Sulfur-driven autotrophic denitrification(SDAD),a process suited for the treatment of nitrogen and sulfur-polluted wastewater without extra supplement of organic carbon,is a promising biological nitrogen removal proce...Sulfur-driven autotrophic denitrification(SDAD),a process suited for the treatment of nitrogen and sulfur-polluted wastewater without extra supplement of organic carbon,is a promising biological nitrogen removal process.However,the SDAD process was affected by many factors such as various electron donors,organic carbon and exogenous substances(e.g.,antibiotics and heavy metal),which prevent further application.Thus,we conducted a detailed review of previous studies on such influence factors and its current application.Besides,a comparative analysis was adopted to recognize the current challenges and future needs for feasible application,so as to ultimately perfect the SDAD process and extend its application scope.展开更多
Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria （SOB） are the main microorganisms that participate in the natural sulfur cycle. To obtain SOBwith high sulfur-oxidizing ability under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, aerobic and anaerobic ...Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria （SOB） are the main microorganisms that participate in the natural sulfur cycle. To obtain SOBwith high sulfur-oxidizing ability under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, aerobic and anaerobic enrichmentswere carried out. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） profiles showed that the microbial community changed according to the thiosulfate utilizationduring enrichments, and Rhodopseudomonas and Halothiobacilluswere the predominant bacteria in anaerobic enrichment and aerobic enrichment, respectively,which mainly contributed to the thiosulfate oxidization in the enrichments. Based on the enriched cultures, six isolateswere isolated from the aerobic enrichment and four isolateswere obtained from the anaerobic enrichment. Phylogenetic analysis suggested the 16S rRNA gene of isolates belonged to the genus Acinetobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Pseudomonas, Halothiobacillus,0chrobactrum, Paracoccus, Thiobacillus, and Alcaligenes, respectively. The tests suggested isolates related to Halothiobacillus and Rhodopseudomonas had the highest thiosulfate oxidizing ability under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, respectively; Paracoccus and Alcaligenes could aerobically and anaerobically oxidize thiosulfate. Based on the DGGE and thiosulfate oxidizing ability analysis, Rhodopseudomonas and Halothiobacilluswere found to be the main SOB in the sulfide-removing reactor, andwere responsible for the sulfur-oxidizing in the treatment system.展开更多
Sulfur dioxide（SO_2） and benzene homologs are frequently present in the off-gas during the process of sewage sludge drying. A laboratory scale biofilter was set up to co-treat SO_2 and o-xylene in the present study....Sulfur dioxide（SO_2） and benzene homologs are frequently present in the off-gas during the process of sewage sludge drying. A laboratory scale biofilter was set up to co-treat SO_2 and o-xylene in the present study. SO_2 and o-xylene could be removed simultaneously in a single biofilter. Their concentration ratio in the inlet stream influenced the removal efficiencies. It is worth noting that the removal of SO_2 could be enhanced when low concentrations of o-xylene were introduced into the biofilter. Pseudomonas sp., Paenibacillus sp., and Bacillus sp. were the main functional bacteria groups in the biofilter. Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria（SOB） and o-xylene-degrading bacteria（XB） thrived in the biofilter and their counts as well as their growth rate increased with the increase in amount of SO2 and o-xylene supplied. The microbial populations differed in counts and species due to the properties and components of the compounds being treated in the biofilter. The presence of mixed substrates enhanced the diversity of the microbial population. During the treatment process, bioaerosols including potentially pathogenic bacteria, e.g., Acinetobacter lwoffii and Aeromonas sp., were emitted from the biofilter. Further investigation is needed to focus on the potential hazards caused by the bioaerosols emitted from waste gas treatment bioreactors.展开更多
To explore the role of biofilm formation on the corrosion of marine concrete structures, we investigated the attachment of biofilm on mortar surfaces in simulated seawater and the influence of biofilm on the microstru...To explore the role of biofilm formation on the corrosion of marine concrete structures, we investigated the attachment of biofilm on mortar surfaces in simulated seawater and the influence of biofilm on the microstructure of mortar surfaces. The results show that the evolution of biofilm on mortar surfaces in simulated seawater is closely related to the corrosion suffered by the mortar, and the process of biofilm attachment and shedding is continuous and cyclical. It is found that the specimens in the absence of biofilm attachment are more severely eroded internally by the corrosive medium in simulated seawater than those in the presence of biofilm attachment. For the specimens without biofilm attachment, after 60 days, gypsum forms,and after 120 days, the number of pores in the mortar is reduced. In contrast, for the specimens in the presence of biofilm attachment, gypsum could only be detected after 90 days, and fewer pores are filled. Therefore, the formation of biofilm could delay the invasion of the corrosive medium into the interior of mortar during the evolution of biofilm on mortar surfaces, mitigating the corrosion of mortars in seawater.展开更多
The corrosion behavior of the acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing microorganism(ASOM)Acidithiobacillusthiooxidans(A.thiooxidans)on mortar was investigated for changes of medium and mortar,as well as for weight lossand surfac...The corrosion behavior of the acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing microorganism(ASOM)Acidithiobacillusthiooxidans(A.thiooxidans)on mortar was investigated for changes of medium and mortar,as well as for weight lossand surface morphology of mortar specimens.Weight loss analysis showed that mortar weight was reduced by(15.1±2.2)%after 56 d.Morphological surface analysis of mortar specimens showed weakly structured fibrous substances with2−100μm in size.The pH variations of the mortar surface and medium indicated that biogenic sulfuric acid had beenproduced by A.thiooxidans.The results prove that A.thiooxidans accelerated concrete corrosion and caused concretefailure.展开更多
The removal of ciprofloxacin(CIP)in sulfur-mediated bio processes,e.g.,sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB)-mediated process and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria(SOB)-mediated process,was examined for the first time.The results sh...The removal of ciprofloxacin(CIP)in sulfur-mediated bio processes,e.g.,sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB)-mediated process and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria(SOB)-mediated process,was examined for the first time.The results showed that the SRB-mediated process had more efficient CIP removal than that in SOB-mediated process.Adsorption was the primary removal pathway of CIP in SRB-mediated process and SOB-mediated process with the specific adsorption removal rate of 131.4±1.1μg/g-SS/d and30.1±1.4μg/g-SS/d,respectively,at influent CIP concentration of 500μg/L.In addition,extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)also played an important role on CIP migration and removal in both types of sludge.Further study was conducted to specify the different adsorption of CIP in these two sludge systems from the perspective of sludge properties.The results indicated that there are more potential adsorption sites exist on the SRB-mediated sludge for CIP adsorption than SOB-mediated sludge since the higher protein(PN)content and more kinds of aromatic amino acid substances in EPS,more negative zeta-potential and stronger and more numbers of functional groups in SRB-mediated sludge compared to SOB-mediated sludge.The findings of this study provide insights into the sludge properties affecting CIP removal in sulfur-mediated bioprocesses,and are of guiding significance to employ sulfur-mediated biological systems for treating CIP-containing wastewaters.展开更多
To biologically inhibit the production of highly toxic sulfide in the aquaculture area,one bacterium,designated as Hydrogenovibrio thermophilus strain TT,was isolated from sediment in Jiaozhou Bay,China.The strain was...To biologically inhibit the production of highly toxic sulfide in the aquaculture area,one bacterium,designated as Hydrogenovibrio thermophilus strain TT,was isolated from sediment in Jiaozhou Bay,China.The strain was found to be microaerobic mixtrophic,employing both carbon dioxide and organic carbons,e.g.citrate,lactate,glucose,and peptone as carbon sources.When it oxidized the sulfide and thiosulfate,oxygen was the optimal electron acceptor,followed by nitrite and nitrate,which benefited to removal of sulfide under low-oxygen mariculture environment.In addition,the strain TT exhibited remarkable tolerance of sulfide and thiosulfate in seawater,and it was able to oxidize 18.52 mmol L^-1 S^2-in 12 h or 45 mmol L^-1 S2O3^2-in 24 h at initial pH 7.0-9.0,30-40℃.Therefore,this strain showed a quite promising application for biological remediation of sulfide-contaminated mariculture system.展开更多
Fertile chicken eggs were used as an alternative model for large animals to evaluate suspect toxic dietary ingredients for fetal loss disorders associated with mare reproductive loss syndrome(MRLS) and fetal losses in...Fertile chicken eggs were used as an alternative model for large animals to evaluate suspect toxic dietary ingredients for fetal loss disorders associated with mare reproductive loss syndrome(MRLS) and fetal losses in other livestock.Nitrate,ammonia,and sulfate may react with proteinaceous compounds to enable the formation of abiotic pathogenic nanoparticles which were constant findings in pathognomonic placental lesions associated with non-infectious fetal losses of previously unknown etiology in mares,chickens and other livestock.The pathogenic nanoparticles may be produced naturally by toxic elements associated with air pollution that affect pasture forages or crops,uninte ntionally by reactions of these elements in protein-mineral mixes in dietary rations,or endogenously within tissues of fetuses and adult animals.The nanoparticles may form niduses in small vessels and predispose animals to a host of secondary opportunistic diseases affecting the reproductive,respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts of animals.The newly recognized abiotic pathogenic micro and nanoparticles are associated with MRLS.The discovery of the pathogenic nanoparticles led to the identification of nitrate,ammonium,and sulfur,in the form of sulfate,that seemingly enable the formation of the pathogenic nanoparticles in embryonic and fetal tissues.展开更多
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51878231)。
文摘Sulfur-driven autotrophic denitrification(SDAD),a process suited for the treatment of nitrogen and sulfur-polluted wastewater without extra supplement of organic carbon,is a promising biological nitrogen removal process.However,the SDAD process was affected by many factors such as various electron donors,organic carbon and exogenous substances(e.g.,antibiotics and heavy metal),which prevent further application.Thus,we conducted a detailed review of previous studies on such influence factors and its current application.Besides,a comparative analysis was adopted to recognize the current challenges and future needs for feasible application,so as to ultimately perfect the SDAD process and extend its application scope.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21076090,21276099)the Specialized Research Found for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No.20120172120045)
文摘Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria （SOB） are the main microorganisms that participate in the natural sulfur cycle. To obtain SOBwith high sulfur-oxidizing ability under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, aerobic and anaerobic enrichmentswere carried out. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） profiles showed that the microbial community changed according to the thiosulfate utilizationduring enrichments, and Rhodopseudomonas and Halothiobacilluswere the predominant bacteria in anaerobic enrichment and aerobic enrichment, respectively,which mainly contributed to the thiosulfate oxidization in the enrichments. Based on the enriched cultures, six isolateswere isolated from the aerobic enrichment and four isolateswere obtained from the anaerobic enrichment. Phylogenetic analysis suggested the 16S rRNA gene of isolates belonged to the genus Acinetobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Pseudomonas, Halothiobacillus,0chrobactrum, Paracoccus, Thiobacillus, and Alcaligenes, respectively. The tests suggested isolates related to Halothiobacillus and Rhodopseudomonas had the highest thiosulfate oxidizing ability under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, respectively; Paracoccus and Alcaligenes could aerobically and anaerobically oxidize thiosulfate. Based on the DGGE and thiosulfate oxidizing ability analysis, Rhodopseudomonas and Halothiobacilluswere found to be the main SOB in the sulfide-removing reactor, andwere responsible for the sulfur-oxidizing in the treatment system.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51478456 and 51308527)
文摘Sulfur dioxide（SO_2） and benzene homologs are frequently present in the off-gas during the process of sewage sludge drying. A laboratory scale biofilter was set up to co-treat SO_2 and o-xylene in the present study. SO_2 and o-xylene could be removed simultaneously in a single biofilter. Their concentration ratio in the inlet stream influenced the removal efficiencies. It is worth noting that the removal of SO_2 could be enhanced when low concentrations of o-xylene were introduced into the biofilter. Pseudomonas sp., Paenibacillus sp., and Bacillus sp. were the main functional bacteria groups in the biofilter. Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria（SOB） and o-xylene-degrading bacteria（XB） thrived in the biofilter and their counts as well as their growth rate increased with the increase in amount of SO2 and o-xylene supplied. The microbial populations differed in counts and species due to the properties and components of the compounds being treated in the biofilter. The presence of mixed substrates enhanced the diversity of the microbial population. During the treatment process, bioaerosols including potentially pathogenic bacteria, e.g., Acinetobacter lwoffii and Aeromonas sp., were emitted from the biofilter. Further investigation is needed to focus on the potential hazards caused by the bioaerosols emitted from waste gas treatment bioreactors.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52278269, 52278268, 52178264, 52108238)Tianjin Outstanding Young Scholars Science Fund Project (No. 22JCJQJC00020)State Key Laboratory of Green Building Materials Open Foundation (No. 2021GBM08)。
文摘To explore the role of biofilm formation on the corrosion of marine concrete structures, we investigated the attachment of biofilm on mortar surfaces in simulated seawater and the influence of biofilm on the microstructure of mortar surfaces. The results show that the evolution of biofilm on mortar surfaces in simulated seawater is closely related to the corrosion suffered by the mortar, and the process of biofilm attachment and shedding is continuous and cyclical. It is found that the specimens in the absence of biofilm attachment are more severely eroded internally by the corrosive medium in simulated seawater than those in the presence of biofilm attachment. For the specimens without biofilm attachment, after 60 days, gypsum forms,and after 120 days, the number of pores in the mortar is reduced. In contrast, for the specimens in the presence of biofilm attachment, gypsum could only be detected after 90 days, and fewer pores are filled. Therefore, the formation of biofilm could delay the invasion of the corrosive medium into the interior of mortar during the evolution of biofilm on mortar surfaces, mitigating the corrosion of mortars in seawater.
基金Project(42476209)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2023GXNSFBA026252)supported by the Youth Science Foundation of Guangxi Province,China+2 种基金Project(ZR2023MD024)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,ChinaProject(JC22022104)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Nantong,ChinaProject(2023VEA0007)supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences President’s International Fellowship Initiative。
文摘The corrosion behavior of the acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing microorganism(ASOM)Acidithiobacillusthiooxidans(A.thiooxidans)on mortar was investigated for changes of medium and mortar,as well as for weight lossand surface morphology of mortar specimens.Weight loss analysis showed that mortar weight was reduced by(15.1±2.2)%after 56 d.Morphological surface analysis of mortar specimens showed weakly structured fibrous substances with2−100μm in size.The pH variations of the mortar surface and medium indicated that biogenic sulfuric acid had beenproduced by A.thiooxidans.The results prove that A.thiooxidans accelerated concrete corrosion and caused concretefailure.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51922110 and 51778643)。
文摘The removal of ciprofloxacin(CIP)in sulfur-mediated bio processes,e.g.,sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB)-mediated process and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria(SOB)-mediated process,was examined for the first time.The results showed that the SRB-mediated process had more efficient CIP removal than that in SOB-mediated process.Adsorption was the primary removal pathway of CIP in SRB-mediated process and SOB-mediated process with the specific adsorption removal rate of 131.4±1.1μg/g-SS/d and30.1±1.4μg/g-SS/d,respectively,at influent CIP concentration of 500μg/L.In addition,extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)also played an important role on CIP migration and removal in both types of sludge.Further study was conducted to specify the different adsorption of CIP in these two sludge systems from the perspective of sludge properties.The results indicated that there are more potential adsorption sites exist on the SRB-mediated sludge for CIP adsorption than SOB-mediated sludge since the higher protein(PN)content and more kinds of aromatic amino acid substances in EPS,more negative zeta-potential and stronger and more numbers of functional groups in SRB-mediated sludge compared to SOB-mediated sludge.The findings of this study provide insights into the sludge properties affecting CIP removal in sulfur-mediated bioprocesses,and are of guiding significance to employ sulfur-mediated biological systems for treating CIP-containing wastewaters.
基金financially supported by the Shandong Province Science and the Technology Research Projects (No. 2016GSF115004)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 201964004)
文摘To biologically inhibit the production of highly toxic sulfide in the aquaculture area,one bacterium,designated as Hydrogenovibrio thermophilus strain TT,was isolated from sediment in Jiaozhou Bay,China.The strain was found to be microaerobic mixtrophic,employing both carbon dioxide and organic carbons,e.g.citrate,lactate,glucose,and peptone as carbon sources.When it oxidized the sulfide and thiosulfate,oxygen was the optimal electron acceptor,followed by nitrite and nitrate,which benefited to removal of sulfide under low-oxygen mariculture environment.In addition,the strain TT exhibited remarkable tolerance of sulfide and thiosulfate in seawater,and it was able to oxidize 18.52 mmol L^-1 S^2-in 12 h or 45 mmol L^-1 S2O3^2-in 24 h at initial pH 7.0-9.0,30-40℃.Therefore,this strain showed a quite promising application for biological remediation of sulfide-contaminated mariculture system.
基金supported in part by the Hatch project No.KY014039the Department of Veterinary Science,University of Kentucky,Lexington,KY
文摘Fertile chicken eggs were used as an alternative model for large animals to evaluate suspect toxic dietary ingredients for fetal loss disorders associated with mare reproductive loss syndrome(MRLS) and fetal losses in other livestock.Nitrate,ammonia,and sulfate may react with proteinaceous compounds to enable the formation of abiotic pathogenic nanoparticles which were constant findings in pathognomonic placental lesions associated with non-infectious fetal losses of previously unknown etiology in mares,chickens and other livestock.The pathogenic nanoparticles may be produced naturally by toxic elements associated with air pollution that affect pasture forages or crops,uninte ntionally by reactions of these elements in protein-mineral mixes in dietary rations,or endogenously within tissues of fetuses and adult animals.The nanoparticles may form niduses in small vessels and predispose animals to a host of secondary opportunistic diseases affecting the reproductive,respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts of animals.The newly recognized abiotic pathogenic micro and nanoparticles are associated with MRLS.The discovery of the pathogenic nanoparticles led to the identification of nitrate,ammonium,and sulfur,in the form of sulfate,that seemingly enable the formation of the pathogenic nanoparticles in embryonic and fetal tissues.
