摘要
用复杂地形上的三维边界层模式模拟了兰州市城关区的城市热岛，模拟得到的温度廓线和热岛强度与实测结果一致，模拟结果还显示了热岛的温度场和流场的三维结构．兰州市夜间热岛环流明显，地形山谷风对热岛环流有影响，热岛强度有明显的时间变化．城市热岛的形成主要是天气尺度的地转风和城市热源、地形等因素相互作用的结果．当地转风不变时，对热岛的形成起主要作用的因素是人工热源．
In order to investigate the three dimensional structure and the mechanism of the urban heat island on complex terrain, a three dimensional boundary layer model on complex terrain was used to simulate the urban heat island over Lanzhou. In this model, the anthropogenic heat source was included in the ground temperature equation. Furthermore, the timing variation of the anthropogenic heat flux on the surface was also considered. The simulation results showed that the urban heat island over Lanzhou is quite evident. The urban heat island intensity can rise to 6.41℃. And the temperature inversion is also evident and can rise to 4.7～10℃. The simulated temperature profiles and the heat island intensity are in agreement with the observational results. The simulated results also include the three dimensional structure of the temperature field. The center of the urban heat island over Lanzhou is in the area of Panxuan Road because in this area the population is dense and the heat flux given off is pretty large in winter. The urban heat island circulation is evident and the mountain and valley breeze caused by the topography has an effect on the heat island. The ideal experiment results showed that it is the effect of the interactions of the synoptic scale geotropic wind and the urban heat source, terrain, etc. that has formed the urban heat island. But the function of the synoptic scale geostrophic wind is to restrain the development of the heat island when the geostrophic wind is invariable. The main factor for the formation of the urban heat island is the anthropogenic heat source.
出处
《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第3期117-124,共8页
Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)
关键词
复杂地形
热岛效应
数值模拟
城市气候
complex terrain heat island effect three dimensional numerical simulation anthropogenic heat source
