目的研究热风-微波联合干燥方法加工当归药材的可行性,并对加工药材进行质量评价研究。方法分别对热风干燥温度、热风干燥时间、微波干燥电流、微波干燥时间进行考察,根据《中国药典》2015年版当归项下指标对加工药材进行质量评价,结合...目的研究热风-微波联合干燥方法加工当归药材的可行性,并对加工药材进行质量评价研究。方法分别对热风干燥温度、热风干燥时间、微波干燥电流、微波干燥时间进行考察,根据《中国药典》2015年版当归项下指标对加工药材进行质量评价,结合微生物数量和产能,选出最优工艺;分别检测最优工艺加工样品、硫熏样品和阴干样品的微生物数量、重金属及有害元素量和10种活性成分(阿魏酸、阿魏酸松泊酯、洋川芎内酯I、洋川芎内酯H、洋川芎内酯A、E-藁本内酯、Z-藁本内酯、正丁烯基苯酞、riligustilide、欧当归内酯A)量。结果最终确定热风(70℃)干燥20 h+微波(100 m A)干燥6 min为最优工艺。经新方法加工的样品微生物数量与硫熏样品相当,所加工样品重金属及有害元素均未超标,并且对药材活性成分无显著影响。结论经新方法加工的当归药材各项理化指标均符合《中国药典》2015年版规定,热风-微波联合干燥技术可以作为当归药材产地加工中的一种快速干燥方法。展开更多
This study presents the results obtained from magnetic susceptibility and heavy metal （Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cr） concentration measurements of soil profiles collected from arable land and urban parks in Baoshan District, ...This study presents the results obtained from magnetic susceptibility and heavy metal （Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cr） concentration measurements of soil profiles collected from arable land and urban parks in Baoshan District, an industrial district of Shanghai, China. The study focuses on the investigation of vertical variations in magnetic susceptibilities and heavy metal concentrations and on correlations between magnetic susceptibilities and heavy metal concentrations in soil profiles. The results demon- strate that magnetic enhancement in the surface layer of the soil profile is associated with increased heavy metal pollution. The enrichment factors （EF） and the Tomlinson Pollution Load Index （PLI-EF） are calculated for estimat- ing the level of heavy metal pollution of soil profiles in the study. The significant positive correlations between heavy metal contents, enrichment factors （EF）, Tomlinson pollution load index （PLI-CF）, modified Tomlinson pollution load index （PLI-EF）, and magnetic susceptibility （X） indicate that much of the heavy metal contamination in the study area is linked to combustion derived particulate emissions. The results confirm that the combined magnetic measurement and heavy metal concentration analysis could provide useful information for soil monitoring in urban environments. However, the use of magnetic technique to locate the heavy metal pollution boundary in the soil profile of this studied area should be confirmed by further geochemical analysis.展开更多
文摘目的研究热风-微波联合干燥方法加工当归药材的可行性,并对加工药材进行质量评价研究。方法分别对热风干燥温度、热风干燥时间、微波干燥电流、微波干燥时间进行考察,根据《中国药典》2015年版当归项下指标对加工药材进行质量评价,结合微生物数量和产能,选出最优工艺;分别检测最优工艺加工样品、硫熏样品和阴干样品的微生物数量、重金属及有害元素量和10种活性成分(阿魏酸、阿魏酸松泊酯、洋川芎内酯I、洋川芎内酯H、洋川芎内酯A、E-藁本内酯、Z-藁本内酯、正丁烯基苯酞、riligustilide、欧当归内酯A)量。结果最终确定热风(70℃)干燥20 h+微波(100 m A)干燥6 min为最优工艺。经新方法加工的样品微生物数量与硫熏样品相当,所加工样品重金属及有害元素均未超标,并且对药材活性成分无显著影响。结论经新方法加工的当归药材各项理化指标均符合《中国药典》2015年版规定,热风-微波联合干燥技术可以作为当归药材产地加工中的一种快速干燥方法。
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 41001331）, The Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to University （111 Project） and the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai （Grant No. 15ZR1428700）. The authors thank Professor Lu Ming and Zhou Limin of East China Normal University for their help with geochemical analysis. Thanks to Cashion for the language modification.
文摘This study presents the results obtained from magnetic susceptibility and heavy metal （Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cr） concentration measurements of soil profiles collected from arable land and urban parks in Baoshan District, an industrial district of Shanghai, China. The study focuses on the investigation of vertical variations in magnetic susceptibilities and heavy metal concentrations and on correlations between magnetic susceptibilities and heavy metal concentrations in soil profiles. The results demon- strate that magnetic enhancement in the surface layer of the soil profile is associated with increased heavy metal pollution. The enrichment factors （EF） and the Tomlinson Pollution Load Index （PLI-EF） are calculated for estimat- ing the level of heavy metal pollution of soil profiles in the study. The significant positive correlations between heavy metal contents, enrichment factors （EF）, Tomlinson pollution load index （PLI-CF）, modified Tomlinson pollution load index （PLI-EF）, and magnetic susceptibility （X） indicate that much of the heavy metal contamination in the study area is linked to combustion derived particulate emissions. The results confirm that the combined magnetic measurement and heavy metal concentration analysis could provide useful information for soil monitoring in urban environments. However, the use of magnetic technique to locate the heavy metal pollution boundary in the soil profile of this studied area should be confirmed by further geochemical analysis.
