Walkability is an essential aspect of urban transportation systems. Properly designed walking paths can enhance transportation safety, encourage pedestrian activity, and improve community quality of life. This, in tur...Walkability is an essential aspect of urban transportation systems. Properly designed walking paths can enhance transportation safety, encourage pedestrian activity, and improve community quality of life. This, in turn, can help achieve sustainable development goals in urban areas. This pilot study uses wearable technology data to present a new method for measuring pedestrian stress in urban environments and the results were presented as an interactive geographic information system map to support risk-informed decision-making. The approach involves analyzing data from wearable devices using heart rate variability (RMSSD and slope analysis) to identify high-stress locations. This data-driven approach can help urban planners and safety experts identify and address pedestrian stressors, ultimately creating safer, more walkable cities. The study addresses a significant challenge in pedestrian safety by providing insights into factors and locations that trigger stress in pedestrians. During the pilot study, high-stress pedestrian experiences were identified due to issues like pedestrian-scooter interaction on pedestrian paths, pedestrian behavior around high foot traffic areas, and poor visibility at pedestrian crossings due to inadequate lighting.展开更多
Pedestrian well-being reflects emotional experience during walking.Analyzing which built environment factors influence pedestrian wellbeing not only helps to improve residents’physical and mental health but also enco...Pedestrian well-being reflects emotional experience during walking.Analyzing which built environment factors influence pedestrian wellbeing not only helps to improve residents’physical and mental health but also encourages more walking.Based on the data obtained via a questionnaire survey in Harbin,China,a gradient boosting decision tree(GBDT)model is developed to analyze how the perception of the built environment influences pedestrian well-being and to explain the differences across types of neighborhoods(old,new,and mixed).The results show that pedestrian well-being is most influenced by the diversity of daily service facilities,followed by the number of commercial facilities along a street,the accessibility of daily service facilities,and green spaces.Moreover,pedestrian well-being is also influenced by the type of neighborhoods.In new neighborhoods,it is dominated by the accessibility of public transport stations,while in old and mixed neighborhoods,pedestrian well-being is primarily determined by the accessibility of green spaces and the number of green spaces,respectively.Depending on the characteristics of the built environment,different intervention measures are proposed to improve pedestrian well-being and promote walking.展开更多
在高大建筑物、树木遮挡等城市复杂环境中,多路径误差和纯反射(NLOS)信号误差难以准确建模,严重影响行人GNSS导航定位的精度和可用性。本文首先对比分析了多路径延迟和纯反射信号延迟的误差特性,然后利用双差观测方程提取多路径和NLOS...在高大建筑物、树木遮挡等城市复杂环境中,多路径误差和纯反射(NLOS)信号误差难以准确建模,严重影响行人GNSS导航定位的精度和可用性。本文首先对比分析了多路径延迟和纯反射信号延迟的误差特性,然后利用双差观测方程提取多路径和NLOS延迟误差,分析了两种延迟误差对伪距、载波相位和多普勒观测值的影响。通过UBLOX-NEO-M8T单频导航型接收机在建筑物附近和树木遮挡两种观测环境下的实测数据处理与分析,结果表明:载噪比(C/N0)较小时多普勒噪声明显变大。对于M8T导航型接收机,多路径影响严重的环境下C/N0低于30 d BHz,多普勒噪声变大。而NLOS影响严重的环境下多普勒噪声与C/N0之间关系不明显,在较大的C/N0,多普勒噪声仍然很大;在树木遮挡时,主要受多路径效应的影响,引起伪距的误差量级在10~150 m之间,对相位和多普勒的影响不明显;在高楼遮挡时,会出现NLOS信号干扰,对伪距和载波相位观测值的影响相同,延迟量大小与反射点的距离有关,可达到几百米,对多普勒观测值也有明显影响。展开更多
高密度城市的建成环境问题是城市公共健康层面关注的重点领域之一,而高质量与舒适度较高的行人层建成环境,对营造和谐城市微环境、预防病毒传播等方面均具有极为重要的意义。随着近年来流行性疾病的暴发,引发了人们对于生活环境质量的...高密度城市的建成环境问题是城市公共健康层面关注的重点领域之一,而高质量与舒适度较高的行人层建成环境,对营造和谐城市微环境、预防病毒传播等方面均具有极为重要的意义。随着近年来流行性疾病的暴发,引发了人们对于生活环境质量的高度重视和思考。文章借助CiteSpace软件,以SCI科学引文索引核心集合Web of Science中2009-2019年的1077篇建成环境及行人层环境研究领域的相关文献为研究对象,分析、梳理了国内外建成环境及行人层环境研究领域的发展历程,探讨了该研究领域的未来趋势。研究发现,在过去的十多年间该领域的相关研究总体上呈上升态势,且近年对于以风环境为主的高密度城市物理环境的研究逐渐成为热点。在规划设计中,通过合理布局、优化建筑形式、营造舒适的景观环境等方式,可以改善行人层建成环境,进而为城市居民提供健康的生活环境。展开更多
文摘Walkability is an essential aspect of urban transportation systems. Properly designed walking paths can enhance transportation safety, encourage pedestrian activity, and improve community quality of life. This, in turn, can help achieve sustainable development goals in urban areas. This pilot study uses wearable technology data to present a new method for measuring pedestrian stress in urban environments and the results were presented as an interactive geographic information system map to support risk-informed decision-making. The approach involves analyzing data from wearable devices using heart rate variability (RMSSD and slope analysis) to identify high-stress locations. This data-driven approach can help urban planners and safety experts identify and address pedestrian stressors, ultimately creating safer, more walkable cities. The study addresses a significant challenge in pedestrian safety by providing insights into factors and locations that trigger stress in pedestrians. During the pilot study, high-stress pedestrian experiences were identified due to issues like pedestrian-scooter interaction on pedestrian paths, pedestrian behavior around high foot traffic areas, and poor visibility at pedestrian crossings due to inadequate lighting.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51878204,52278057).
文摘Pedestrian well-being reflects emotional experience during walking.Analyzing which built environment factors influence pedestrian wellbeing not only helps to improve residents’physical and mental health but also encourages more walking.Based on the data obtained via a questionnaire survey in Harbin,China,a gradient boosting decision tree(GBDT)model is developed to analyze how the perception of the built environment influences pedestrian well-being and to explain the differences across types of neighborhoods(old,new,and mixed).The results show that pedestrian well-being is most influenced by the diversity of daily service facilities,followed by the number of commercial facilities along a street,the accessibility of daily service facilities,and green spaces.Moreover,pedestrian well-being is also influenced by the type of neighborhoods.In new neighborhoods,it is dominated by the accessibility of public transport stations,while in old and mixed neighborhoods,pedestrian well-being is primarily determined by the accessibility of green spaces and the number of green spaces,respectively.Depending on the characteristics of the built environment,different intervention measures are proposed to improve pedestrian well-being and promote walking.
文摘在高大建筑物、树木遮挡等城市复杂环境中,多路径误差和纯反射(NLOS)信号误差难以准确建模,严重影响行人GNSS导航定位的精度和可用性。本文首先对比分析了多路径延迟和纯反射信号延迟的误差特性,然后利用双差观测方程提取多路径和NLOS延迟误差,分析了两种延迟误差对伪距、载波相位和多普勒观测值的影响。通过UBLOX-NEO-M8T单频导航型接收机在建筑物附近和树木遮挡两种观测环境下的实测数据处理与分析,结果表明:载噪比(C/N0)较小时多普勒噪声明显变大。对于M8T导航型接收机,多路径影响严重的环境下C/N0低于30 d BHz,多普勒噪声变大。而NLOS影响严重的环境下多普勒噪声与C/N0之间关系不明显,在较大的C/N0,多普勒噪声仍然很大;在树木遮挡时,主要受多路径效应的影响,引起伪距的误差量级在10~150 m之间,对相位和多普勒的影响不明显;在高楼遮挡时,会出现NLOS信号干扰,对伪距和载波相位观测值的影响相同,延迟量大小与反射点的距离有关,可达到几百米,对多普勒观测值也有明显影响。
文摘高密度城市的建成环境问题是城市公共健康层面关注的重点领域之一,而高质量与舒适度较高的行人层建成环境,对营造和谐城市微环境、预防病毒传播等方面均具有极为重要的意义。随着近年来流行性疾病的暴发,引发了人们对于生活环境质量的高度重视和思考。文章借助CiteSpace软件,以SCI科学引文索引核心集合Web of Science中2009-2019年的1077篇建成环境及行人层环境研究领域的相关文献为研究对象,分析、梳理了国内外建成环境及行人层环境研究领域的发展历程,探讨了该研究领域的未来趋势。研究发现,在过去的十多年间该领域的相关研究总体上呈上升态势,且近年对于以风环境为主的高密度城市物理环境的研究逐渐成为热点。在规划设计中,通过合理布局、优化建筑形式、营造舒适的景观环境等方式,可以改善行人层建成环境,进而为城市居民提供健康的生活环境。
