The shell color of Pacific oyster(Crassostrea gigas) is a desirable trait; but the nutritional studies on C. gigas with different shell colors have not been conducted. Through successive selective breeding, five shell...The shell color of Pacific oyster(Crassostrea gigas) is a desirable trait; but the nutritional studies on C. gigas with different shell colors have not been conducted. Through successive selective breeding, five shell color strains of black(B), purple(P), orange(O), golden(G) and white(W) C. gigas have been developed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition and nutritional value of five shell color strains and one commercial population with a common color. The biochemical composition including moisture, total protein, glycogen, ash, total fat, fatty acids(FA), amino acids and minerals was detected. The results indicated that the protein(50.76%–56.57%) was the major component. The content of glycogen showed a significant difference between orange shell and golden shell strains, as well as between commercial population and golden shell strain. In addition, all shell color strains contained a large amount of essential amino acids(12.20–14.15 g(100 g)^(-1)), of them leucine(2.81–3.29 g(100 g)^(-1)) and lysine(2.79–3.28 g(100 g)^(-1)) were predominant. The oysters were rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids(42.26%–45.24% of total fatty acid) with high levels of DHA(18.53%–21.16% of total fatty acid) and EPA(17.23%–18.68% of total fatty acid). Significant differences of mineral contents(Mg, Zn, Fe and Cu) were identified among the six populations. These results indicated that C. gigas with different shell colors presented rich nutritional value with high protein, glycogen, essential amino acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The biochemical composition obtained in this study is useful for selective breeding of C. gigas with different shell colors.展开更多
To reduce environmental pollution and plastic recycling costs,poly-amide-66(PA-66)as the most consumed engineering polymer needs to be recycled effectively.However,the existing recycling methods cannot convert waste P...To reduce environmental pollution and plastic recycling costs,poly-amide-66(PA-66)as the most consumed engineering polymer needs to be recycled effectively.However,the existing recycling methods cannot convert waste PA-66 into valuable chemicals for upcycling under ambient conditions.Here,we report an integrated hydrolysis and electrocatalytic process to upcycle waste PA-66 into valuable adiponitrile(ADN),adipic acid,and H_(2) commodities,thereby closing the PA-66 loop.To enable electrooxidation of the PA-66 hydrosylate hexamethylenediamine(HMD),we fabricated anode catalysts with hierarchical Ni_(3)S_(2)@Fe_(2)O_(3) core-shell heterostructures comprising spindle-shaped Ni_(3)S_(2) cores and Fe_(2)O_(3) nanosheet shells.The unique core-shell architecture and synergy of the Ni_(3)S_(2) and Fe_(2)O_(3) catalysts enabled the selective dehydrogenation of C-N bonds from HMD to nitrile C≡N bonds,forming ADN with near-unity Faradaic efficiency at 1.40 V during the 100-h stability test even at 100 mA cm^(−2).X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the Ni(Fe)oxy(hydroxide)species formed were in the active state during oxidation,accelerating the activation of the amino C-N bond for dehydrogenation directly into the C≡N bonds.展开更多
Weak formulation of mixed state equations including boundary conditions are presented in a cylindrical coordinate system by introducing Hellinger-Reissner variational principle. Analytical solutions are obtained for l...Weak formulation of mixed state equations including boundary conditions are presented in a cylindrical coordinate system by introducing Hellinger-Reissner variational principle. Analytical solutions are obtained for laminated cylindrical shell by means of state space method. The present study extends and unifies the solution of laminated shells.展开更多
By the aid of differential geometry analysis on the initial buckling of shell element, a set of new and exact buckling bifurcation equations of the spherical shells is derived. Making use of Galerkin variational metho...By the aid of differential geometry analysis on the initial buckling of shell element, a set of new and exact buckling bifurcation equations of the spherical shells is derived. Making use of Galerkin variational method, the general stability of the hinged spherical shells with the circumferential shear loads is studied. Constructing the buckling mode close to the bifurcation point deformations, the critical eigenvalues, critical load intensities and critical stresses of torsional buckling ranging from the shallow shells to the hemispherical shell are obtained for the first time.展开更多
With the rapid development of Camellia oleifera industry, more and more Camellia nut shells have been produced, leading to serious environmental pollution problem. This paper reviews the works on the characterization ...With the rapid development of Camellia oleifera industry, more and more Camellia nut shells have been produced, leading to serious environmental pollution problem. This paper reviews the works on the characterization of the physical and chemical properties of Camellia nut shells, active ingredient extraction, its application in chemical production, growing media and animal feed and its properties as a biomass. Based on the review, we proposed a novel all-component high value application strategy to covert camellia nut shells into high value biomasses, which could realize waste recycling and environmental protection.展开更多
基金supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31772843)the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(No.2016ZDJS06A06)the Industrial Development Project of Qingdao City(17-3-3-64-nsh)
文摘The shell color of Pacific oyster(Crassostrea gigas) is a desirable trait; but the nutritional studies on C. gigas with different shell colors have not been conducted. Through successive selective breeding, five shell color strains of black(B), purple(P), orange(O), golden(G) and white(W) C. gigas have been developed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition and nutritional value of five shell color strains and one commercial population with a common color. The biochemical composition including moisture, total protein, glycogen, ash, total fat, fatty acids(FA), amino acids and minerals was detected. The results indicated that the protein(50.76%–56.57%) was the major component. The content of glycogen showed a significant difference between orange shell and golden shell strains, as well as between commercial population and golden shell strain. In addition, all shell color strains contained a large amount of essential amino acids(12.20–14.15 g(100 g)^(-1)), of them leucine(2.81–3.29 g(100 g)^(-1)) and lysine(2.79–3.28 g(100 g)^(-1)) were predominant. The oysters were rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids(42.26%–45.24% of total fatty acid) with high levels of DHA(18.53%–21.16% of total fatty acid) and EPA(17.23%–18.68% of total fatty acid). Significant differences of mineral contents(Mg, Zn, Fe and Cu) were identified among the six populations. These results indicated that C. gigas with different shell colors presented rich nutritional value with high protein, glycogen, essential amino acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The biochemical composition obtained in this study is useful for selective breeding of C. gigas with different shell colors.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,and the Shanghai Sailing Program,Grant/Award Number:20YF1410200National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:22178104,U22B20143,21838003,22008069+3 种基金Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major ProjectShanghai Scientific and Technological Innovation Project,Grant/Award Number:22dz1205900the A*STAR Career Development Award,Grant/Award Number:C210112053Young Individual Research Grant,Grant/Award Number:A2084c0180。
文摘To reduce environmental pollution and plastic recycling costs,poly-amide-66(PA-66)as the most consumed engineering polymer needs to be recycled effectively.However,the existing recycling methods cannot convert waste PA-66 into valuable chemicals for upcycling under ambient conditions.Here,we report an integrated hydrolysis and electrocatalytic process to upcycle waste PA-66 into valuable adiponitrile(ADN),adipic acid,and H_(2) commodities,thereby closing the PA-66 loop.To enable electrooxidation of the PA-66 hydrosylate hexamethylenediamine(HMD),we fabricated anode catalysts with hierarchical Ni_(3)S_(2)@Fe_(2)O_(3) core-shell heterostructures comprising spindle-shaped Ni_(3)S_(2) cores and Fe_(2)O_(3) nanosheet shells.The unique core-shell architecture and synergy of the Ni_(3)S_(2) and Fe_(2)O_(3) catalysts enabled the selective dehydrogenation of C-N bonds from HMD to nitrile C≡N bonds,forming ADN with near-unity Faradaic efficiency at 1.40 V during the 100-h stability test even at 100 mA cm^(−2).X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the Ni(Fe)oxy(hydroxide)species formed were in the active state during oxidation,accelerating the activation of the amino C-N bond for dehydrogenation directly into the C≡N bonds.
文摘Weak formulation of mixed state equations including boundary conditions are presented in a cylindrical coordinate system by introducing Hellinger-Reissner variational principle. Analytical solutions are obtained for laminated cylindrical shell by means of state space method. The present study extends and unifies the solution of laminated shells.
文摘By the aid of differential geometry analysis on the initial buckling of shell element, a set of new and exact buckling bifurcation equations of the spherical shells is derived. Making use of Galerkin variational method, the general stability of the hinged spherical shells with the circumferential shear loads is studied. Constructing the buckling mode close to the bifurcation point deformations, the critical eigenvalues, critical load intensities and critical stresses of torsional buckling ranging from the shallow shells to the hemispherical shell are obtained for the first time.
文摘With the rapid development of Camellia oleifera industry, more and more Camellia nut shells have been produced, leading to serious environmental pollution problem. This paper reviews the works on the characterization of the physical and chemical properties of Camellia nut shells, active ingredient extraction, its application in chemical production, growing media and animal feed and its properties as a biomass. Based on the review, we proposed a novel all-component high value application strategy to covert camellia nut shells into high value biomasses, which could realize waste recycling and environmental protection.
