BACKGROUND： Previous studies have shown that propofol enhances proliferation of cultured hippocampal precursor cells in vitro and increases proliferation of cultured hippocampal precursor cells inhibited by corticost...BACKGROUND： Previous studies have shown that propofol enhances proliferation of cultured hippocampal precursor cells in vitro and increases proliferation of cultured hippocampal precursor cells inhibited by corticosterone. Because gamma-aminobutyric acid A （GABA-A） receptor is the functional target for propofol, the proliferative effects of propofol are thought to take place through GABA-A receptor. OBJECTIVE： To determine whether propofol enhances proliferation of rat hippocampal precursor cells inhibited by corticosterone by upregulating expression of GABA-A receptor. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A comparative, observational, in vitro experiment was performed at the Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology from April 2005 to April 2006. MATERIALS： Propofol was purchased from AstraZeneca, italy; corticosterone was purchased from Sigma, USA; bicuculline was purchased from Alexis, Switzerland. METHODS： Hippocampal precursor cells were isolated from newborn Wistar rats and cultured in vitro. The second passage of precursor cells was grouped according to the various drugs added to the culture medium： 0.5 μmol/L propofol; 2.5 pmol/L propofol; 100 μmol/L corticosterone; 10 μmol/L bicuculline; 100 μmol/L corticosterone and 0.5 μmol/L propofol; 100 μmol/L corticosterone and 2.5 μmol/L propofol; 100 μmol/L corticosterone, 10 μmol/L bicuculline, and 0.5 μmol/L propofol; 100 μmol/L corticosterone, 10 μmol/L bicuculline, and 2.5 μmol/L propofol; 100 μmol/L corticosterone and 10 pmol/L bicuculline. The cells were cultured for 24 hours with medium containing the respective concentration of drug. The control group consisted of precursor cells absent of drug treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The MTT and ^3H-TdR incorporation assays were used to detect proliferative effects of propofol and bicuculline on cultured rat hippocampal precursor cells inhibited by corticosterone. Immunocytochemistry was used to detect GABA-A receptor expression. Enzyme-linked irnmunosorbent assay was used to quantif展开更多
目的研究ERK1/2信号通路在左归丸含药血清调控MC3T3-E1细胞基因表达中的作用。方法以倍美力为阳性对照药,对SD♀大鼠灌服高、中、低剂量的左归丸混悬液,d7腹主动脉取血分离含药血清。采用MTT法检测左归丸含药血清和PD98059对MC3T3-E1细...目的研究ERK1/2信号通路在左归丸含药血清调控MC3T3-E1细胞基因表达中的作用。方法以倍美力为阳性对照药,对SD♀大鼠灌服高、中、低剂量的左归丸混悬液,d7腹主动脉取血分离含药血清。采用MTT法检测左归丸含药血清和PD98059对MC3T3-E1细胞增殖作用的影响,采用Western blot法检测ERK1/2蛋白的磷酸化水平及TGF-β1、Smad4蛋白表达,采用Real Time RT-PCR法检测Cbfα1、COLⅠmRNA表达。结果左归丸含药血清和倍美力能促进MC3T3-E1细胞增殖,诱导ERK1/2蛋白的磷酸化,促进TGF-β1、Smad4蛋白分泌,上调其Cbfα1、COLⅠmRNA表达;加入PD98059后MC3T3-E1细胞增殖下降、ERK1/2蛋白的磷酸化水平降低、TGF-β1蛋白表达进一步升高、Smad4蛋白表达降低、Cbfα1、COLⅠmRNA表达下调。结论左归丸能有效促进成骨细胞增殖和分化;左归丸可能是通过发挥雌激素样作用调控了ERK/Smads信号通路,从而达到防治骨质疏松的目的。展开更多
Previous studies have shown that proliferation of endogenous neural precursor cells cannot alone compensate for the damage to neurons and axons. From the perspective of neural plastici- ty, we observed the effects of ...Previous studies have shown that proliferation of endogenous neural precursor cells cannot alone compensate for the damage to neurons and axons. From the perspective of neural plastici- ty, we observed the effects of functional electrical stimulation treatment on endogenous neural precursor cell proliferation and expression of basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor in the rat brain on the infarct side. Functional electrical stimulation was performed in rat models of acute middle cerebral artery occlusion. Simultaneously, we set up a placebo stimulation group and a sham-operated group. Immunohistochemical staining showed that, at 7 and 14 days, compared with the placebo group, the numbers of nestin （a neural precursor cell marker）-positive cells in the subgranular zone and subventricular zone were increased in the functional electrical stimulation treatment group. Western blot assays and reverse-transcription PCR showed that total protein levels and gene expression of epidermal growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor were also upregulated on the infarct side. Prehensile traction test results showed that, at 14 days, prehension function of rats in the functional electrical stimulation group was significantly better than in the placebo group. These results suggest that functional electrical stimulation can promote endogenous neural precursor cell proliferation in the brains of acute cerebral infarction rats, enhance expression of basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor, and improve the motor function of rats.展开更多
Remyelination plays a key role in functional recovery of axons after spinal cord injury.Glial cells are the most abundant cells in the central nervous system.When spinal cord injury occurs,many glial cells at the lesi...Remyelination plays a key role in functional recovery of axons after spinal cord injury.Glial cells are the most abundant cells in the central nervous system.When spinal cord injury occurs,many glial cells at the lesion site are immediately activated,and different cells differentially affect inflammatory reactions after injury.In this review,we aim to discuss the core role of oligodendrocyte precursor cells and crosstalk with the rest of glia and their subcategories in the remyelination process.Activated astrocytes influence proliferation,differentiation,and maturation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells,while activated microglia alter remyelination by regulating the inflammatory reaction after spinal cord injury.Understanding the interaction between oligodendrocyte precursor cells and the rest of glia is necessary when designing a therapeutic plan of remyelination after spinal cord injury.展开更多
基金Supported by: the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30571791
文摘BACKGROUND： Previous studies have shown that propofol enhances proliferation of cultured hippocampal precursor cells in vitro and increases proliferation of cultured hippocampal precursor cells inhibited by corticosterone. Because gamma-aminobutyric acid A （GABA-A） receptor is the functional target for propofol, the proliferative effects of propofol are thought to take place through GABA-A receptor. OBJECTIVE： To determine whether propofol enhances proliferation of rat hippocampal precursor cells inhibited by corticosterone by upregulating expression of GABA-A receptor. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A comparative, observational, in vitro experiment was performed at the Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology from April 2005 to April 2006. MATERIALS： Propofol was purchased from AstraZeneca, italy; corticosterone was purchased from Sigma, USA; bicuculline was purchased from Alexis, Switzerland. METHODS： Hippocampal precursor cells were isolated from newborn Wistar rats and cultured in vitro. The second passage of precursor cells was grouped according to the various drugs added to the culture medium： 0.5 μmol/L propofol; 2.5 pmol/L propofol; 100 μmol/L corticosterone; 10 μmol/L bicuculline; 100 μmol/L corticosterone and 0.5 μmol/L propofol; 100 μmol/L corticosterone and 2.5 μmol/L propofol; 100 μmol/L corticosterone, 10 μmol/L bicuculline, and 0.5 μmol/L propofol; 100 μmol/L corticosterone, 10 μmol/L bicuculline, and 2.5 μmol/L propofol; 100 μmol/L corticosterone and 10 pmol/L bicuculline. The cells were cultured for 24 hours with medium containing the respective concentration of drug. The control group consisted of precursor cells absent of drug treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The MTT and ^3H-TdR incorporation assays were used to detect proliferative effects of propofol and bicuculline on cultured rat hippocampal precursor cells inhibited by corticosterone. Immunocytochemistry was used to detect GABA-A receptor expression. Enzyme-linked irnmunosorbent assay was used to quantif
文摘目的研究ERK1/2信号通路在左归丸含药血清调控MC3T3-E1细胞基因表达中的作用。方法以倍美力为阳性对照药,对SD♀大鼠灌服高、中、低剂量的左归丸混悬液,d7腹主动脉取血分离含药血清。采用MTT法检测左归丸含药血清和PD98059对MC3T3-E1细胞增殖作用的影响,采用Western blot法检测ERK1/2蛋白的磷酸化水平及TGF-β1、Smad4蛋白表达,采用Real Time RT-PCR法检测Cbfα1、COLⅠmRNA表达。结果左归丸含药血清和倍美力能促进MC3T3-E1细胞增殖,诱导ERK1/2蛋白的磷酸化,促进TGF-β1、Smad4蛋白分泌,上调其Cbfα1、COLⅠmRNA表达;加入PD98059后MC3T3-E1细胞增殖下降、ERK1/2蛋白的磷酸化水平降低、TGF-β1蛋白表达进一步升高、Smad4蛋白表达降低、Cbfα1、COLⅠmRNA表达下调。结论左归丸能有效促进成骨细胞增殖和分化;左归丸可能是通过发挥雌激素样作用调控了ERK/Smads信号通路,从而达到防治骨质疏松的目的。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,grants No.30772304,30973166,and 81171863
文摘Previous studies have shown that proliferation of endogenous neural precursor cells cannot alone compensate for the damage to neurons and axons. From the perspective of neural plastici- ty, we observed the effects of functional electrical stimulation treatment on endogenous neural precursor cell proliferation and expression of basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor in the rat brain on the infarct side. Functional electrical stimulation was performed in rat models of acute middle cerebral artery occlusion. Simultaneously, we set up a placebo stimulation group and a sham-operated group. Immunohistochemical staining showed that, at 7 and 14 days, compared with the placebo group, the numbers of nestin （a neural precursor cell marker）-positive cells in the subgranular zone and subventricular zone were increased in the functional electrical stimulation treatment group. Western blot assays and reverse-transcription PCR showed that total protein levels and gene expression of epidermal growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor were also upregulated on the infarct side. Prehensile traction test results showed that, at 14 days, prehension function of rats in the functional electrical stimulation group was significantly better than in the placebo group. These results suggest that functional electrical stimulation can promote endogenous neural precursor cell proliferation in the brains of acute cerebral infarction rats, enhance expression of basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor, and improve the motor function of rats.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81601957
文摘Remyelination plays a key role in functional recovery of axons after spinal cord injury.Glial cells are the most abundant cells in the central nervous system.When spinal cord injury occurs,many glial cells at the lesion site are immediately activated,and different cells differentially affect inflammatory reactions after injury.In this review,we aim to discuss the core role of oligodendrocyte precursor cells and crosstalk with the rest of glia and their subcategories in the remyelination process.Activated astrocytes influence proliferation,differentiation,and maturation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells,while activated microglia alter remyelination by regulating the inflammatory reaction after spinal cord injury.Understanding the interaction between oligodendrocyte precursor cells and the rest of glia is necessary when designing a therapeutic plan of remyelination after spinal cord injury.
