In musical instruments, the geometric design and material features of the instrument are the most important factors that determine the sound characteristics of the instrument. Traditional replication and experiment-ba...In musical instruments, the geometric design and material features of the instrument are the most important factors that determine the sound characteristics of the instrument. Traditional replication and experiment-based handcrafting methods are predominant in the production of Turkish Folk Music wind instruments. The instrument manufacturing and standardization approaches, which include the relevant rules of physics and engineering practices, are limited purely to prototype studies for scientific research purposes. It is almost impossible to find studies on Turkish Folk Music wind instrument design and production involving computer aided design and engineering applications. In this study, an example Turkish woodwind instrument, the Turkish Treble Recorder (dilli kaval) is considered, and the air flow behaviour and acoustic (sound) power magnitudes that occur at different air flow rates are simulated in a computer environment using a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation technique. In the study, numerical and visual outputs related to air behaviour at different air flow rates that may be used in the instrument manufacturing phases were obtained. Acoustic power level was also measured experimentally. Simulation outputs (the acoustic power level) were compared to experimental results in order to validate the simulation results. The comparison revealed that the highest relative difference was calculated as 13.32(%). This value indicated that the simulation results were reasonably consistent with the results of the experimental measurement. Additionally, this study was constructed as a case study that may provide reference for future research studies in this field.展开更多
Vertical tire forces are essential for vehicle modelling and dynamic control.However,an evaluation of the vertical tire forces on a multi-axle truck is difficult to accomplish.The current methods require a large amoun...Vertical tire forces are essential for vehicle modelling and dynamic control.However,an evaluation of the vertical tire forces on a multi-axle truck is difficult to accomplish.The current methods require a large amount of experimental data and many sensors owing to the wide variation of the parameters and the over-constraint.To simplify the design process and reduce the demand of the sensors,this paper presents a practical approach to estimating the vertical tire forces of a multi-axle truck for dynamic control.The estimation system is based on a novel vertical force model and a proposed adaptive treble extend Kalman filter(ATEKF).To adapt to the widely varying parameters,a sliding mode update is designed to make the ATEKF adaptive,and together with the use of an initial setting update and a vertical tire force adjustment,the overall system becomes more robust.In particular,the model aims to eliminate the effects of the over-constraint and the uneven weight distribution.The results show that the ATEKF method achieves an excellent performance in a vertical force evaluation,and its performance is better than that of the treble extend Kalman filter.展开更多
介绍了全光纤电流互感器(allfiber-optic current sensor,A-FOCS)的工作原理。针对输出信号特点,应用方波调制提高系统响应灵敏度,相关解调提取相位信息。在此基础上,引入阶梯波反馈技术,在2束相干偏振光间叠加一个与法拉第(Faraday)相...介绍了全光纤电流互感器(allfiber-optic current sensor,A-FOCS)的工作原理。针对输出信号特点,应用方波调制提高系统响应灵敏度,相关解调提取相位信息。在此基础上,引入阶梯波反馈技术,在2束相干偏振光间叠加一个与法拉第(Faraday)相移大小相等、方向相反的非互易相位差,实现闭环检测。提出三倍频方波调制方法,提高检测速度、增大闭环系统检测带宽。测试结果表明,闭环系统在-40^+60℃范围内标度因数变化小于±0.25%,接近IEC标准0.2s级(±0.2%);系统带宽大于6kHz;分辨能力小于0.5A。试验结果证明了信号处理方法的正确性。展开更多
文摘In musical instruments, the geometric design and material features of the instrument are the most important factors that determine the sound characteristics of the instrument. Traditional replication and experiment-based handcrafting methods are predominant in the production of Turkish Folk Music wind instruments. The instrument manufacturing and standardization approaches, which include the relevant rules of physics and engineering practices, are limited purely to prototype studies for scientific research purposes. It is almost impossible to find studies on Turkish Folk Music wind instrument design and production involving computer aided design and engineering applications. In this study, an example Turkish woodwind instrument, the Turkish Treble Recorder (dilli kaval) is considered, and the air flow behaviour and acoustic (sound) power magnitudes that occur at different air flow rates are simulated in a computer environment using a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation technique. In the study, numerical and visual outputs related to air behaviour at different air flow rates that may be used in the instrument manufacturing phases were obtained. Acoustic power level was also measured experimentally. Simulation outputs (the acoustic power level) were compared to experimental results in order to validate the simulation results. The comparison revealed that the highest relative difference was calculated as 13.32(%). This value indicated that the simulation results were reasonably consistent with the results of the experimental measurement. Additionally, this study was constructed as a case study that may provide reference for future research studies in this field.
基金Supported by Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province of China(Grant No.2019A1515110763).
文摘Vertical tire forces are essential for vehicle modelling and dynamic control.However,an evaluation of the vertical tire forces on a multi-axle truck is difficult to accomplish.The current methods require a large amount of experimental data and many sensors owing to the wide variation of the parameters and the over-constraint.To simplify the design process and reduce the demand of the sensors,this paper presents a practical approach to estimating the vertical tire forces of a multi-axle truck for dynamic control.The estimation system is based on a novel vertical force model and a proposed adaptive treble extend Kalman filter(ATEKF).To adapt to the widely varying parameters,a sliding mode update is designed to make the ATEKF adaptive,and together with the use of an initial setting update and a vertical tire force adjustment,the overall system becomes more robust.In particular,the model aims to eliminate the effects of the over-constraint and the uneven weight distribution.The results show that the ATEKF method achieves an excellent performance in a vertical force evaluation,and its performance is better than that of the treble extend Kalman filter.
文摘介绍了全光纤电流互感器(allfiber-optic current sensor,A-FOCS)的工作原理。针对输出信号特点,应用方波调制提高系统响应灵敏度,相关解调提取相位信息。在此基础上,引入阶梯波反馈技术,在2束相干偏振光间叠加一个与法拉第(Faraday)相移大小相等、方向相反的非互易相位差,实现闭环检测。提出三倍频方波调制方法,提高检测速度、增大闭环系统检测带宽。测试结果表明,闭环系统在-40^+60℃范围内标度因数变化小于±0.25%,接近IEC标准0.2s级(±0.2%);系统带宽大于6kHz;分辨能力小于0.5A。试验结果证明了信号处理方法的正确性。
