Based on constructal theory and entransy theory,the optimal designs of constant-and variable-cross-sectional cylindrical heat sources are carried out by taking dimensionless equivalent resistance minimization as optim...Based on constructal theory and entransy theory,the optimal designs of constant-and variable-cross-sectional cylindrical heat sources are carried out by taking dimensionless equivalent resistance minimization as optimization objective.The effects of the cylindrical height,the cylindrical shape and the ratio of thermal conductivity of the fin to that of the heat source are analyzed.The results show that when the volume of the heat source is fixed,there exists an optimal ratio of the center-to-centre distance of the fin and the heat source to the cylinder radius which leads to the minimum dimensionless equivalent thermal resistance.With the increase in the height of the cylindrical heat source and the ratio of thermal conductivity,the minimum dimensionless equivalent thermal resistance decreases gradually.For the heat source model with inverted variable-cross-sectional cylinder,there exist an optimal ratio of the center-to-centre distance of the fin and the heat source to the cylinder radius and an optimal radius ratio of the smaller and bigger circles of the cylindrical fin which lead to a double minimum dimensionless equivalent thermal resistance.Therefore,the heat transfer performance of the cylindrical heat source is improved by adopting the cylindrical model with variable-cross-section.The optimal constructs of the cylindrical heat source based on the minimizations of dimensionless maximum thermal resistance and dimensionless equivalent thermal resistance are different.When the thermal security is ensured,the optimal construct of the cylindrical heat source based on minimum equivalent thermal resistance can provide a new alternative scheme for the practical design of heat source.The results obtained herein enrich the work of constructal theory and entransy theory in the optimal design field of the heat sources,and they can provide some guidelines for the designs of practical heat source systems.展开更多
The present research explores the three-dimensional boundary layer flow of the Maxwell nanofluid. The flow is generated by a bidirectional stretching surface. The mathematical formulation is carried out through a boun...The present research explores the three-dimensional boundary layer flow of the Maxwell nanofluid. The flow is generated by a bidirectional stretching surface. The mathematical formulation is carried out through a boundary layer approach with the heat source/sink, the Brownian motion, and the thermophoresis effects. The newly developed boundary conditions requiring zero nanoparticle mass flux at the boundary are employed in the flow analysis for the Maxwell fluid. The governing nonlinear boundary layer equations through appropriate transformations are reduced to the coupled nonlin- ear ordinary differential system. The resulting nonlinear system is solved. Graphs are plotted to examine the effects of various interesting parameters on the non-dimensional velocities, temperature, and concentration fields. The values of the local Nusselt number are computed and examined numerically.展开更多
提出了一种新型GMAW(gas metal arc welding)三维温度场解析模型,将焊接过程中熔滴热焓对熔透成形的影响考虑在内。在模型中影响焊件的热输入因素主要有电弧热和熔滴热焓两部分。电弧热按半椭球形式分布,熔滴热焓考虑为按高斯分布的两...提出了一种新型GMAW(gas metal arc welding)三维温度场解析模型,将焊接过程中熔滴热焓对熔透成形的影响考虑在内。在模型中影响焊件的热输入因素主要有电弧热和熔滴热焓两部分。电弧热按半椭球形式分布,熔滴热焓考虑为按高斯分布的两个点热源,对新型热源的温度场模型进行了公式推导,得到了有限尺寸试件的三维温度场解析式。为了验证模型的有效性,在低碳钢试件上作了堆焊试验,对焊接不同时刻焊件横切面熔透等温线的理论计算与试验进行比较,结果显示该新型模型具有一定的有效性。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.5120618451176203&51356001)
文摘Based on constructal theory and entransy theory,the optimal designs of constant-and variable-cross-sectional cylindrical heat sources are carried out by taking dimensionless equivalent resistance minimization as optimization objective.The effects of the cylindrical height,the cylindrical shape and the ratio of thermal conductivity of the fin to that of the heat source are analyzed.The results show that when the volume of the heat source is fixed,there exists an optimal ratio of the center-to-centre distance of the fin and the heat source to the cylinder radius which leads to the minimum dimensionless equivalent thermal resistance.With the increase in the height of the cylindrical heat source and the ratio of thermal conductivity,the minimum dimensionless equivalent thermal resistance decreases gradually.For the heat source model with inverted variable-cross-sectional cylinder,there exist an optimal ratio of the center-to-centre distance of the fin and the heat source to the cylinder radius and an optimal radius ratio of the smaller and bigger circles of the cylindrical fin which lead to a double minimum dimensionless equivalent thermal resistance.Therefore,the heat transfer performance of the cylindrical heat source is improved by adopting the cylindrical model with variable-cross-section.The optimal constructs of the cylindrical heat source based on the minimizations of dimensionless maximum thermal resistance and dimensionless equivalent thermal resistance are different.When the thermal security is ensured,the optimal construct of the cylindrical heat source based on minimum equivalent thermal resistance can provide a new alternative scheme for the practical design of heat source.The results obtained herein enrich the work of constructal theory and entransy theory in the optimal design field of the heat sources,and they can provide some guidelines for the designs of practical heat source systems.
文摘The present research explores the three-dimensional boundary layer flow of the Maxwell nanofluid. The flow is generated by a bidirectional stretching surface. The mathematical formulation is carried out through a boundary layer approach with the heat source/sink, the Brownian motion, and the thermophoresis effects. The newly developed boundary conditions requiring zero nanoparticle mass flux at the boundary are employed in the flow analysis for the Maxwell fluid. The governing nonlinear boundary layer equations through appropriate transformations are reduced to the coupled nonlin- ear ordinary differential system. The resulting nonlinear system is solved. Graphs are plotted to examine the effects of various interesting parameters on the non-dimensional velocities, temperature, and concentration fields. The values of the local Nusselt number are computed and examined numerically.
文摘提出了一种新型GMAW(gas metal arc welding)三维温度场解析模型,将焊接过程中熔滴热焓对熔透成形的影响考虑在内。在模型中影响焊件的热输入因素主要有电弧热和熔滴热焓两部分。电弧热按半椭球形式分布,熔滴热焓考虑为按高斯分布的两个点热源,对新型热源的温度场模型进行了公式推导,得到了有限尺寸试件的三维温度场解析式。为了验证模型的有效性,在低碳钢试件上作了堆焊试验,对焊接不同时刻焊件横切面熔透等温线的理论计算与试验进行比较,结果显示该新型模型具有一定的有效性。
