The implementation of new type industrialization and urbanization and agricultural modernization strategies lacks of a major hand grip and spatial supporting platform, due to long-term existed ＂dual-track＂ structure...The implementation of new type industrialization and urbanization and agricultural modernization strategies lacks of a major hand grip and spatial supporting platform, due to long-term existed ＂dual-track＂ structure of rural-urban development in China as well as un- stable rural development institution and mechanism. It is necessary to restructure rural pro- duction, living and ecological space by carrying out land consolidation, so as to establish a new platform for building new countryside and realizing urban-rural integration development in China. This paper develops the concept and connotation of rural spatial restructuring. Basing on the effects analysis of industrialization and urbanization on rural production, living and ecological space, the mechanism of pushing forward rural spatial restructuring by carry- ing out land consolidation is probed. A conceptualization of the models of rural production, living and ecological spatial restructuring is analyzed combining with agricultural land con- solidation, hollowed villages consolidation and industrial and mining land consolidation. Fi- nally, the author argues that a ＂bottom-up＂ restructuring strategy accompanied by a few ＂top-down＂ elements is helpful for smoothly pushing forward rural spatial restructuring in China. In addition, the optimization and restructuring of rural production, living and ecological space will rely on the innovations of regional engineering technology, policy and mechanism, and mode of rural land consolidation, and more attentions should be paid to rural space, the foundation base and platform for realizing urban-rural integration development.展开更多
Based on the acquaintance of the regional background of urban-rural transformational development and investigations on the spot,this paper discusses the holistic situation, dominant factors and mechanism of arable lan...Based on the acquaintance of the regional background of urban-rural transformational development and investigations on the spot,this paper discusses the holistic situation, dominant factors and mechanism of arable land loss and land for construction occupation in the coastal area of China over the last decade,with the aid of GIS technology.Conclusions of the research are summarized as follows：（1）the arable land had been continuously decreasing from 1996 to 2005,with a loss of 1,708,700 hm^2 and an average decrement of 170,900 hm^2 per year;（2）land for construction increased 1,373,700 hm^2 ,with an average increment of 153,200 hm^2 per year;（3）total area of encroachment on arable land for construction between 1996 and 2005 was 1,053,100 hm^2 ,accounting for 34.03%of the arable land loss in the same period,the percentages of which used for industrial land（INL）,transportation land（TRL）,rural construction land（RUL）and town construction land（TOL）are 45.03%,15.8%,15.47%and 11.5%,respectively;and（4）the fluctuation of the increase of construction land and encroachment on arable land in the area were deeply influenced by the nation＇s macroscopic land-use policies and development level of regional economy.The growth of population and advancement of technology promoted the rapid industrialization, construction of transportation infrastructures,rural urbanization and expansion of rural settlements in the eastern coastal area,and therefore were the primary driving forces of land-use conversion.展开更多
The urban-rural equalized development （URED） as a definite measure and operating model is beneficial to gradually eliminating the dual-track structure of urban-rural development, bridging the gap of urban-rural deve...The urban-rural equalized development （URED） as a definite measure and operating model is beneficial to gradually eliminating the dual-track structure of urban-rural development, bridging the gap of urban-rural development, and creating harmonious urban-rural interactions. This paper aims to explore the status quo of URED in China at prefecture level, and to reveal the spatio-temporal patterns of URED and its differentiation regularity. The results show that： （1） China＇s URED level can be categorized into two parts, i.e., the eastern and the western, according to the ＂HU Huanyong Line＂, presenting a pattern of ＂east high and west low＂ and the URED level improves on the whole with the increase of distance from the line; （2） China＇s URED level can also be categorized into the northern and the southern parts according to ＂Kunlun-Qinling-Huaihe Line＂, presenting a pattern of ＂north high and south low＂, and the URED level reduces on the whole with the increase of distance from the line; （3） At the national level, China＇s URED has a significant trend of spatial agglomeration, the high and low URED regions tend to be adjacent, namely, the URED level presents obvious regional unbalance; （4） The five sub-dimension indicators of the URED level in the geographical space also reveal similar regional differentiation pattern, and in the aspect of space a decreasing trend is found in the URED level from the eastern （northern coast, eastern coast and southern coast）, the northeastern, the central （the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River） to the western （northwest and southwest）; and （5） China＇s URED at prefecture-level city can be divided into five types of differentiation areas. This study contributes to promoting the integrative cognition of the status quo of China＇s URED and can serve as a scientific ref- erence concerning the decision-making of coordinating urban-rural development and of pushing forward new-type urbanization strategy in Chin展开更多
Human activity and urbanization result in urban-rural environmental gradients. Understanding effect of the gradients on soil properties is necessary for management of the soils around urban areas. In this study, soil ...Human activity and urbanization result in urban-rural environmental gradients. Understanding effect of the gradients on soil properties is necessary for management of the soils around urban areas. In this study, soil quality of some vegetable fields was characterized along an urban-rural gradient in Shaoxing County, Zhejiang Province. Fifteen soil physical and chemical properties were evaluated by using principal component analysis.Results showed that there was a great variation in the soil quality along the gradient. From rural to urban zones, soil organic matter, water-stable aggregates, cation exchangeable capacity (CEC), total N and P, and available K increased, whereas soil pH value decreased. In addition, Pb, Cu, Ni, Co, Zn and Cr in the soils tended to be accumulated toward the urban zone. Sequential chemical extraction showed that mobility of all the heavy metals in the soils tended to increase from the rural to the urban zones. The variation of soil properties accounted for by the first principal component was significantly explained by the difference in application rates of municipal wastes.展开更多
目的探讨我国城乡二元结构下卫生资源配置的空间分布模式和特征,为今后我国卫生资源配置的规划决策提供参考。方法应用ArcGIS10.0软件,运用Moran's Ⅰ空间自相关分析和Getis-Ord General G热点分析从地理空间角度研究我国卫生资源...目的探讨我国城乡二元结构下卫生资源配置的空间分布模式和特征,为今后我国卫生资源配置的规划决策提供参考。方法应用ArcGIS10.0软件,运用Moran's Ⅰ空间自相关分析和Getis-Ord General G热点分析从地理空间角度研究我国卫生资源人力、物力、财力三方面的分布特点。结果我国卫生资源配置总体上呈现由北向南逐渐减少,由东向西先减少后增加的趋势;Moran's Ⅰ空间自相关分析和Getis-Ord General G热点分析显示我国城乡卫生资源人力、物力、财力整体上呈明显空间正相关;城乡卫生资源存在不平衡现象。结论我国卫生资源的配置具有明显的地域分布规律,空间分析技术可为卫生资源配置合理性的研究提供线索。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41171149No.41130748No.41201176
文摘The implementation of new type industrialization and urbanization and agricultural modernization strategies lacks of a major hand grip and spatial supporting platform, due to long-term existed ＂dual-track＂ structure of rural-urban development in China as well as un- stable rural development institution and mechanism. It is necessary to restructure rural pro- duction, living and ecological space by carrying out land consolidation, so as to establish a new platform for building new countryside and realizing urban-rural integration development in China. This paper develops the concept and connotation of rural spatial restructuring. Basing on the effects analysis of industrialization and urbanization on rural production, living and ecological space, the mechanism of pushing forward rural spatial restructuring by carry- ing out land consolidation is probed. A conceptualization of the models of rural production, living and ecological spatial restructuring is analyzed combining with agricultural land con- solidation, hollowed villages consolidation and industrial and mining land consolidation. Fi- nally, the author argues that a ＂bottom-up＂ restructuring strategy accompanied by a few ＂top-down＂ elements is helpful for smoothly pushing forward rural spatial restructuring in China. In addition, the optimization and restructuring of rural production, living and ecological space will rely on the innovations of regional engineering technology, policy and mechanism, and mode of rural land consolidation, and more attentions should be paid to rural space, the foundation base and platform for realizing urban-rural integration development.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40635029 No.40771014
文摘Based on the acquaintance of the regional background of urban-rural transformational development and investigations on the spot,this paper discusses the holistic situation, dominant factors and mechanism of arable land loss and land for construction occupation in the coastal area of China over the last decade,with the aid of GIS technology.Conclusions of the research are summarized as follows：（1）the arable land had been continuously decreasing from 1996 to 2005,with a loss of 1,708,700 hm^2 and an average decrement of 170,900 hm^2 per year;（2）land for construction increased 1,373,700 hm^2 ,with an average increment of 153,200 hm^2 per year;（3）total area of encroachment on arable land for construction between 1996 and 2005 was 1,053,100 hm^2 ,accounting for 34.03%of the arable land loss in the same period,the percentages of which used for industrial land（INL）,transportation land（TRL）,rural construction land（RUL）and town construction land（TOL）are 45.03%,15.8%,15.47%and 11.5%,respectively;and（4）the fluctuation of the increase of construction land and encroachment on arable land in the area were deeply influenced by the nation＇s macroscopic land-use policies and development level of regional economy.The growth of population and advancement of technology promoted the rapid industrialization, construction of transportation infrastructures,rural urbanization and expansion of rural settlements in the eastern coastal area,and therefore were the primary driving forces of land-use conversion.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41130748, No.41471143
文摘The urban-rural equalized development （URED） as a definite measure and operating model is beneficial to gradually eliminating the dual-track structure of urban-rural development, bridging the gap of urban-rural development, and creating harmonious urban-rural interactions. This paper aims to explore the status quo of URED in China at prefecture level, and to reveal the spatio-temporal patterns of URED and its differentiation regularity. The results show that： （1） China＇s URED level can be categorized into two parts, i.e., the eastern and the western, according to the ＂HU Huanyong Line＂, presenting a pattern of ＂east high and west low＂ and the URED level improves on the whole with the increase of distance from the line; （2） China＇s URED level can also be categorized into the northern and the southern parts according to ＂Kunlun-Qinling-Huaihe Line＂, presenting a pattern of ＂north high and south low＂, and the URED level reduces on the whole with the increase of distance from the line; （3） At the national level, China＇s URED has a significant trend of spatial agglomeration, the high and low URED regions tend to be adjacent, namely, the URED level presents obvious regional unbalance; （4） The five sub-dimension indicators of the URED level in the geographical space also reveal similar regional differentiation pattern, and in the aspect of space a decreasing trend is found in the URED level from the eastern （northern coast, eastern coast and southern coast）, the northeastern, the central （the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River） to the western （northwest and southwest）; and （5） China＇s URED at prefecture-level city can be divided into five types of differentiation areas. This study contributes to promoting the integrative cognition of the status quo of China＇s URED and can serve as a scientific ref- erence concerning the decision-making of coordinating urban-rural development and of pushing forward new-type urbanization strategy in Chin
基金Project supported by the National Key Basic Research Support Foundation (NKBRSF) of China (No. 1999011809).
文摘Human activity and urbanization result in urban-rural environmental gradients. Understanding effect of the gradients on soil properties is necessary for management of the soils around urban areas. In this study, soil quality of some vegetable fields was characterized along an urban-rural gradient in Shaoxing County, Zhejiang Province. Fifteen soil physical and chemical properties were evaluated by using principal component analysis.Results showed that there was a great variation in the soil quality along the gradient. From rural to urban zones, soil organic matter, water-stable aggregates, cation exchangeable capacity (CEC), total N and P, and available K increased, whereas soil pH value decreased. In addition, Pb, Cu, Ni, Co, Zn and Cr in the soils tended to be accumulated toward the urban zone. Sequential chemical extraction showed that mobility of all the heavy metals in the soils tended to increase from the rural to the urban zones. The variation of soil properties accounted for by the first principal component was significantly explained by the difference in application rates of municipal wastes.
文摘目的探讨我国城乡二元结构下卫生资源配置的空间分布模式和特征,为今后我国卫生资源配置的规划决策提供参考。方法应用ArcGIS10.0软件,运用Moran's Ⅰ空间自相关分析和Getis-Ord General G热点分析从地理空间角度研究我国卫生资源人力、物力、财力三方面的分布特点。结果我国卫生资源配置总体上呈现由北向南逐渐减少,由东向西先减少后增加的趋势;Moran's Ⅰ空间自相关分析和Getis-Ord General G热点分析显示我国城乡卫生资源人力、物力、财力整体上呈明显空间正相关;城乡卫生资源存在不平衡现象。结论我国卫生资源的配置具有明显的地域分布规律,空间分析技术可为卫生资源配置合理性的研究提供线索。
