The assessment of an energy retrofit necessarily requires an energy measurement campaign before (base year energy consumption) and after (post retrofit energy consumption) the retrofit. Only in this way is it possible...The assessment of an energy retrofit necessarily requires an energy measurement campaign before (base year energy consumption) and after (post retrofit energy consumption) the retrofit. Only in this way is it possible to reach a safe conclusion, on the true retrofit impact. In addition, a number of adjustments are necessary to secure that the retrofit impact on energy consumption is effectively isolated, i.e., which we report on the true retrofit impact and not, for example, on external variations, such as a more mild winter. This paper introduces a conceptual framework for taking account, in the retrofit impact assessment, of three external parameters: weather, indoor comfort and space occupancy. The broader strategy behind this work is to develop a comprehensive methodology that would allow a cost efficient, fast and accurate assessment of energy retrofits in buildings. This would allow insight, on the investor side, as to the prudence of his investment and, and in this way, could help the proliferation of the practice of energy retrofits. The adjustment methodology, introduced here, is a first step in this direction.展开更多
Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION In the past years, the attention of many meteorologists has been attracted to the Presidents’ Day snow storm, February 18—19, 1979, not only because of its rareness but also the failure of the opera...Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION In the past years, the attention of many meteorologists has been attracted to the Presidents’ Day snow storm, February 18—19, 1979, not only because of its rareness but also the failure of the operational model (LFM-Ⅱ) of NMC. On February 18—19, 1979, an intensive cyclone developed along the middle Atlantic coast brought about heavy snowfall (45—60 cm) over the middle Atlantic states, from Virginia to southern New Jersey. Regional snowfall rates of 25 mm per hour were common,and local intensities of 100 mm per hour were observed in Washington, D. C. area,展开更多
文摘The assessment of an energy retrofit necessarily requires an energy measurement campaign before (base year energy consumption) and after (post retrofit energy consumption) the retrofit. Only in this way is it possible to reach a safe conclusion, on the true retrofit impact. In addition, a number of adjustments are necessary to secure that the retrofit impact on energy consumption is effectively isolated, i.e., which we report on the true retrofit impact and not, for example, on external variations, such as a more mild winter. This paper introduces a conceptual framework for taking account, in the retrofit impact assessment, of three external parameters: weather, indoor comfort and space occupancy. The broader strategy behind this work is to develop a comprehensive methodology that would allow a cost efficient, fast and accurate assessment of energy retrofits in buildings. This would allow insight, on the investor side, as to the prudence of his investment and, and in this way, could help the proliferation of the practice of energy retrofits. The adjustment methodology, introduced here, is a first step in this direction.
文摘Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION In the past years, the attention of many meteorologists has been attracted to the Presidents’ Day snow storm, February 18—19, 1979, not only because of its rareness but also the failure of the operational model (LFM-Ⅱ) of NMC. On February 18—19, 1979, an intensive cyclone developed along the middle Atlantic coast brought about heavy snowfall (45—60 cm) over the middle Atlantic states, from Virginia to southern New Jersey. Regional snowfall rates of 25 mm per hour were common,and local intensities of 100 mm per hour were observed in Washington, D. C. area,
