Teacher’s College(2009QLD3)
文摘Let G(V, E) be a simple connected graph and k be positive integers. A mapping f from V∪E to {1, 2, ··· , k} is called an adjacent vertex-distinguishing E-total coloring of G(abbreviated to k-AVDETC), if for uv ∈ E(G), we have f(u) ≠ f(v), f(u) ≠ f(uv), f(v) ≠ f(uv), C(u) ≠C(v), where C(u) = {f(u)}∪{f(uv)|uv ∈ E(G)}. The least number of k colors required for which G admits a k-coloring is called the adjacent vertex-distinguishing E-total chromatic number of G is denoted by x^e_(at) (G). In this paper, the adjacent vertexdistinguishing E-total colorings of some join graphs C_m∨G_n are obtained, where G_n is one of a star S_n , a fan F_n , a wheel W_n and a complete graph K_n . As a consequence, the adjacent vertex-distinguishing E-total chromatic numbers of C_m∨G_n are confirmed.
基金Supported by the NNSF of China(Grant No.11761064,61163037)
文摘Let G be a simple graph and f be a proper total coloring(or a total coloring in brief) of G. For any vertex u in G, Cf(u) denote the set of colors of vertex u and edges which incident with vertex u. Cf(u) is said to be the color set of vertex u under f. If Cf(u) = Cf(v)for any two distinct vertices u and v of G, then f is called vertex-distinguishing total coloring of G(in brief VDTC), a vertex distinguishing total coloring using k colors is called k-vertexdistinguishing total coloring of G(in brief k-VDTC). The minimum number k for which there exists a k-vertex-distinguishing total coloring of G is called the vertex-distinguishing total chromatic number of G, denoted by χvt(G). By the method of prior distributing the color sets, we obtain vertex-distinguishing total chromatic number of m C9 in this paper.
基金The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.3207013904)
文摘Let G be a simple graph and f be a proper total kcoloring of G. The color set of each vertex v of G is the set of colors appearing on v and the edges incident to v. The coloring f is said to be an adjacent vertex-distinguishing total coloring if the color sets of any two adjacent vertices are distinct. The minimum k for which such a coloring of G exists is called the adjacent vertex-distinguishing total chromatic number of G. The join graph of two vertex-disjoint graphs is the graph union of these two graphs together with all the edges that connect the vertices of one graph with the vertices of the other. The adjacent vertex-distinguishing total chromatic numbers of the join graphs of an empty graph of order s and a complete graph of order t are determined.
文摘In this paper, we present a new concept of the adjacent-vertex-distinguishing total coloring of graphs (briefly, AVDTC of graphs) and, meanwhile, have obtained the adjacent-vertex-distinguishing total chromatic number of some graphs such as cycle, complete graph, complete bipartite graph, fan, wheel and tree.
文摘A new concept of the D(β)-vertex-distinguishing total coloring of graphs, i.e., the proper total coloring such that any two vertices whose distance is not larger than β have different color sets, where the color set of a vertex is the set composed of all colors of the vertex and the edges incident to it, is proposed in this paper. The D(2)-vertex-distinguishing total colorings of some special graphs are discussed, meanwhile, a conjecture and an open problem are presented.
基金the Science and Research Project of Education Department of Gansu Province (0501-02)
文摘Let G be a simple graph. Let f be a mapping from V（G） U E（G） to {1, 2,..., k}. Let Cf（v） = {f（v）} U {f（vw）｜w ∈ V（G）,vw ∈ E（G）} for every v ∈ V（G）. If f is a k-propertotal-coloring, and if Cf（u） ≠ Cf（v） for uv ∈ V（G）,uv E E（G）, then f is called k-adjacentvertex-distinguishing total coloring of G（k-AVDTC of G for short）. Let χat（G） = min{k｜G has a k-adjacent-vertex-distinguishing total coloring}. Then χat（G） is called the adjacent-vertex-distinguishing total chromatic number. The adjacent-vertex-distinguishing total chromatic number on the Cartesion product of path Pm and complete graph Kn is obtained.
