The sum of the dissipative energy and energy constant of the GOCE satellite is found by a priori gravity field model at first, and the GOCE dissipative energy is obtained by computing the adjacent epoch difference via...The sum of the dissipative energy and energy constant of the GOCE satellite is found by a priori gravity field model at first, and the GOCE dissipative energy is obtained by computing the adjacent epoch difference via the differential method. Then, a gravity field model GOCE-ECPO1, which up to the degree and order 80, is recovered by the energy conservation approach from the 103-day precise orbital data of the GOCE satellite collected from November 1, 2009 to January 12, 2010. Finally, the model is compared with existing models EGM96, ITG-CHAMP05S, EIGEN-GRACE2010S, EIGEN-6C and GO CONS GCF 2 DIR_R3. The results show that at the same order and degree, the accuracy of model GOCE-EBPO1 is higher than those of models EGM96 and ITG-CHAMP05S, but lower than those of models EIGEN-GRACE2010S, EIGEN-6C and GO_CONS_GCF 2 DIR_R3, which is mainly caused by the pole gap.展开更多
The unification of gravity and electricity since the early 20<sup>th</sup> century and the unification of four fundamental forces since the 1970s have become a mainstream of physical study by using differe...The unification of gravity and electricity since the early 20<sup>th</sup> century and the unification of four fundamental forces since the 1970s have become a mainstream of physical study by using different theories and methods. This paper introduces a dynamical approach to respectively reveal the physical natures of gravity and electricity as well as strong and weak forces. The results showed that the nature of gravity is a dynamical product of mass-energy linear distributions between two adjacent objects and the nature of electricity is a dynamical product of mass-energy linear distributions between two adjacent unlike charges. Potential nuclear energies are mathematically shown by the products of mass-energy linear distributions between proton-neutron particles as well as hadron-lepton particles, which are also initially generated through external perpendicular forces with the maximum efficiency. Thus, four kinds of potential mass-energy space-time distribution rather than four long- and short-range forces showed a common mathematical expression or similarity among them by using this approach.展开更多
This study investigates the spatial and temporal variability of global stratospheric gravity waves(GWs) and the characteristics of GW activity during sudden stratospheric warming(SSW) using the GPS radio occultation m...This study investigates the spatial and temporal variability of global stratospheric gravity waves(GWs) and the characteristics of GW activity during sudden stratospheric warming(SSW) using the GPS radio occultation measurements from the COSMIC mission during September 2006 to May 2013. Corresponding to the COSMIC RO observational window and analysis method,GW potential energy(Ep) with vertical scales no shorter than ～2 km is resolved. It is found that the distributions of GW Ep over 20-30 km and 30-38 km show similar spatial and seasonal variations. The variations of GW Ep with altitude and latitude along the westerly wind are identified in different seasons over 60°-80°W. In the middle and high latitudes,seasonal cycles are distinct in the time-latitude and time-altitude distributions of GW activities,which show larger Ep in winters when westerly wind dominates and smaller Ep in summers when easterly wind dominates. The influence of quasi-biennial oscillation on GW activity is recognized in the tropics. GW Ep enhances closely following the occurrence of minor SSW events; while during major events, GW Ep may not enhance, and sometimes may even weaken,in the regions where reversals of zonal wind occur, probably caused by the filtering impact of the 0 ms^(-1) wind level on the GWs.展开更多
To determine the lateral and vertical variations in crustal structure and their influence on the seismicity of the Western North China Craton,the Trans-North China Orogen,and the surrounding regions,the wavelet multi-...To determine the lateral and vertical variations in crustal structure and their influence on the seismicity of the Western North China Craton,the Trans-North China Orogen,and the surrounding regions,the wavelet multi-scale structures,Moho depth,crustal density structures,and isostatic state are modelled using Bouguer gravity anomaly data,topography,and earthquake focal mechanisms.We obtained homogeneous crustal densities and deviations of<1 km between the crustal thicknesses estimated from the isostatic model and those inverted from the Bouguer gravity anomalies in the Ordos Block,the Inner Mongolia Suture Zone,the Sichuan Basin,and the Jizhong Depression.These results provide new evidence for relatively simple and stable continental crustal structures,and indicate that these regions will remain stable in both the vertical and lateral directions.The Hetao Graben,Yinchuan Graben,Weihe Basin,and Shanxi graben system have heterogeneous crustal densities and are isostatically over-compensated.In contrast,the crust beneath the Yinshan Uplift,Lvliang Uplift,and northern and central Taihang Uplift is thin and under-compensated.The heterogeneous crustal densities and non-isostatic state beneath the Tibetan Plateau and Qinling Central China Orogen indicate that these two blocks are unstable in the vertical and lateral directions.Although Cenozoic deformation of the North China Craton is thought to be driven by lithospheric stresses related to the India-Eurasia collision and Pacific slab retreat in South East Asia,we suggest that gravitational potential energy created by the heterogeneous crustal structure modulates these first-order forces.The results of this study could constrain the causes of seismicity in systems surrounding the Ordos Block.展开更多
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(SWJTU12BR012)
文摘The sum of the dissipative energy and energy constant of the GOCE satellite is found by a priori gravity field model at first, and the GOCE dissipative energy is obtained by computing the adjacent epoch difference via the differential method. Then, a gravity field model GOCE-ECPO1, which up to the degree and order 80, is recovered by the energy conservation approach from the 103-day precise orbital data of the GOCE satellite collected from November 1, 2009 to January 12, 2010. Finally, the model is compared with existing models EGM96, ITG-CHAMP05S, EIGEN-GRACE2010S, EIGEN-6C and GO CONS GCF 2 DIR_R3. The results show that at the same order and degree, the accuracy of model GOCE-EBPO1 is higher than those of models EGM96 and ITG-CHAMP05S, but lower than those of models EIGEN-GRACE2010S, EIGEN-6C and GO_CONS_GCF 2 DIR_R3, which is mainly caused by the pole gap.
文摘The unification of gravity and electricity since the early 20<sup>th</sup> century and the unification of four fundamental forces since the 1970s have become a mainstream of physical study by using different theories and methods. This paper introduces a dynamical approach to respectively reveal the physical natures of gravity and electricity as well as strong and weak forces. The results showed that the nature of gravity is a dynamical product of mass-energy linear distributions between two adjacent objects and the nature of electricity is a dynamical product of mass-energy linear distributions between two adjacent unlike charges. Potential nuclear energies are mathematically shown by the products of mass-energy linear distributions between proton-neutron particles as well as hadron-lepton particles, which are also initially generated through external perpendicular forces with the maximum efficiency. Thus, four kinds of potential mass-energy space-time distribution rather than four long- and short-range forces showed a common mathematical expression or similarity among them by using this approach.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.41774033 and 41774032)
文摘This study investigates the spatial and temporal variability of global stratospheric gravity waves(GWs) and the characteristics of GW activity during sudden stratospheric warming(SSW) using the GPS radio occultation measurements from the COSMIC mission during September 2006 to May 2013. Corresponding to the COSMIC RO observational window and analysis method,GW potential energy(Ep) with vertical scales no shorter than ～2 km is resolved. It is found that the distributions of GW Ep over 20-30 km and 30-38 km show similar spatial and seasonal variations. The variations of GW Ep with altitude and latitude along the westerly wind are identified in different seasons over 60°-80°W. In the middle and high latitudes,seasonal cycles are distinct in the time-latitude and time-altitude distributions of GW activities,which show larger Ep in winters when westerly wind dominates and smaller Ep in summers when easterly wind dominates. The influence of quasi-biennial oscillation on GW activity is recognized in the tropics. GW Ep enhances closely following the occurrence of minor SSW events; while during major events, GW Ep may not enhance, and sometimes may even weaken,in the regions where reversals of zonal wind occur, probably caused by the filtering impact of the 0 ms^(-1) wind level on the GWs.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFC0600501)National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2015CB452605)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41702075 and 41572315)Geological Survey Project of China (Grant No. DD20160045)the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China (Grant No. 41430320)
文摘To determine the lateral and vertical variations in crustal structure and their influence on the seismicity of the Western North China Craton,the Trans-North China Orogen,and the surrounding regions,the wavelet multi-scale structures,Moho depth,crustal density structures,and isostatic state are modelled using Bouguer gravity anomaly data,topography,and earthquake focal mechanisms.We obtained homogeneous crustal densities and deviations of<1 km between the crustal thicknesses estimated from the isostatic model and those inverted from the Bouguer gravity anomalies in the Ordos Block,the Inner Mongolia Suture Zone,the Sichuan Basin,and the Jizhong Depression.These results provide new evidence for relatively simple and stable continental crustal structures,and indicate that these regions will remain stable in both the vertical and lateral directions.The Hetao Graben,Yinchuan Graben,Weihe Basin,and Shanxi graben system have heterogeneous crustal densities and are isostatically over-compensated.In contrast,the crust beneath the Yinshan Uplift,Lvliang Uplift,and northern and central Taihang Uplift is thin and under-compensated.The heterogeneous crustal densities and non-isostatic state beneath the Tibetan Plateau and Qinling Central China Orogen indicate that these two blocks are unstable in the vertical and lateral directions.Although Cenozoic deformation of the North China Craton is thought to be driven by lithospheric stresses related to the India-Eurasia collision and Pacific slab retreat in South East Asia,we suggest that gravitational potential energy created by the heterogeneous crustal structure modulates these first-order forces.The results of this study could constrain the causes of seismicity in systems surrounding the Ordos Block.
