Operating efficiency of universities is widely concerned by the education community.As a non-parametric method for efficiently handling multiple inputs and outputs,data envelopment analysis(DEA)is often used for measu...Operating efficiency of universities is widely concerned by the education community.As a non-parametric method for efficiently handling multiple inputs and outputs,data envelopment analysis(DEA)is often used for measuring the operating efficiency.However,shared input resources are often ignored in the existing DEA studies.In order to remedy the shortcoming with a focus on teaching and research processes of universities,this paper adopts an extended two-stage network DEA approach to measure the operating efficiency of 52 universities in China using a data set in 2014.The main findings show that:(1)Among the operating efficiency of 52 universities,about one third and two thirds of universities are efficient and inefficient,respectively.It may reflect some problems such as inefficient use of resources or unsatisfactory outcomes for these inefficient universities.By giving first priority to universities’teaching or research process,we provide alternative ways for teaching-oriented or research-oriented universities to benchmark and improve their performance.(2)For the heterogeneity efficiency analysis of different universities,the operating efficiency of“non-985”universities are significantly higher than that of“985”universities,while there is only a small difference on the operating efficiency between comprehensive universities and science&engineering universities.Although the efficiency of the central and western universities is slightly better than that of the eastern universities in terms of the average efficiency,there is no significant efficiency difference among the eastern,central,and western regions statistically.Hence,to improve the operating efficiency of Chinese universities,the Chinese government should improve the financial allocation mechanism and introduce successful budget performance management.For the Chinese universities,they should formulate teaching and scientific research plans according to their own research needs and development goals.展开更多
In the field of Chinese higher education,gender is still a significant issue,as is a general ignorance of gender discrimination against women.Issues related to gender can be observed throughout the process of educatio...In the field of Chinese higher education,gender is still a significant issue,as is a general ignorance of gender discrimination against women.Issues related to gender can be observed throughout the process of education:at the time of entering an institution,during the educational process and as an outcome of education.The following seven aspects of sexual discrimination occur in Chinese higher education system:(1)Fewer opportunities for women in higher education than for men;(2)within disciplines and specializations there exists the phenomena of gender segregation and diffluence;(3)considerable gender difference exists in the distribution of school resources;(4)teaching materials and teaching content are gender discriminatory;(5)within higher education institutions,student organizations have a degree of gender imbalance;(6)campus culture has a hidden agenda of gender discrimination;and(7)employment prospects for women tend to be unequal and discriminatory.展开更多
基金This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants(Nos.71601064,72071067,71801067,71871081)the Major Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China(No.18ZDA064).
文摘Operating efficiency of universities is widely concerned by the education community.As a non-parametric method for efficiently handling multiple inputs and outputs,data envelopment analysis(DEA)is often used for measuring the operating efficiency.However,shared input resources are often ignored in the existing DEA studies.In order to remedy the shortcoming with a focus on teaching and research processes of universities,this paper adopts an extended two-stage network DEA approach to measure the operating efficiency of 52 universities in China using a data set in 2014.The main findings show that:(1)Among the operating efficiency of 52 universities,about one third and two thirds of universities are efficient and inefficient,respectively.It may reflect some problems such as inefficient use of resources or unsatisfactory outcomes for these inefficient universities.By giving first priority to universities’teaching or research process,we provide alternative ways for teaching-oriented or research-oriented universities to benchmark and improve their performance.(2)For the heterogeneity efficiency analysis of different universities,the operating efficiency of“non-985”universities are significantly higher than that of“985”universities,while there is only a small difference on the operating efficiency between comprehensive universities and science&engineering universities.Although the efficiency of the central and western universities is slightly better than that of the eastern universities in terms of the average efficiency,there is no significant efficiency difference among the eastern,central,and western regions statistically.Hence,to improve the operating efficiency of Chinese universities,the Chinese government should improve the financial allocation mechanism and introduce successful budget performance management.For the Chinese universities,they should formulate teaching and scientific research plans according to their own research needs and development goals.
文摘In the field of Chinese higher education,gender is still a significant issue,as is a general ignorance of gender discrimination against women.Issues related to gender can be observed throughout the process of education:at the time of entering an institution,during the educational process and as an outcome of education.The following seven aspects of sexual discrimination occur in Chinese higher education system:(1)Fewer opportunities for women in higher education than for men;(2)within disciplines and specializations there exists the phenomena of gender segregation and diffluence;(3)considerable gender difference exists in the distribution of school resources;(4)teaching materials and teaching content are gender discriminatory;(5)within higher education institutions,student organizations have a degree of gender imbalance;(6)campus culture has a hidden agenda of gender discrimination;and(7)employment prospects for women tend to be unequal and discriminatory.
