The markedly increased integration of renewable energy in the power grid is of significance in the transition to a sustainable energy future.The grid integration of renewables will be continuously enhanced in the futu...The markedly increased integration of renewable energy in the power grid is of significance in the transition to a sustainable energy future.The grid integration of renewables will be continuously enhanced in the future.According to the International Renewable Energy Agency(IRENA),renewable technology is the main pathway to reach zero carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions by 2060.Power electronics have played and will continue to play a significant role in this energy transition by providing efficient electrical energy conversion,distribution,transmission,and utilization.Consequently,the development of power electronics technologies,i.e.,new semiconductor devices,flexible converters,and advanced control schemes,is promoted extensively across the globe.Among various renewables,wind energy and photovoltaic(PV)are the most widely used,and accordingly these are explored in this paper to demonstrate the role of power electronics.The development of renewable energies and the demands of power electronics are reviewed first.Then,the power conversion and control technologies as well as grid codes for wind and PV systems are discussed.Future trends in terms of power semiconductors,reliability,advanced control,grid-forming operation,and security issues for largescale grid integration of renewables,and intelligent and full user engagement are presented at the end.展开更多
The transitional path towards a highly renewable power system based on wind and solar energy sources is investigated considering their intermittent and spatially distributed characteristics. Using an extensive weather...The transitional path towards a highly renewable power system based on wind and solar energy sources is investigated considering their intermittent and spatially distributed characteristics. Using an extensive weather-driven simulation of hourly power mismatches between generation and load, we explore the interplay between geographical resource complementarity and energy storage strategies. Solar and wind resources are considered at variable spatial scales across Europe and related to the Swiss load curve, which serve as a typical demand side reference. The optimal spatial distribution of renewable units is further assessed through a parameterized optimization method based on a genetic algorithm. It allows us to explore systematically the effective potential of combined integration strategies depending on the sizing of the system, with a focus on how overall performance is affected by the definition of network boundaries. Upper bounds on integration schemes are provided considering both renewable penetration and needed reserve power capacity. The quantitative trade-off between grid extension, storage and optimal wind-solar mix is highlighted.This paper also brings insights on how optimal geographical distribution of renewable units evolves as a function of renewable penetration and grid extent.展开更多
Emissions from the internal combustion engine(ICE) vehicles are one of the primary cause of air pollution and climate change. In recent years, electric vehicles(EVs) are becoming a more sensible alternative to these I...Emissions from the internal combustion engine(ICE) vehicles are one of the primary cause of air pollution and climate change. In recent years, electric vehicles(EVs) are becoming a more sensible alternative to these ICE vehicles. With the recent breakthroughs in battery technology and large-scale production, EVs are becoming cheaper. In the near future,mass deployment of EVs will put severe stress on the existing electrical power system(EPS). Optimal scheduling of EVs can reduce the stress on the existing network while accommodating large-scale integration of EVs. The integration of these EVs can provide several economic benefits to different players in the energy market. In this paper, recent works related to the integration of EV with EPS are classified based on their relevance to different players in the electricity market. This classification refers to four players: generation company(GENCO), distribution system operator(DSO), EV aggregator, and end user. Further classification is done based on scheduling or charging strategies used for the grid integration of EVs. This paper provides a comprehensive review of technical challenges in the grid integration of EVs along with their solution based on optimal scheduling and controlled charging strategies.展开更多
通过分析开放式网格服务架构(open grid service architecture,OGSA)的网格服务过程和Agent行为的特点,建立了网格服务环境下Agent 5个状态的基本行为和网格服务自主行为的对应关系.在此基础上,构建了面向Agent的网格服务与企业现有系...通过分析开放式网格服务架构(open grid service architecture,OGSA)的网格服务过程和Agent行为的特点,建立了网格服务环境下Agent 5个状态的基本行为和网格服务自主行为的对应关系.在此基础上,构建了面向Agent的网格服务与企业现有系统的集成框架,集成框架通过Agent实例和网格服务实例之间的互操作来实现网格服务和企业现有系统的相互调用,给出了其互操作的过程,建立了服务集成Agent的基本构造.实例验证了使用Agent可以有效地集成网格服务和企业现有系统,解决了非面向服务体系结构中调用网格服务所面临的困难.展开更多
The smart grid is attracting more and more attention in electrical engineering for its promising features.However,huge challenges also exist in the implementations of the smart grid,such as high penetration of renewab...The smart grid is attracting more and more attention in electrical engineering for its promising features.However,huge challenges also exist in the implementations of the smart grid,such as high penetration of renewable energy resources,low carbon electricity and cyber-physical security,etc.In this paper,the latest progress of some research focuses and advance technologies in the development of smart grid is reviewed.展开更多
文摘随着能源互联网概念的兴起,不同领域对其内涵具有不同的解读。文中将能源互联网的技术实质归纳为一种网络化能源集成技术,将智能电网定位为能源互联网的核心中枢,提出了能源互联网的三层双向网络架构,并将信息物理系统(cyber physical system)概念扩展为cyber,physical and socioeconomic(CPS)系统。将网络化能源集成的关键技术归纳为统一对等的节点模型、能源集成接口体系、网络化集成条件下的运行与控制,以及基于广义大能源网的能量全生命周期管理。
文摘The markedly increased integration of renewable energy in the power grid is of significance in the transition to a sustainable energy future.The grid integration of renewables will be continuously enhanced in the future.According to the International Renewable Energy Agency(IRENA),renewable technology is the main pathway to reach zero carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions by 2060.Power electronics have played and will continue to play a significant role in this energy transition by providing efficient electrical energy conversion,distribution,transmission,and utilization.Consequently,the development of power electronics technologies,i.e.,new semiconductor devices,flexible converters,and advanced control schemes,is promoted extensively across the globe.Among various renewables,wind energy and photovoltaic(PV)are the most widely used,and accordingly these are explored in this paper to demonstrate the role of power electronics.The development of renewable energies and the demands of power electronics are reviewed first.Then,the power conversion and control technologies as well as grid codes for wind and PV systems are discussed.Future trends in terms of power semiconductors,reliability,advanced control,grid-forming operation,and security issues for largescale grid integration of renewables,and intelligent and full user engagement are presented at the end.
文摘The transitional path towards a highly renewable power system based on wind and solar energy sources is investigated considering their intermittent and spatially distributed characteristics. Using an extensive weather-driven simulation of hourly power mismatches between generation and load, we explore the interplay between geographical resource complementarity and energy storage strategies. Solar and wind resources are considered at variable spatial scales across Europe and related to the Swiss load curve, which serve as a typical demand side reference. The optimal spatial distribution of renewable units is further assessed through a parameterized optimization method based on a genetic algorithm. It allows us to explore systematically the effective potential of combined integration strategies depending on the sizing of the system, with a focus on how overall performance is affected by the definition of network boundaries. Upper bounds on integration schemes are provided considering both renewable penetration and needed reserve power capacity. The quantitative trade-off between grid extension, storage and optimal wind-solar mix is highlighted.This paper also brings insights on how optimal geographical distribution of renewable units evolves as a function of renewable penetration and grid extent.
文摘Emissions from the internal combustion engine(ICE) vehicles are one of the primary cause of air pollution and climate change. In recent years, electric vehicles(EVs) are becoming a more sensible alternative to these ICE vehicles. With the recent breakthroughs in battery technology and large-scale production, EVs are becoming cheaper. In the near future,mass deployment of EVs will put severe stress on the existing electrical power system(EPS). Optimal scheduling of EVs can reduce the stress on the existing network while accommodating large-scale integration of EVs. The integration of these EVs can provide several economic benefits to different players in the energy market. In this paper, recent works related to the integration of EV with EPS are classified based on their relevance to different players in the electricity market. This classification refers to four players: generation company(GENCO), distribution system operator(DSO), EV aggregator, and end user. Further classification is done based on scheduling or charging strategies used for the grid integration of EVs. This paper provides a comprehensive review of technical challenges in the grid integration of EVs along with their solution based on optimal scheduling and controlled charging strategies.
文摘通过分析开放式网格服务架构(open grid service architecture,OGSA)的网格服务过程和Agent行为的特点,建立了网格服务环境下Agent 5个状态的基本行为和网格服务自主行为的对应关系.在此基础上,构建了面向Agent的网格服务与企业现有系统的集成框架,集成框架通过Agent实例和网格服务实例之间的互操作来实现网格服务和企业现有系统的相互调用,给出了其互操作的过程,建立了服务集成Agent的基本构造.实例验证了使用Agent可以有效地集成网格服务和企业现有系统,解决了非面向服务体系结构中调用网格服务所面临的困难.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation ofChina(50977047)the National Science Foundation for Post-doctoral Scientists of China(20110490351)
文摘The smart grid is attracting more and more attention in electrical engineering for its promising features.However,huge challenges also exist in the implementations of the smart grid,such as high penetration of renewable energy resources,low carbon electricity and cyber-physical security,etc.In this paper,the latest progress of some research focuses and advance technologies in the development of smart grid is reviewed.
