The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of different machine-harvested cotton-planting patterns on defoliation,yield,and fiber quality in cotton and to provide support for improving the quality of machine-h...The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of different machine-harvested cotton-planting patterns on defoliation,yield,and fiber quality in cotton and to provide support for improving the quality of machine-harvested cotton.In the 2015 and 2016 growing seasons,the Xinluzao 45(XLZ45)and Xinluzao 62(XLZ62)cultivars,which are primarily cultivated in northern Xinjiang,were used as study materials.Conventional wide-narrow row(WNR),wide and ultra-narrow row(UNR),wide-row spacing with high density(HWR),and wide-row spacing with low density(LWR)planting patterns were used to assess the effects of planting patterns on defoliation,yield,and fiber quality.Compared with WNR,the seed cotton yields were significantly decreased by 2.06–5.48%for UNR and by 2.50–6.99%for LWR,respectively.The main cause of reduced yield was a reduction in bolls per unit area.The variation in HWR yield was–1.07–1.07%with reduced bolls per unit area and increased boll weight,thus demonstrating stable production.In terms of fiber quality indicators,the planting patterns only showed significant effects on the micronaire value,with wide-row spacing patterns showing an increase in the micronaire values.The defoliation and boll-opening results showed that the number of leaves and dried leaves in HWR was the lowest among the four planting patterns.Prior to the application of defoliating agent and before machine-harvesting,the numbers of leaves per individual plant in HWR were decreased by 14.45 and 25.00%on average,respectively,compared with WNR,while the number of leaves per unit area was decreased by 27.44 and 36.21%on average,respectively.The rates of boll-opening and defoliation in HWR were the highest.Specifically,the boll-opening rate before defoliation and machine-harvesting in HWR was 44.54 and 5.94%higher on average than in WNR,while the defoliation rate prior to machine-harvesting was 3.45%higher on average than in WNR.The numbers of ineffective defoliated leaves and leaf trash in HWR were the lowest,decreased by 33.40 and 32.43展开更多
【目的】各大棉区的公检数量增加迅速,全面覆盖了我国主要棉花主产区。分析自公证检验以来新疆棉区棉花纤维品质变化,了解我国主要棉区棉花纤维品质的整体状况及发展趋势,为育种及相关决策提供参考。【方法】以2006~2013年我国棉花纤维...【目的】各大棉区的公检数量增加迅速,全面覆盖了我国主要棉花主产区。分析自公证检验以来新疆棉区棉花纤维品质变化,了解我国主要棉区棉花纤维品质的整体状况及发展趋势,为育种及相关决策提供参考。【方法】以2006~2013年我国棉花纤维公证检验检测的纤维品质为研究对象,划分不同区域进行分析。【结果】随着国储政策的深入实施,八年来,我国棉花纤维长度、比强度整体呈现下降趋势,年均下降0.1 mm和0.16 c N/tex。新疆地方棉区纤维长度优于内地和新疆兵团棉区,年际间分别较二者高0.2~0.3 mm和0.3~0.6 mm,〉28 mm长度级范围内新疆地方棉区棉花所占比显著高于内地及兵团;在纤维比强度方面,全国平均、新疆地方与兵团年均下降0.16、0.28、0.32 c N/tex。近三年来强度中上水平（〉29 c N/tex）皮棉所占比例明显下降,表现为内地棉区占比较高,新疆地方棉区次之、兵团最低;在纤维整齐度方面,全国平均、新疆棉区总体呈现下降趋势,新疆地方棉花优于内地和兵团;在马克隆值方面,表现出A级所占比整体下滑、B级微升、C级逐年增加趋势。【结论】新疆棉区棉花主要纤维品质下降严重,应启动优质手采、机采棉新品种培育及推广。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31560342)the Major Science and Technology Projects of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, China (2016AA001-2)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFD0201900)
文摘The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of different machine-harvested cotton-planting patterns on defoliation,yield,and fiber quality in cotton and to provide support for improving the quality of machine-harvested cotton.In the 2015 and 2016 growing seasons,the Xinluzao 45(XLZ45)and Xinluzao 62(XLZ62)cultivars,which are primarily cultivated in northern Xinjiang,were used as study materials.Conventional wide-narrow row(WNR),wide and ultra-narrow row(UNR),wide-row spacing with high density(HWR),and wide-row spacing with low density(LWR)planting patterns were used to assess the effects of planting patterns on defoliation,yield,and fiber quality.Compared with WNR,the seed cotton yields were significantly decreased by 2.06–5.48%for UNR and by 2.50–6.99%for LWR,respectively.The main cause of reduced yield was a reduction in bolls per unit area.The variation in HWR yield was–1.07–1.07%with reduced bolls per unit area and increased boll weight,thus demonstrating stable production.In terms of fiber quality indicators,the planting patterns only showed significant effects on the micronaire value,with wide-row spacing patterns showing an increase in the micronaire values.The defoliation and boll-opening results showed that the number of leaves and dried leaves in HWR was the lowest among the four planting patterns.Prior to the application of defoliating agent and before machine-harvesting,the numbers of leaves per individual plant in HWR were decreased by 14.45 and 25.00%on average,respectively,compared with WNR,while the number of leaves per unit area was decreased by 27.44 and 36.21%on average,respectively.The rates of boll-opening and defoliation in HWR were the highest.Specifically,the boll-opening rate before defoliation and machine-harvesting in HWR was 44.54 and 5.94%higher on average than in WNR,while the defoliation rate prior to machine-harvesting was 3.45%higher on average than in WNR.The numbers of ineffective defoliated leaves and leaf trash in HWR were the lowest,decreased by 33.40 and 32.43
文摘【目的】各大棉区的公检数量增加迅速,全面覆盖了我国主要棉花主产区。分析自公证检验以来新疆棉区棉花纤维品质变化,了解我国主要棉区棉花纤维品质的整体状况及发展趋势,为育种及相关决策提供参考。【方法】以2006~2013年我国棉花纤维公证检验检测的纤维品质为研究对象,划分不同区域进行分析。【结果】随着国储政策的深入实施,八年来,我国棉花纤维长度、比强度整体呈现下降趋势,年均下降0.1 mm和0.16 c N/tex。新疆地方棉区纤维长度优于内地和新疆兵团棉区,年际间分别较二者高0.2~0.3 mm和0.3~0.6 mm,〉28 mm长度级范围内新疆地方棉区棉花所占比显著高于内地及兵团;在纤维比强度方面,全国平均、新疆地方与兵团年均下降0.16、0.28、0.32 c N/tex。近三年来强度中上水平（〉29 c N/tex）皮棉所占比例明显下降,表现为内地棉区占比较高,新疆地方棉区次之、兵团最低;在纤维整齐度方面,全国平均、新疆棉区总体呈现下降趋势,新疆地方棉花优于内地和兵团;在马克隆值方面,表现出A级所占比整体下滑、B级微升、C级逐年增加趋势。【结论】新疆棉区棉花主要纤维品质下降严重,应启动优质手采、机采棉新品种培育及推广。
