A future smart grid must fulfill the vision of the Energy Internet in which millions of people produce their own energy from renewables in their homes, offices, and factories and share it with each other. Electric veh...A future smart grid must fulfill the vision of the Energy Internet in which millions of people produce their own energy from renewables in their homes, offices, and factories and share it with each other. Electric vehicles and local energy storage will be widely deployed. Internet technology will be utilized to transform the power grid into an energysharing inter-grid. To prepare for the future, a smart grid with intelligent periphery, or smart GRIP, is proposed. The building blocks of GRIP architecture are called clusters and include an energy-management system （EMS）-controlled transmission grid in the core and distribution grids, micro-grids, and smart buildings and homes on the periphery; all of which are hierarchically structured. The layered architecture of GRIP allows a seamless transition from the present to the future and plug-and-play interoperability. The basic functions of a cluster consist of （1） dispatch, （2） smoothing, and （3） mitigation. A risk-limiting dispatch methodology is presented; a new device, called the electric spring, is developed for smoothing out fluctuations in periphery clusters; and means to mitigate failures are discussed.展开更多
Network systems refer to a new generation of systems with integrated information perception,transmission and utilization capabilities through communication networks,which are adopted to achieve desirable objectives un...Network systems refer to a new generation of systems with integrated information perception,transmission and utilization capabilities through communication networks,which are adopted to achieve desirable objectives under physical and information related uncertainties and/or adversary conditions.In the information-rich era[1,2],one of the fundamental issues is to exploit the limit of feedback control on dissipating such uncertainties in the scenarios of networked sensing and communication[3].展开更多
1 Introduction Driven by technological innovation and digital evolution,the current automotive industry is standing at the cusp of a transformative era(Liu et al.,2023).As urban centers continue to expand and intensif...1 Introduction Driven by technological innovation and digital evolution,the current automotive industry is standing at the cusp of a transformative era(Liu et al.,2023).As urban centers continue to expand and intensify the demands on transportation networks,the need for solutions to alleviate congestion,boost traffic efficiency,and enhance road safety becomes increasingly urgent.On this occasion,intelligent and connected vehicles,integrating vehicles,infrastructure,and cloud computing,promise a smarter mode of passenger transportation and pave the way for a more interconnected and responsive urban transit ecosystem(Cao et al.,2023).Therefore,traditional passenger buses are on the verge of significant transformation in terms of their functional technologies and operational models.This will bring about a host of benefits such as higher efficiency,better passenger experiences,and safer road environments.This paper provides a comprehensive outlook on intelligent and connected passenger buses(ICPBs),delving into the integrated vehicle-road-cloud platform and highlighting the key technologies that will shape the future bus system.As illustrated in Fig.1,it showcases the key perspectives on the future of ICPBs.展开更多
基金sponsored by National Key Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (2012CB215102) for WuUS National Science Foundation Award (1135872) for VaraiyaHong Kong RGC Theme-based Research Project (T23-701/14-N) for Hui
文摘A future smart grid must fulfill the vision of the Energy Internet in which millions of people produce their own energy from renewables in their homes, offices, and factories and share it with each other. Electric vehicles and local energy storage will be widely deployed. Internet technology will be utilized to transform the power grid into an energysharing inter-grid. To prepare for the future, a smart grid with intelligent periphery, or smart GRIP, is proposed. The building blocks of GRIP architecture are called clusters and include an energy-management system （EMS）-controlled transmission grid in the core and distribution grids, micro-grids, and smart buildings and homes on the periphery; all of which are hierarchically structured. The layered architecture of GRIP allows a seamless transition from the present to the future and plug-and-play interoperability. The basic functions of a cluster consist of （1） dispatch, （2） smoothing, and （3） mitigation. A risk-limiting dispatch methodology is presented; a new device, called the electric spring, is developed for smoothing out fluctuations in periphery clusters; and means to mitigate failures are discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92167205)
文摘Network systems refer to a new generation of systems with integrated information perception,transmission and utilization capabilities through communication networks,which are adopted to achieve desirable objectives under physical and information related uncertainties and/or adversary conditions.In the information-rich era[1,2],one of the fundamental issues is to exploit the limit of feedback control on dissipating such uncertainties in the scenarios of networked sensing and communication[3].
文摘1 Introduction Driven by technological innovation and digital evolution,the current automotive industry is standing at the cusp of a transformative era(Liu et al.,2023).As urban centers continue to expand and intensify the demands on transportation networks,the need for solutions to alleviate congestion,boost traffic efficiency,and enhance road safety becomes increasingly urgent.On this occasion,intelligent and connected vehicles,integrating vehicles,infrastructure,and cloud computing,promise a smarter mode of passenger transportation and pave the way for a more interconnected and responsive urban transit ecosystem(Cao et al.,2023).Therefore,traditional passenger buses are on the verge of significant transformation in terms of their functional technologies and operational models.This will bring about a host of benefits such as higher efficiency,better passenger experiences,and safer road environments.This paper provides a comprehensive outlook on intelligent and connected passenger buses(ICPBs),delving into the integrated vehicle-road-cloud platform and highlighting the key technologies that will shape the future bus system.As illustrated in Fig.1,it showcases the key perspectives on the future of ICPBs.
