H7N9流感病毒感染人类不仅可以侵犯呼吸系统,偶尔还会侵犯中枢神经系统引发流感病毒性脑病(Influenza-associated encephalopathy,IAE)。IAE是引起H7N9感染者死亡的重要因素,但其致病机制尚未阐明。为研究H7N9流感病毒引发IAE的致病机制...H7N9流感病毒感染人类不仅可以侵犯呼吸系统,偶尔还会侵犯中枢神经系统引发流感病毒性脑病(Influenza-associated encephalopathy,IAE)。IAE是引起H7N9感染者死亡的重要因素,但其致病机制尚未阐明。为研究H7N9流感病毒引发IAE的致病机制,本研究以小鼠小胶质细胞(Bv2)以及小鼠神经瘤母细胞(N2a)为研究对象,细胞免疫荧光激光共聚焦显微镜观察Bv2、N2a细胞上流感病毒相关受体SA-α2,6-Gal、SA-α2,3-Gal分布;微滴数字PCR(droplet digital PCR,ddPCR)检测H7N9感染Bv2、N2a细胞扩增情况;液相芯片法检测H7N9感染Bv2、N2a细胞后细胞因子分泌情况。结果显示,Bv2、N2a细胞上都有流感病毒感染相关受体SA-α2,6-Gal、SA-α2,3-Gal的分布。H7N9流感病毒可以成功感染Bv2、N2a细胞,且病毒在Bv2细胞内的扩增效率明显高于N2a细胞。H7N9感染Bv2细胞后出现部分细胞因子分泌量升高现象,而感染N2a细胞后未出现。本研究成功建立了H7N9流感病毒感染Bv2以及N2a细胞模型,为探讨H7N9引发IAE致病机制研究奠定了基础。展开更多
Highly pathogenic influenza A (H5N1) virus causes a widespread poultry deaths worldwide. The first human H5N1 infected case was reported in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China in 1997. Since then, the vir...Highly pathogenic influenza A (H5N1) virus causes a widespread poultry deaths worldwide. The first human H5N1 infected case was reported in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China in 1997. Since then, the virus re-emerged in 2003 and continues to infect people worldwide. Currently, over 400 human infections have been reported in more than 15 countries and mortality rate is greater than 60%. H5N1 viruses still pose a potential pandemic threat in the future because of the continuing global spread and evolution. Here, we summarize the epidemiological, clinical and virological characteristics of human H5N1 infection in China monitored and identified by our national surveillance systems.展开更多
Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N 1 epidemics are a significant public health hazard. Genetically engineered H5N 1 viruses with mammalian transmission activity highlight the potential risk of a human influenza H5N...Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N 1 epidemics are a significant public health hazard. Genetically engineered H5N 1 viruses with mammalian transmission activity highlight the potential risk of a human influenza H5N 1 pandemic. Understanding the underlying principles of the innate immune system in response to influenza H5N 1 viruses will lead to improved prevention and control of these potentially deadly viruses, γδT cells act as the first line of defense against microbial infection and help initiate adaptive immune responses during the early stages of viral infection. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of γδ T cells in response to influenza H5N1 viral infection, We found that recombinant hemagglutinin （rHA） derived from three different strains of influenza H5N 1 viruses elicited the activation of γδ T cells cultured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs）. Both the cell surface expression of CD69, an early activation marker on γδ T cells, and the production of interferon-y （IFN-y） were significantly increased. Notably, the rHA protein-induced γδ T-cell activation was not mediated by TCRγδ, NKG2D or pattern recognition receptors （PRRs） or NKp46 receptors. The interaction of rHA proteins with sialic acid receptors may play a critical role in γδ T-cell activation. Our data may provide insight into the mechanisms underlyingγδT-cell activation in response to infection with H5N1 viruses.展开更多
文摘H7N9流感病毒感染人类不仅可以侵犯呼吸系统,偶尔还会侵犯中枢神经系统引发流感病毒性脑病(Influenza-associated encephalopathy,IAE)。IAE是引起H7N9感染者死亡的重要因素,但其致病机制尚未阐明。为研究H7N9流感病毒引发IAE的致病机制,本研究以小鼠小胶质细胞(Bv2)以及小鼠神经瘤母细胞(N2a)为研究对象,细胞免疫荧光激光共聚焦显微镜观察Bv2、N2a细胞上流感病毒相关受体SA-α2,6-Gal、SA-α2,3-Gal分布;微滴数字PCR(droplet digital PCR,ddPCR)检测H7N9感染Bv2、N2a细胞扩增情况;液相芯片法检测H7N9感染Bv2、N2a细胞后细胞因子分泌情况。结果显示,Bv2、N2a细胞上都有流感病毒感染相关受体SA-α2,6-Gal、SA-α2,3-Gal的分布。H7N9流感病毒可以成功感染Bv2、N2a细胞,且病毒在Bv2细胞内的扩增效率明显高于N2a细胞。H7N9感染Bv2细胞后出现部分细胞因子分泌量升高现象,而感染N2a细胞后未出现。本研究成功建立了H7N9流感病毒感染Bv2以及N2a细胞模型,为探讨H7N9引发IAE致病机制研究奠定了基础。
基金Chinese Nature Science Foundation Key Project (Grant No. 30599433)Chinese Basic Science Research Program (973)Key Project (Grant No. 2005CB523006)
文摘Highly pathogenic influenza A (H5N1) virus causes a widespread poultry deaths worldwide. The first human H5N1 infected case was reported in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China in 1997. Since then, the virus re-emerged in 2003 and continues to infect people worldwide. Currently, over 400 human infections have been reported in more than 15 countries and mortality rate is greater than 60%. H5N1 viruses still pose a potential pandemic threat in the future because of the continuing global spread and evolution. Here, we summarize the epidemiological, clinical and virological characteristics of human H5N1 infection in China monitored and identified by our national surveillance systems.
基金This workwas supported by two grants, No. CHB1-31056-BE-11 from the US Civilian Research ＆ Development Foundation from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and No. 31070785 from the National Natural Science Foundation of China. We thank Dr Jianmin Zhang and Dr Austin Cape for critical reading of the manuscript.
文摘Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N 1 epidemics are a significant public health hazard. Genetically engineered H5N 1 viruses with mammalian transmission activity highlight the potential risk of a human influenza H5N 1 pandemic. Understanding the underlying principles of the innate immune system in response to influenza H5N 1 viruses will lead to improved prevention and control of these potentially deadly viruses, γδT cells act as the first line of defense against microbial infection and help initiate adaptive immune responses during the early stages of viral infection. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of γδ T cells in response to influenza H5N1 viral infection, We found that recombinant hemagglutinin （rHA） derived from three different strains of influenza H5N 1 viruses elicited the activation of γδ T cells cultured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs）. Both the cell surface expression of CD69, an early activation marker on γδ T cells, and the production of interferon-y （IFN-y） were significantly increased. Notably, the rHA protein-induced γδ T-cell activation was not mediated by TCRγδ, NKG2D or pattern recognition receptors （PRRs） or NKp46 receptors. The interaction of rHA proteins with sialic acid receptors may play a critical role in γδ T-cell activation. Our data may provide insight into the mechanisms underlyingγδT-cell activation in response to infection with H5N1 viruses.
