Aims While using phylogenetic and functional approaches to test the mechanisms of community assembly,functional traits often act as the proxy of niches.However,there is little detailed knowledge regarding the correlat...Aims While using phylogenetic and functional approaches to test the mechanisms of community assembly,functional traits often act as the proxy of niches.However,there is little detailed knowledge regarding the correlation between functional traits of tree species and their niches in local communities.We suggest that the co-varying correlation between functional traits and niches should be the premise for using phylogenetic and functional approaches to test mechanisms of community assembly.Using functional traits,phylogenetic and environmental data,this study aims to answer the questions:(i)within local communities,do functional traits of co-occurring species covary with their environmental niches at the species level?and(ii)what is the key ecological process underlying community assembly in Xishuangbanna and Ailaoshan forest dynamic plots(FDPs)?Methods We measured seven functional traits of 229 and 36 common species in Xishuangbanna and Ailaoshan FDPs in tropical and subtropical China,respectively.We also quantified the environmental niches for these species based on conditional probability.We then analyzed the correlations between functional traits and environmental niches using phylogenetic independent contrasts.After examining phylogenetic signals of functional traits using Pagel’sλ,we quantified the phylogenetic and functional dispersion along environmental gradients within local tree communities.Important Findings For target species,functional traits do co-vary with environmental niches at the species level in both of the FDPs,supporting that functional traits can be used as a proxy for local-scale environmental niches.Functional traits show significant phylogenetic signals in both of the FDPs.We found that the phylogenetic and functional dispersion were significantly clustered along topographical gradients in the Ailaoshan FDP but overdispersion in the Xishuangbanna FDP.These patterns of phylogenetic and functional dispersion suggest that environmental filtering plays a key role in structuring local tree 展开更多
本文基于诱致性技术变迁理论分析地块规模约束下的化肥减施逻辑,利用2020年中国乡村振兴综合调查(CRRS)7个省(自治区)的玉米种植户数据,运用两阶段最小二乘法(two-stage least squares regression,2SLS)分析地块规模对化肥投入的影响。...本文基于诱致性技术变迁理论分析地块规模约束下的化肥减施逻辑,利用2020年中国乡村振兴综合调查(CRRS)7个省(自治区)的玉米种植户数据,运用两阶段最小二乘法(two-stage least squares regression,2SLS)分析地块规模对化肥投入的影响。实证结果表明:扩大地块规模可以降低化肥投入强度,提高化肥投入效率。异质性分析发现,与小农户相比,规模农户扩大地块规模对化肥减施的影响更大;对于化肥投入强度越高、投入效率越低的农户,扩大地块规模对化肥投入的影响越大。进一步的分析发现,机械作业替代农业劳动,是扩大地块规模促进化肥减施的作用机制。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(31000201,31370445,31061160188)National Key Basic Research Program of China(2014CB954104)the West Light Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Special Program for Basic Research of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2012FY10400,2011FY120200).
文摘Aims While using phylogenetic and functional approaches to test the mechanisms of community assembly,functional traits often act as the proxy of niches.However,there is little detailed knowledge regarding the correlation between functional traits of tree species and their niches in local communities.We suggest that the co-varying correlation between functional traits and niches should be the premise for using phylogenetic and functional approaches to test mechanisms of community assembly.Using functional traits,phylogenetic and environmental data,this study aims to answer the questions:(i)within local communities,do functional traits of co-occurring species covary with their environmental niches at the species level?and(ii)what is the key ecological process underlying community assembly in Xishuangbanna and Ailaoshan forest dynamic plots(FDPs)?Methods We measured seven functional traits of 229 and 36 common species in Xishuangbanna and Ailaoshan FDPs in tropical and subtropical China,respectively.We also quantified the environmental niches for these species based on conditional probability.We then analyzed the correlations between functional traits and environmental niches using phylogenetic independent contrasts.After examining phylogenetic signals of functional traits using Pagel’sλ,we quantified the phylogenetic and functional dispersion along environmental gradients within local tree communities.Important Findings For target species,functional traits do co-vary with environmental niches at the species level in both of the FDPs,supporting that functional traits can be used as a proxy for local-scale environmental niches.Functional traits show significant phylogenetic signals in both of the FDPs.We found that the phylogenetic and functional dispersion were significantly clustered along topographical gradients in the Ailaoshan FDP but overdispersion in the Xishuangbanna FDP.These patterns of phylogenetic and functional dispersion suggest that environmental filtering plays a key role in structuring local tree
文摘本文基于诱致性技术变迁理论分析地块规模约束下的化肥减施逻辑,利用2020年中国乡村振兴综合调查(CRRS)7个省(自治区)的玉米种植户数据,运用两阶段最小二乘法(two-stage least squares regression,2SLS)分析地块规模对化肥投入的影响。实证结果表明:扩大地块规模可以降低化肥投入强度,提高化肥投入效率。异质性分析发现,与小农户相比,规模农户扩大地块规模对化肥减施的影响更大;对于化肥投入强度越高、投入效率越低的农户,扩大地块规模对化肥投入的影响越大。进一步的分析发现,机械作业替代农业劳动,是扩大地块规模促进化肥减施的作用机制。
