A rapid,sensitive,and cost-effective analyticalmethod was developed for the analysis of selected semivolatileorganic compounds in water.The method used anautomated online solid-phase extraction technique coupledwith p...A rapid,sensitive,and cost-effective analyticalmethod was developed for the analysis of selected semivolatileorganic compounds in water.The method used anautomated online solid-phase extraction technique coupledwith programmed-temperature vaporization large-volumeinjection gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.Thewater samples were extracted by using a fully automatedmobile rack system based on x-y-z robotic techniquesusing syringes and disposable 96-well extraction plates.The method was validated for the analysis of 30 semivolatileanalytes in drinking water,groundwater,andsurface water.For a sample volume of 10 mL,the linearcalibrations ranged from 0.01 or 0.05 to 2.5μg·L^(-1),and themethod detection limits were less than 0.1μg·L^(-1).For thereagent water samples fortified at 1.0μg·L^(-1)and2.0μg·L^(-1),the obtained mean absolute recoveries were70%-130%with relative standard deviations of less than20%for most analytes.For the drinking water,groundwater,and surface water samples fortified at 1.0μg·L^(-1),theobtained mean absolute recoveries were 50%-130%withrelative standard deviations of less than 20%for mostanalytes.The new method demonstrated three advantages:1)no manipulation except the fortification of surrogatestandards prior to extraction;2)significant cost reductionassociated with sample collection,shipping,storage,andpreparation;and 3)reduced exposure to hazardous solventsand other chemicals.As a result,this new automatedmethod can be used as an effective approach for screeningand/or compliance monitoring of selected semi-volatileorganic compounds in water.展开更多
为了研究不同的风量条件对煤自燃极限参数的影响,采用煤自燃程序升温实验系统,测试了5种不同风量条件下煤样的耗氧速率、CO产生率、CO_2产生率和放热强度,在此基础上计算煤自燃极限参数并分析其变化规律。实验结果表明:不同的供风量导...为了研究不同的风量条件对煤自燃极限参数的影响,采用煤自燃程序升温实验系统,测试了5种不同风量条件下煤样的耗氧速率、CO产生率、CO_2产生率和放热强度,在此基础上计算煤自燃极限参数并分析其变化规律。实验结果表明:不同的供风量导致煤体的氧化放热强度不同,在风量为60 m L/min的情况下煤体放热强度最大;煤自燃极限参数随风量的变化可以分为2个阶段:风量在40 m L/min之前,煤样的最小浮煤厚度和下限氧浓度均随风量的增加而减小,煤样的上限漏风强度随风量的增加而增加。风量在40 m L/min之后,最小浮煤厚度和下限氧浓度随风量的增加近似呈线性增加,上限漏风强度随风量的增加近似呈线性减小,说明在井下开采过程中要注意风量的调节,使煤的自燃极限参数向不利于煤自燃的方向发展。展开更多
基金The authors thank LEAP Technologies(Carrboro,NC,USA)for providing the technical support of the automated solid-phase extraction system.
文摘A rapid,sensitive,and cost-effective analyticalmethod was developed for the analysis of selected semivolatileorganic compounds in water.The method used anautomated online solid-phase extraction technique coupledwith programmed-temperature vaporization large-volumeinjection gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.Thewater samples were extracted by using a fully automatedmobile rack system based on x-y-z robotic techniquesusing syringes and disposable 96-well extraction plates.The method was validated for the analysis of 30 semivolatileanalytes in drinking water,groundwater,andsurface water.For a sample volume of 10 mL,the linearcalibrations ranged from 0.01 or 0.05 to 2.5μg·L^(-1),and themethod detection limits were less than 0.1μg·L^(-1).For thereagent water samples fortified at 1.0μg·L^(-1)and2.0μg·L^(-1),the obtained mean absolute recoveries were70%-130%with relative standard deviations of less than20%for most analytes.For the drinking water,groundwater,and surface water samples fortified at 1.0μg·L^(-1),theobtained mean absolute recoveries were 50%-130%withrelative standard deviations of less than 20%for mostanalytes.The new method demonstrated three advantages:1)no manipulation except the fortification of surrogatestandards prior to extraction;2)significant cost reductionassociated with sample collection,shipping,storage,andpreparation;and 3)reduced exposure to hazardous solventsand other chemicals.As a result,this new automatedmethod can be used as an effective approach for screeningand/or compliance monitoring of selected semi-volatileorganic compounds in water.
文摘为了研究不同的风量条件对煤自燃极限参数的影响,采用煤自燃程序升温实验系统,测试了5种不同风量条件下煤样的耗氧速率、CO产生率、CO_2产生率和放热强度,在此基础上计算煤自燃极限参数并分析其变化规律。实验结果表明:不同的供风量导致煤体的氧化放热强度不同,在风量为60 m L/min的情况下煤体放热强度最大;煤自燃极限参数随风量的变化可以分为2个阶段:风量在40 m L/min之前,煤样的最小浮煤厚度和下限氧浓度均随风量的增加而减小,煤样的上限漏风强度随风量的增加而增加。风量在40 m L/min之后,最小浮煤厚度和下限氧浓度随风量的增加近似呈线性增加,上限漏风强度随风量的增加近似呈线性减小,说明在井下开采过程中要注意风量的调节,使煤的自燃极限参数向不利于煤自燃的方向发展。
