目的:观察青藤碱(SIN)联合甲氨蝶呤(MTX)治疗早期类风湿关节炎(RA)的疗效及对患者血清基质金属蛋白酶3(MMP-3)、核因子-κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)/骨保护素(OPG)表达的影响。方法:纳入68例早期RA患者,按照随机数字表分为治疗组和对照...目的:观察青藤碱(SIN)联合甲氨蝶呤(MTX)治疗早期类风湿关节炎(RA)的疗效及对患者血清基质金属蛋白酶3(MMP-3)、核因子-κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)/骨保护素(OPG)表达的影响。方法:纳入68例早期RA患者,按照随机数字表分为治疗组和对照组,每组各34例。对照组患者给予MTX治疗,治疗组患者给予MTX联合SIN治疗,两组疗程均为12周。采用美国风湿病学会(American College of Rheumatology,ACR)20、50、70标准评价两组患者的临床疗效,检测患者的类风湿因子(RF)、血沉(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)及血清MMP-3、OPG、RANKL表达水平。结果:治疗后,治疗组的ACR 20、50、70达标率分别为76.7%、40.0%、3.3%,对照组分别为34.5%、20.7%、6.9%,治疗组的ACR 20达标率显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗后,治疗组患者的RF、ESR、CRP水平均降低(P<0.01),对照组患者的RF、ESR、CRP水平与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);且两组患者的ESR、CRP、RF水平治疗前后差值比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),治疗组患者上述指标的改善优于对照组。治疗后,治疗组患者的MMP-3、RANKL水平降低(P<0.01,P<0.05),OPG水平和OPG/RANKL比值升高(P<0.01,P<0.05);对照组患者的MMP-3水平亦降低(P<0.05);且两组患者的OPG、RANKL水平及OPG/RANKL比值治疗前后差值比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05),治疗组患者上述指标的改善优于对照组。结论:SIN联合MTX可改善早期RA患者的临床症状,调控MMP-3及RANKL/OPG系统,这可能是其抑制骨侵蚀、促进骨保护的机制之一。展开更多
Osteoporosis has become a serious health problem throughout the world which is associated with an increased risk of bone fractures and mortality among the people of middle to old ages.Diabetes is also a major health p...Osteoporosis has become a serious health problem throughout the world which is associated with an increased risk of bone fractures and mortality among the people of middle to old ages.Diabetes is also a major health problem among the people of all age ranges and the sufferers due to this abnormality increasing day by day.The aim of this review is to summarize the possible mechanisms through which diabetes may induce osteoporosis.Diabetes mellitus generally exerts its effect on different parts of the body including bone cells specially the osteoblast and osteoclast,muscles,retina of the eyes,adipose tissue,endocrine system specially parathyroid hormone(PTH) and estrogen,cytokines,nervous system and digestive system.Diabetes negatively regulates osteoblast differentiation and function while positively regulates osteoclast differentiation and function through the regulation of different intermediate factors and thereby decreases bone formation while increases bone resorption.Some factors such as diabetic neuropathy,reactive oxygen species,Vitamin D,PTH have their effects on muscle cells.Diabetes decreases the muscle strength through regulating these factors in various ways and ultimately increases the risk of fall that may cause bone fractures.展开更多
After it was suggested 30 years ago that the osteoblast lineage controlled the formation of osteoclasts, methods were developed that established this to be the case, but the molecular controls were elusive. Over more ...After it was suggested 30 years ago that the osteoblast lineage controlled the formation of osteoclasts, methods were developed that established this to be the case, but the molecular controls were elusive. Over more than a decade much evidence was obtained for signaling mechanisms that regulated the production of a membrane- bound regulator of osteoclastogenesis, in the course of which intercellular communication in bone was revealed in its complexity. The discovery of regulation by tumor necrosis factor ligand and receptor families was made in the last few years of the twentieth century, leading since then to a new physiology of bone, and to exciting drug development.展开更多
目的探讨含补肾中药骨灵片大鼠血清对人成骨细胞功能和对p38活化原蛋白激酶通路的影响。方法取人髂骨松质骨,采用改良胰酶-胶原酶消化法分离培养人成骨细胞;根据血清药理学的方法制备不同浓度(低、中、高剂量)的骨灵片血清,并以生理盐...目的探讨含补肾中药骨灵片大鼠血清对人成骨细胞功能和对p38活化原蛋白激酶通路的影响。方法取人髂骨松质骨,采用改良胰酶-胶原酶消化法分离培养人成骨细胞;根据血清药理学的方法制备不同浓度(低、中、高剂量)的骨灵片血清,并以生理盐水处理的大鼠血清为阴性对照,将制备好的血清加入第二代的人成骨细胞培养液中培养。采用Western-blot及Real time RT-PCR的方法观察各组成骨细胞护骨素和护骨素配体基因表达和磷酸化p38含量,用MTT法测定各组成骨细胞增殖率,利用茜素红染色法测定矿化结节形成的数量。结果含骨灵片(低、中、高剂量)药液血清处理的大鼠血清均能上调成骨细胞护骨素基因表达,下调护骨素配体基因表达,刺激成骨细胞的增殖,增加矿化结节形成的数量,刺激p38磷酸化。结论补肾中药骨灵片可能通过p38活化原蛋白激酶通路调控护骨素以及护骨素配体的表达,促进成骨细胞增殖以及矿化结节形成,抑制骨破坏,维持骨平衡。展开更多
Concomitantly with the increase in the prevalences of overweight/obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) has worldwide become the main cause of chronic liver disease in both adults and children. Patients with...Concomitantly with the increase in the prevalences of overweight/obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) has worldwide become the main cause of chronic liver disease in both adults and children. Patients with fatty liver display features of metabolic syndrome(Met S), like insulin resistance(IR), glucose intolerance, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Recently, epidemiological studies have linked obesity, Met S, and NAFLD to decreased bone mineral density and osteoporosis, highlighting an intricate interplay among bone, adipose tissue, and liver. Osteoprotegerin(OPG), an important symbol of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-B ligand/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B/OPG system activation, typically considered for its role in bone metabolism, may also play critical roles in the initiation and perpetuation of obesityrelated comorbidities. Clinical data have indicated that OPG concentrations are associated with hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, vascular calcification, endothelial dysfunction, and severity of liver damage in chronic hepatitis C. Nonetheless, the relationship between circulating OPG and IR as a key feature of Met S as well as between OPG and NAFLD remains uncertain. Thus, the aims of the present review are to provide the existent knowledge on these associations and to discuss briefly the underlying mechanisms linking OPG and NAFLD.展开更多
Objective： To study the mechanism of Huogu I Formula （活骨I方） in treating osteonecrosis of femoral head. Methods： Forty-eight healthy female Leghorn chickens were randomly divided into control group, model group ...Objective： To study the mechanism of Huogu I Formula （活骨I方） in treating osteonecrosis of femoral head. Methods： Forty-eight healthy female Leghorn chickens were randomly divided into control group, model group and Huogu I group, and each group consisted of 16 chickens. At the meantime of model establishment, chickens of the Huogu I group were administrated with decoction, while the model and control group with distilled water by gavage. At the 8th and 16th week after medication, blood samples were obtained for blood lipid detection while both sides of femoral head were harvested for the rest of examinations. Specifically, expressions of bone morphogenetic protein-2 （BMP2）, transforming growth factor beta1 （TGFβ1）, Smad4 and Smad7 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, while expression of osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand （OPG/RANKL） mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization. Results： Compared with the control group, serum levels of total cholesterol （TG）, triglyceride （TG） and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） in the model group rose significantly. Positive cell counting of BMP2, TGF 131, Smad4 and OPG in femoral head of the model group dropped prominently. Positive cell counting of Smad7 and RANKL increased dramatically. In contrast with the model group, levels of TC, TG and LDL-C in Huogu I group reduced significantly. Positive cell counting of BMP2, TGFβ1, Smad4 and OPG in femoral head of the Huogu I group increased prominently. Indices of Smad7 and RANKL both decreased significantly. Especially at the 8th week, these variations were more significant. Conclusion： Huogu I Formula is effective in promoting repair of necrotic femoral head by regulating the expressions of BMP2, TGFβ1, Smads and OPG/RANKL of osteoclast in femoral head.展开更多
Background： Osteoporosis is a common complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. Recent clinical and biological researches have increasingly delineated the biomolecular pathways of bone metabolism...Background： Osteoporosis is a common complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. Recent clinical and biological researches have increasingly delineated the biomolecular pathways of bone metabolism regulation in COPD. We extended this work by examining the specific association and potential contribution of the osteoprotegerin （OPG）/receptor activator of nuclear factor-riB ligand （RANKL） axis to the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in advanced COPD. The aim of this study was to assess the relationships of serum OPG, RANKL, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-a） with bone turnover in men with very severe COPD. Methods： Pulmonary function, T-score at the lumbar spine （LS） and femoral neck （FN）, serum OPG, RANKL, soluble receptor of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-1 and 11 （sTNFR-I, sTNFR-II）, osteocalcin （OC）, and β-CrossLaps （βCL） levels were measured in 45 men with very severe stage COPD and 36 male non-COPD volunteers. COPD patients and healthy controls were compared using all independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test. The Pearson coefficient was used to assess the relationships between variables. Results： OPG and OC were lower in male COPD patients than in control subjects whereas RANKL, serum ~CL, TN F-o~, and its receptors were higher. OPG directly correlated with forced expiratory volume in I s （FEVI） % predicted （r = 0.46, P 〈 0.005）, OC （r= 0.34, P 〈 0.05）, LS （I.= 0.56, P 〈 0.001 ）, and FN T-score （r= 0.47, P 〈 0.01 ）. In contrast, serum RANKL inversely associated with LS and FN T-score （r = -0.62, P 〈 0.001 and r = -0.48, P 〈 0.001 ） but directly correlated with [3CL （r = 0.48, P 〈 0.001 ）. In addition, OPG was inversely correlated with RANKL （r = -0.39, P 〈 0.01 ）, TNF-a （r = -0.56, P 〈 0.001 ）, and sTNFR-I （r = -0.40, P 〈 0.01 ）. Conelusion： Our results suggest that serum OPG and RANKL levels are inversely associated with bone loss in men with advanced stage COPD.展开更多
文摘目的:观察青藤碱(SIN)联合甲氨蝶呤(MTX)治疗早期类风湿关节炎(RA)的疗效及对患者血清基质金属蛋白酶3(MMP-3)、核因子-κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)/骨保护素(OPG)表达的影响。方法:纳入68例早期RA患者,按照随机数字表分为治疗组和对照组,每组各34例。对照组患者给予MTX治疗,治疗组患者给予MTX联合SIN治疗,两组疗程均为12周。采用美国风湿病学会(American College of Rheumatology,ACR)20、50、70标准评价两组患者的临床疗效,检测患者的类风湿因子(RF)、血沉(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)及血清MMP-3、OPG、RANKL表达水平。结果:治疗后,治疗组的ACR 20、50、70达标率分别为76.7%、40.0%、3.3%,对照组分别为34.5%、20.7%、6.9%,治疗组的ACR 20达标率显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗后,治疗组患者的RF、ESR、CRP水平均降低(P<0.01),对照组患者的RF、ESR、CRP水平与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);且两组患者的ESR、CRP、RF水平治疗前后差值比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),治疗组患者上述指标的改善优于对照组。治疗后,治疗组患者的MMP-3、RANKL水平降低(P<0.01,P<0.05),OPG水平和OPG/RANKL比值升高(P<0.01,P<0.05);对照组患者的MMP-3水平亦降低(P<0.05);且两组患者的OPG、RANKL水平及OPG/RANKL比值治疗前后差值比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05),治疗组患者上述指标的改善优于对照组。结论:SIN联合MTX可改善早期RA患者的临床症状,调控MMP-3及RANKL/OPG系统,这可能是其抑制骨侵蚀、促进骨保护的机制之一。
文摘Osteoporosis has become a serious health problem throughout the world which is associated with an increased risk of bone fractures and mortality among the people of middle to old ages.Diabetes is also a major health problem among the people of all age ranges and the sufferers due to this abnormality increasing day by day.The aim of this review is to summarize the possible mechanisms through which diabetes may induce osteoporosis.Diabetes mellitus generally exerts its effect on different parts of the body including bone cells specially the osteoblast and osteoclast,muscles,retina of the eyes,adipose tissue,endocrine system specially parathyroid hormone(PTH) and estrogen,cytokines,nervous system and digestive system.Diabetes negatively regulates osteoblast differentiation and function while positively regulates osteoclast differentiation and function through the regulation of different intermediate factors and thereby decreases bone formation while increases bone resorption.Some factors such as diabetic neuropathy,reactive oxygen species,Vitamin D,PTH have their effects on muscle cells.Diabetes decreases the muscle strength through regulating these factors in various ways and ultimately increases the risk of fall that may cause bone fractures.
基金Supported by The National Health and Medical Research Council(Australia)the Victorian Government OIS Program
文摘After it was suggested 30 years ago that the osteoblast lineage controlled the formation of osteoclasts, methods were developed that established this to be the case, but the molecular controls were elusive. Over more than a decade much evidence was obtained for signaling mechanisms that regulated the production of a membrane- bound regulator of osteoclastogenesis, in the course of which intercellular communication in bone was revealed in its complexity. The discovery of regulation by tumor necrosis factor ligand and receptor families was made in the last few years of the twentieth century, leading since then to a new physiology of bone, and to exciting drug development.
文摘目的探讨含补肾中药骨灵片大鼠血清对人成骨细胞功能和对p38活化原蛋白激酶通路的影响。方法取人髂骨松质骨,采用改良胰酶-胶原酶消化法分离培养人成骨细胞;根据血清药理学的方法制备不同浓度(低、中、高剂量)的骨灵片血清,并以生理盐水处理的大鼠血清为阴性对照,将制备好的血清加入第二代的人成骨细胞培养液中培养。采用Western-blot及Real time RT-PCR的方法观察各组成骨细胞护骨素和护骨素配体基因表达和磷酸化p38含量,用MTT法测定各组成骨细胞增殖率,利用茜素红染色法测定矿化结节形成的数量。结果含骨灵片(低、中、高剂量)药液血清处理的大鼠血清均能上调成骨细胞护骨素基因表达,下调护骨素配体基因表达,刺激成骨细胞的增殖,增加矿化结节形成的数量,刺激p38磷酸化。结论补肾中药骨灵片可能通过p38活化原蛋白激酶通路调控护骨素以及护骨素配体的表达,促进成骨细胞增殖以及矿化结节形成,抑制骨破坏,维持骨平衡。
文摘Concomitantly with the increase in the prevalences of overweight/obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) has worldwide become the main cause of chronic liver disease in both adults and children. Patients with fatty liver display features of metabolic syndrome(Met S), like insulin resistance(IR), glucose intolerance, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Recently, epidemiological studies have linked obesity, Met S, and NAFLD to decreased bone mineral density and osteoporosis, highlighting an intricate interplay among bone, adipose tissue, and liver. Osteoprotegerin(OPG), an important symbol of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-B ligand/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B/OPG system activation, typically considered for its role in bone metabolism, may also play critical roles in the initiation and perpetuation of obesityrelated comorbidities. Clinical data have indicated that OPG concentrations are associated with hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, vascular calcification, endothelial dysfunction, and severity of liver damage in chronic hepatitis C. Nonetheless, the relationship between circulating OPG and IR as a key feature of Met S as well as between OPG and NAFLD remains uncertain. Thus, the aims of the present review are to provide the existent knowledge on these associations and to discuss briefly the underlying mechanisms linking OPG and NAFLD.
基金Supported by the National Natural Foundation of China(No. 81173417 and 30472131)
文摘Objective： To study the mechanism of Huogu I Formula （活骨I方） in treating osteonecrosis of femoral head. Methods： Forty-eight healthy female Leghorn chickens were randomly divided into control group, model group and Huogu I group, and each group consisted of 16 chickens. At the meantime of model establishment, chickens of the Huogu I group were administrated with decoction, while the model and control group with distilled water by gavage. At the 8th and 16th week after medication, blood samples were obtained for blood lipid detection while both sides of femoral head were harvested for the rest of examinations. Specifically, expressions of bone morphogenetic protein-2 （BMP2）, transforming growth factor beta1 （TGFβ1）, Smad4 and Smad7 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, while expression of osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand （OPG/RANKL） mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization. Results： Compared with the control group, serum levels of total cholesterol （TG）, triglyceride （TG） and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） in the model group rose significantly. Positive cell counting of BMP2, TGF 131, Smad4 and OPG in femoral head of the model group dropped prominently. Positive cell counting of Smad7 and RANKL increased dramatically. In contrast with the model group, levels of TC, TG and LDL-C in Huogu I group reduced significantly. Positive cell counting of BMP2, TGFβ1, Smad4 and OPG in femoral head of the Huogu I group increased prominently. Indices of Smad7 and RANKL both decreased significantly. Especially at the 8th week, these variations were more significant. Conclusion： Huogu I Formula is effective in promoting repair of necrotic femoral head by regulating the expressions of BMP2, TGFβ1, Smads and OPG/RANKL of osteoclast in femoral head.
文摘Background： Osteoporosis is a common complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. Recent clinical and biological researches have increasingly delineated the biomolecular pathways of bone metabolism regulation in COPD. We extended this work by examining the specific association and potential contribution of the osteoprotegerin （OPG）/receptor activator of nuclear factor-riB ligand （RANKL） axis to the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in advanced COPD. The aim of this study was to assess the relationships of serum OPG, RANKL, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-a） with bone turnover in men with very severe COPD. Methods： Pulmonary function, T-score at the lumbar spine （LS） and femoral neck （FN）, serum OPG, RANKL, soluble receptor of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-1 and 11 （sTNFR-I, sTNFR-II）, osteocalcin （OC）, and β-CrossLaps （βCL） levels were measured in 45 men with very severe stage COPD and 36 male non-COPD volunteers. COPD patients and healthy controls were compared using all independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test. The Pearson coefficient was used to assess the relationships between variables. Results： OPG and OC were lower in male COPD patients than in control subjects whereas RANKL, serum ~CL, TN F-o~, and its receptors were higher. OPG directly correlated with forced expiratory volume in I s （FEVI） % predicted （r = 0.46, P 〈 0.005）, OC （r= 0.34, P 〈 0.05）, LS （I.= 0.56, P 〈 0.001 ）, and FN T-score （r= 0.47, P 〈 0.01 ）. In contrast, serum RANKL inversely associated with LS and FN T-score （r = -0.62, P 〈 0.001 and r = -0.48, P 〈 0.001 ） but directly correlated with [3CL （r = 0.48, P 〈 0.001 ）. In addition, OPG was inversely correlated with RANKL （r = -0.39, P 〈 0.01 ）, TNF-a （r = -0.56, P 〈 0.001 ）, and sTNFR-I （r = -0.40, P 〈 0.01 ）. Conelusion： Our results suggest that serum OPG and RANKL levels are inversely associated with bone loss in men with advanced stage COPD.
