AIM:To investigate the stress-induced apoptosis of natural killer(NK)cells and the changes in their killing activity in mouse livers.METHODS:A restraint stress model was established in mice.Flow cytometry was employed...AIM:To investigate the stress-induced apoptosis of natural killer(NK)cells and the changes in their killing activity in mouse livers.METHODS:A restraint stress model was established in mice.Flow cytometry was employed to measure the percentage of NK cells and the changes in their absolute number in mouse liver.The cytotoxicity of hepatic and splenic NK cells was assessed against YAC-1 target cells via a 4 h 51Cr-release assay.RESULTS:The restraint stress stimulation induced the apoptosis of NK cells in the liver and the spleen,which decreased the cell number.The number and percentage of NK cells in the spleen decreased.However,the number of NK cells in the liver decreased,whereas the percentage of NK cells was significantly increased.The apoptosis of NK cells increased gradually with prolonged stress time,and the macrophage-1(Mac-1)+NK cells were more susceptible to apoptosis than Mac-1-NK cells.Large numbers of Mac-1-NK cells in the liver,which are more resistant to stress-induced apoptosis,were observed than the Mac-1-NK cells in the spleen.The stress stimulation diminished the killing activity of NK cells in the spleen was significantly decreased,but the retention of numerous Mac-1-NK cells in the liver maintained the killing ability.CONCLUSION:Significant stress-induced apoptosis was observed among Mac-1+NK cells,but not Mac-1-NK cells in the mouse liver.Stress stimulation markedly decreased the killing activity of NK cells in the spleen but remained unchanged in the liver.展开更多
Natural killer (NK) cell plays an important role in an innate immune response against viral infection. The kinetics regulation and functional consequences of NK cells in the pathogeneses of diseases are uncertain. We ...Natural killer (NK) cell plays an important role in an innate immune response against viral infection. The kinetics regulation and functional consequences of NK cells in the pathogeneses of diseases are uncertain. We analyzed NK cell distribution and function of successfully combination antiretroviral therapy (cART)-treated HIV-1 infected individuals in Khon Kaen Regional Hospital, Thailand. The results demonstrated that increased percentage and the total number of NK cell in cART-treated HIV-1 infected patients with preferential high levels of CD56dimCD16+ and CD56-CD16+ subsets when compared with a control group even in undetectable viral load (<40 copies per milliliter). Concomitantly, decreased cytotoxic activity measured by CD107asurface expression with maintained IFN-γ production implied the impairment of cytolytic activity was not recovered after cART treatment. Thus, altered NK cell frequency and function by HIV-1 infection are not completely recovered with cART, which may contribute to impaired cellular immune response and persistence of HIV-1.展开更多
Three Nanjing local strains (CN5, CN8, CN10) of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6] had been isolated and identified by electronmicroscopy, antibody reactions with IFA and specific PCR. The purpose of this paper was to study ...Three Nanjing local strains (CN5, CN8, CN10) of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6] had been isolated and identified by electronmicroscopy, antibody reactions with IFA and specific PCR. The purpose of this paper was to study effects on cytokines synthesis and NK activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) in vitro post infection of human herpesvirus 6. PBMCs cultural supernatants were collected at different hours post infection. Cytokines such as TNF-α, IFN-α and IL-8 could be detected as early as 24 h post infection, plateaued at 48h, and then decreased gradually. The levels of these cytokines in infected PBMCs supernatants were markedly higher than those in uninfected ones, but the IL-6 level was lower than that of uninfected one. These differences between infected and uninfected groups were all significant(P<0.05). There were no differences in the induction of TNF-α, IFN-α and IL-8 between the local strain CN8 and GS strain (all P>0.05), while the inhibition of IL-6 production induced by GS strain was more prominant than that induced by CN8 (P<0.05). It was also found that NK activity was augmented at 24h post infection, which was more striking in CN8 strain infection group than in GS strain infection group (P<0.05), after then, it was gradually decreased. From these reults, it could be inferred that the increase of cytokines synthesis and augmentation of NK activity were associated with convalescence and pathogenicity of the HHV-6 infection. GS strain, which belongs to groups A, disturbed the function of human immunity more remarkably than the local strain CN8, which belongs to group B.展开更多
Natural Killer (NK) cells are specific immune cells in human immune system. They have a quick effect and can exert a cytotoxic function without prior sensitization, and they show great application potential in cell-ba...Natural Killer (NK) cells are specific immune cells in human immune system. They have a quick effect and can exert a cytotoxic function without prior sensitization, and they show great application potential in cell-based immunotherapy, anti-infection<em> in vivo</em>. NK cell activity in peripheral blood can be used as one of the biomarkers of immune function response. It has a great positive guiding significance for the clinical prognosis of tumor patients, the prevention of cancer and anti-aging. The clinical detection strategies of NK cell activity in circulation mainly grouped into five types: methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium colorimetric, lactate dehydrogenase release, radionuclide labeling, flow cytometry and NK Vue cytokine release method. It has played an important role in different stages of clinical application development. This paper will make a comparative review of the above-mentioned detection strategies for the NK cell activity.展开更多
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30671899,No.30540012
文摘AIM:To investigate the stress-induced apoptosis of natural killer(NK)cells and the changes in their killing activity in mouse livers.METHODS:A restraint stress model was established in mice.Flow cytometry was employed to measure the percentage of NK cells and the changes in their absolute number in mouse liver.The cytotoxicity of hepatic and splenic NK cells was assessed against YAC-1 target cells via a 4 h 51Cr-release assay.RESULTS:The restraint stress stimulation induced the apoptosis of NK cells in the liver and the spleen,which decreased the cell number.The number and percentage of NK cells in the spleen decreased.However,the number of NK cells in the liver decreased,whereas the percentage of NK cells was significantly increased.The apoptosis of NK cells increased gradually with prolonged stress time,and the macrophage-1(Mac-1)+NK cells were more susceptible to apoptosis than Mac-1-NK cells.Large numbers of Mac-1-NK cells in the liver,which are more resistant to stress-induced apoptosis,were observed than the Mac-1-NK cells in the spleen.The stress stimulation diminished the killing activity of NK cells in the spleen was significantly decreased,but the retention of numerous Mac-1-NK cells in the liver maintained the killing ability.CONCLUSION:Significant stress-induced apoptosis was observed among Mac-1+NK cells,but not Mac-1-NK cells in the mouse liver.Stress stimulation markedly decreased the killing activity of NK cells in the spleen but remained unchanged in the liver.
文摘Natural killer (NK) cell plays an important role in an innate immune response against viral infection. The kinetics regulation and functional consequences of NK cells in the pathogeneses of diseases are uncertain. We analyzed NK cell distribution and function of successfully combination antiretroviral therapy (cART)-treated HIV-1 infected individuals in Khon Kaen Regional Hospital, Thailand. The results demonstrated that increased percentage and the total number of NK cell in cART-treated HIV-1 infected patients with preferential high levels of CD56dimCD16+ and CD56-CD16+ subsets when compared with a control group even in undetectable viral load (<40 copies per milliliter). Concomitantly, decreased cytotoxic activity measured by CD107asurface expression with maintained IFN-γ production implied the impairment of cytolytic activity was not recovered after cART treatment. Thus, altered NK cell frequency and function by HIV-1 infection are not completely recovered with cART, which may contribute to impaired cellular immune response and persistence of HIV-1.
文摘Three Nanjing local strains (CN5, CN8, CN10) of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6] had been isolated and identified by electronmicroscopy, antibody reactions with IFA and specific PCR. The purpose of this paper was to study effects on cytokines synthesis and NK activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) in vitro post infection of human herpesvirus 6. PBMCs cultural supernatants were collected at different hours post infection. Cytokines such as TNF-α, IFN-α and IL-8 could be detected as early as 24 h post infection, plateaued at 48h, and then decreased gradually. The levels of these cytokines in infected PBMCs supernatants were markedly higher than those in uninfected ones, but the IL-6 level was lower than that of uninfected one. These differences between infected and uninfected groups were all significant(P<0.05). There were no differences in the induction of TNF-α, IFN-α and IL-8 between the local strain CN8 and GS strain (all P>0.05), while the inhibition of IL-6 production induced by GS strain was more prominant than that induced by CN8 (P<0.05). It was also found that NK activity was augmented at 24h post infection, which was more striking in CN8 strain infection group than in GS strain infection group (P<0.05), after then, it was gradually decreased. From these reults, it could be inferred that the increase of cytokines synthesis and augmentation of NK activity were associated with convalescence and pathogenicity of the HHV-6 infection. GS strain, which belongs to groups A, disturbed the function of human immunity more remarkably than the local strain CN8, which belongs to group B.
文摘Natural Killer (NK) cells are specific immune cells in human immune system. They have a quick effect and can exert a cytotoxic function without prior sensitization, and they show great application potential in cell-based immunotherapy, anti-infection<em> in vivo</em>. NK cell activity in peripheral blood can be used as one of the biomarkers of immune function response. It has a great positive guiding significance for the clinical prognosis of tumor patients, the prevention of cancer and anti-aging. The clinical detection strategies of NK cell activity in circulation mainly grouped into five types: methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium colorimetric, lactate dehydrogenase release, radionuclide labeling, flow cytometry and NK Vue cytokine release method. It has played an important role in different stages of clinical application development. This paper will make a comparative review of the above-mentioned detection strategies for the NK cell activity.
