The phylogeny of the monal pheasants (Lophophorus) and their relationships to some species of the genera Tragopan,Pucrasia and Ithaginis were studied by comparing mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) nucleotide sequence...The phylogeny of the monal pheasants (Lophophorus) and their relationships to some species of the genera Tragopan,Pucrasia and Ithaginis were studied by comparing mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) nucleotide sequences.The molecular phylogenetic trees show that:①the genus Tragopan and the genus Pucrasia share a common ancestor which is the sister taxon of the ancestor of the genus Lophophorus;②the genus Lophophorus had evolved into two branches:One was the Sclaters Monal;the other included the Chinese Monal and the Himalayan Monal.Considering its molecular phylogeny,distribution patterns and morphological evidences,the genus Lophophorus might originate in the Hengduan mountains region of southwestern China.展开更多
用SPF鸡胚从疑似七彩山鸡新城疫病鸡群中分离到一株病毒,进行HA及HI试验以及病毒中试验。结果表明,血凝作用可被NDV阳性血清所抑制,而不能被AIV(H9亚型)、EDS76所抑制,经ND标准阳性血清处理的病料接种的鸡胚未见死亡,证明分离毒为NDV。...用SPF鸡胚从疑似七彩山鸡新城疫病鸡群中分离到一株病毒,进行HA及HI试验以及病毒中试验。结果表明,血凝作用可被NDV阳性血清所抑制,而不能被AIV(H9亚型)、EDS76所抑制,经ND标准阳性血清处理的病料接种的鸡胚未见死亡,证明分离毒为NDV。动物回归试验表明,分离毒肌肉注射非免疫七彩山鸡能使之发病、死亡,出现与自然病例一致的症状与病变,但肌注SPF鸡只感染,不出现临床症状。其生物学特性NHAT为快、HOT为8 m in、ICPI为1.73、IVPI为1.45、MDT为44 h。表明该七彩山鸡NDV分离株与鸡F48E9株在生物学特性上表现出不同的特性。用分离毒株制成油乳剂灭活疫苗,分别以分离毒株和Lasota株的灭活苗免疫广西麻鸡和七彩山鸡,进行疫苗免疫效果比较和交叉免疫保护试验。结果表明,分离毒株灭活苗免疫组鸡各个时期所产生的HI抗体效价和Lasota灭活苗免疫组鸡的抗体效价相差不明显,各组的升降规律也基本一致;Lasota灭活苗免疫七彩山鸡对分离毒株的攻击只能80%保护。而其他各免疫组的无论是对分离毒株还是F48E9株的攻击均能100%保护。说明NDV不同毒株之间的毒力和抗原性存在一定的差异。展开更多
Carotenoids, which generate yellow, orange, and red colors, are crucial pigments in avian plumage. Investigations into genes associated with carotenoid- based coloration in avian species are important; however, such r...Carotenoids, which generate yellow, orange, and red colors, are crucial pigments in avian plumage. Investigations into genes associated with carotenoid- based coloration in avian species are important; however, such research is difficult because carotenoids cannot be synthetized in vertebrates as they are only derived from dietary sources. Here, the golden pheasant （Chrysolophus pictus） was used as a model in analysis of candidate gene expression profiles implicated in carotenoid binding and deposition. Using mass and Raman spectrometry to confirm the presence of carotenoids in golden pheasant feathers, we found C40H540 and C40H5602 in feathers with yellow to red colors, and in the rachis of iridescent feathers. The global gene expression profiles in golden pheasant skins were analyzed by RNA-seq and all six carotenoid binding candidate genes sequenced were studied by real- time PCR. STAR4, GSTA2, Scarbl, and APOD in feather follicles showed different expressions in red breast and orange nape feathers compared with that of iridescent mantle feathers. Further comparison of golden pheasant yellow rump and Lady Amherst＇s pheasant （Chrysolophus amherstiae） white nape feathers suggested that GSTA2 and APOD played a potential role in carotenoid-based coloration in golden pheasant.展开更多
文摘The phylogeny of the monal pheasants (Lophophorus) and their relationships to some species of the genera Tragopan,Pucrasia and Ithaginis were studied by comparing mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) nucleotide sequences.The molecular phylogenetic trees show that:①the genus Tragopan and the genus Pucrasia share a common ancestor which is the sister taxon of the ancestor of the genus Lophophorus;②the genus Lophophorus had evolved into two branches:One was the Sclaters Monal;the other included the Chinese Monal and the Himalayan Monal.Considering its molecular phylogeny,distribution patterns and morphological evidences,the genus Lophophorus might originate in the Hengduan mountains region of southwestern China.
文摘用SPF鸡胚从疑似七彩山鸡新城疫病鸡群中分离到一株病毒,进行HA及HI试验以及病毒中试验。结果表明,血凝作用可被NDV阳性血清所抑制,而不能被AIV(H9亚型)、EDS76所抑制,经ND标准阳性血清处理的病料接种的鸡胚未见死亡,证明分离毒为NDV。动物回归试验表明,分离毒肌肉注射非免疫七彩山鸡能使之发病、死亡,出现与自然病例一致的症状与病变,但肌注SPF鸡只感染,不出现临床症状。其生物学特性NHAT为快、HOT为8 m in、ICPI为1.73、IVPI为1.45、MDT为44 h。表明该七彩山鸡NDV分离株与鸡F48E9株在生物学特性上表现出不同的特性。用分离毒株制成油乳剂灭活疫苗,分别以分离毒株和Lasota株的灭活苗免疫广西麻鸡和七彩山鸡,进行疫苗免疫效果比较和交叉免疫保护试验。结果表明,分离毒株灭活苗免疫组鸡各个时期所产生的HI抗体效价和Lasota灭活苗免疫组鸡的抗体效价相差不明显,各组的升降规律也基本一致;Lasota灭活苗免疫七彩山鸡对分离毒株的攻击只能80%保护。而其他各免疫组的无论是对分离毒株还是F48E9株的攻击均能100%保护。说明NDV不同毒株之间的毒力和抗原性存在一定的差异。
基金supported by the 2014 Fundamental Research Program from Science and Technology of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China
文摘Carotenoids, which generate yellow, orange, and red colors, are crucial pigments in avian plumage. Investigations into genes associated with carotenoid- based coloration in avian species are important; however, such research is difficult because carotenoids cannot be synthetized in vertebrates as they are only derived from dietary sources. Here, the golden pheasant （Chrysolophus pictus） was used as a model in analysis of candidate gene expression profiles implicated in carotenoid binding and deposition. Using mass and Raman spectrometry to confirm the presence of carotenoids in golden pheasant feathers, we found C40H540 and C40H5602 in feathers with yellow to red colors, and in the rachis of iridescent feathers. The global gene expression profiles in golden pheasant skins were analyzed by RNA-seq and all six carotenoid binding candidate genes sequenced were studied by real- time PCR. STAR4, GSTA2, Scarbl, and APOD in feather follicles showed different expressions in red breast and orange nape feathers compared with that of iridescent mantle feathers. Further comparison of golden pheasant yellow rump and Lady Amherst＇s pheasant （Chrysolophus amherstiae） white nape feathers suggested that GSTA2 and APOD played a potential role in carotenoid-based coloration in golden pheasant.
