目的为飞行员脑功能鉴定及防护提供试验方法和依据。方法采用经颅多普勒超声连续观察45名飞行员(平均年龄27.5±2.6岁)在完成5 h 连续心算和连续操作任务期间的脑平均血流速度(Vm),同步分析大脑前动脉(ACA)、中动脉(MCA)、后动脉(P...目的为飞行员脑功能鉴定及防护提供试验方法和依据。方法采用经颅多普勒超声连续观察45名飞行员(平均年龄27.5±2.6岁)在完成5 h 连续心算和连续操作任务期间的脑平均血流速度(Vm),同步分析大脑前动脉(ACA)、中动脉(MCA)、后动脉(PCA)的 Vm、神经行为能力指数(NAI),并对脑疲劳诱发的嗜睡倾向进行斯坦福嗜睡量表(SSS)评定。结果在完成连续心算任务的第2 h,大脑 ACA 的 Vm 增快,第4 h 以后减慢,MCA、PCA 的 Vm 无显著变化。完成连续操作任务的第4 h 以后,PCA 的 Vm 先于 MCA 的 Vm 减慢,ACA、MCA 和 PCA 的 Vm 直至第5 h才明显减慢。反映连续操作能力的 NAI 指数在第2 h 上升,第4 h 以后下降。反映心算能力下降的错误反应率和反映脑功能状态的 SSS 评分在第4 h 以后显著上升,表明脑功能出现显著抑制。结论不同认知活动对大脑 Vm 的影响存在差异。5 h 连续心算任务没有诱发 Vm 的显著变化,但5 h连续操作任务诱发 MCA 的 Vm 大幅度降低,有可能是晕厥前症状或立位耐力降低的诱发因素之一。展开更多
BACKGROUND： Several studies have demonstrated that sustained cognitive tasks can induce cognitive fatigue and that the mean cerebral blood flow velocity changes in some cerebral regions during cerebral fatigue. OBJEC...BACKGROUND： Several studies have demonstrated that sustained cognitive tasks can induce cognitive fatigue and that the mean cerebral blood flow velocity changes in some cerebral regions during cerebral fatigue. OBJECTIVE： To dynamically monitor the changes in mean cerebral blood flow velocity in different brain regions of high performance fighter pilots during mental arithmetic tasks and consecutive performance tasks. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The present neurophysiological trial, based on controlled observation, was performed at the Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Institute of Aviation Medicine, Air Force of China between January 2003 and December 2005. PARTICIPANTS： Forty-five males, high performance fighter pilots, averaging （27.6±2.5） years, were recruited for this study. METHODS： The mean cerebral blood flow velocity in the anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery, and posterior cerebral artery of subjects was dynamically tested using transcranial Doppler during 5- hour mental arithmetic tasks and during 5- hour consecutive performance tasks. The neurobehavioral ability index was analyzed throughout each trial according to the number of correct responses, false responses, and lost responses. Simultaneously, cerebral cognitive fatigue-induced lethargy was assessed by the Stanford Sleepiness Scale. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Changes in mean cerebral blood flow velocity in the anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery, and posterior cerebral artery; neurobehavioral ability index of mental arithmetic and consecutive performance tasks; Stanford Sleepiness Scale scores. RESULTS： During mental arithmetic tasks, the mean cerebral blood flow velocity in the anterior cerebral artery increased during hour 2 and decreased after hour 4. There was no significant change in mean cerebral blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery and posterior cerebral artery. During hour 4, cerebral cognitive fatigue was observed and, simultaneously, Stanford Sleepiness Scale scores demonstrated the pres展开更多
文摘目的 探讨新生儿行为神经测定(NBNA)评分联合血清胆红素总量/白蛋白比值(B/A)预测新生儿高胆红素血症并发急性胆红素脑病的临床价值。方法 收集2020年5月—2021年6月杭州市妇产科医院收治的患儿62例为观察组,另选取在院进行健康体检的婴儿62例为对照组。检测两组NBNA评分、B/A水平,分析NBNA评分、B/A在高胆红素血症及其并发病情的表达水平以及对高胆红素血症以及并发症状的诊断价值。结果 观察组B/A表达水平高于对照组(8.51±2.03 vs. 5.69±1.35),NBNA评分表达水平低于对照组(26.88±4.23 vs. 35.33±5.61),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析显示,B/A水平表达上升,NBNA评分表达水平下降是患有高胆红素血症以及并发不良病症患儿的重要影响机制。ROC曲线显示,两项联合对患有高胆红素血症及并发不良病症患儿的诊断价值高于NBNA评分、B/A单项诊断[AUC(95%CI):0.944(0.896~0.991)vs.0.823(0.749~0.897)vs.0.782(0.699~0.866)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 对于研究患有不良病症患儿情况变化,可检测出B/A水平表达上升,NBNA评分表达下降,能够有效地提前对患儿病情进行预测,减少不良反应的发生。
文摘目的为飞行员脑功能鉴定及防护提供试验方法和依据。方法采用经颅多普勒超声连续观察45名飞行员(平均年龄27.5±2.6岁)在完成5 h 连续心算和连续操作任务期间的脑平均血流速度(Vm),同步分析大脑前动脉(ACA)、中动脉(MCA)、后动脉(PCA)的 Vm、神经行为能力指数(NAI),并对脑疲劳诱发的嗜睡倾向进行斯坦福嗜睡量表(SSS)评定。结果在完成连续心算任务的第2 h,大脑 ACA 的 Vm 增快,第4 h 以后减慢,MCA、PCA 的 Vm 无显著变化。完成连续操作任务的第4 h 以后,PCA 的 Vm 先于 MCA 的 Vm 减慢,ACA、MCA 和 PCA 的 Vm 直至第5 h才明显减慢。反映连续操作能力的 NAI 指数在第2 h 上升,第4 h 以后下降。反映心算能力下降的错误反应率和反映脑功能状态的 SSS 评分在第4 h 以后显著上升,表明脑功能出现显著抑制。结论不同认知活动对大脑 Vm 的影响存在差异。5 h 连续心算任务没有诱发 Vm 的显著变化,但5 h连续操作任务诱发 MCA 的 Vm 大幅度降低,有可能是晕厥前症状或立位耐力降低的诱发因素之一。
基金Youth Scientific Research Foundation of General Logistics Department of Chinese PLA,No.01Q033
文摘BACKGROUND： Several studies have demonstrated that sustained cognitive tasks can induce cognitive fatigue and that the mean cerebral blood flow velocity changes in some cerebral regions during cerebral fatigue. OBJECTIVE： To dynamically monitor the changes in mean cerebral blood flow velocity in different brain regions of high performance fighter pilots during mental arithmetic tasks and consecutive performance tasks. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The present neurophysiological trial, based on controlled observation, was performed at the Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Institute of Aviation Medicine, Air Force of China between January 2003 and December 2005. PARTICIPANTS： Forty-five males, high performance fighter pilots, averaging （27.6±2.5） years, were recruited for this study. METHODS： The mean cerebral blood flow velocity in the anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery, and posterior cerebral artery of subjects was dynamically tested using transcranial Doppler during 5- hour mental arithmetic tasks and during 5- hour consecutive performance tasks. The neurobehavioral ability index was analyzed throughout each trial according to the number of correct responses, false responses, and lost responses. Simultaneously, cerebral cognitive fatigue-induced lethargy was assessed by the Stanford Sleepiness Scale. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Changes in mean cerebral blood flow velocity in the anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery, and posterior cerebral artery; neurobehavioral ability index of mental arithmetic and consecutive performance tasks; Stanford Sleepiness Scale scores. RESULTS： During mental arithmetic tasks, the mean cerebral blood flow velocity in the anterior cerebral artery increased during hour 2 and decreased after hour 4. There was no significant change in mean cerebral blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery and posterior cerebral artery. During hour 4, cerebral cognitive fatigue was observed and, simultaneously, Stanford Sleepiness Scale scores demonstrated the pres
