For years,there has been a considerable interest in linguistic differentiation associated with the speaker’s gender.Based on the researches and investigations of many linguists,this paper examines the linguistic gend...For years,there has been a considerable interest in linguistic differentiation associated with the speaker’s gender.Based on the researches and investigations of many linguists,this paper examines the linguistic gender differences from the following respects:gender difference in phonology,gender difference in lexicon,gender difference in syntax and gender differences in pragmatics.The awareness of these linguistic differences between different genders can facilitate people’s communication in their daily lives.展开更多
The feminization-1c(fem-1c)gene has been shown to be associated with sex differentiation and determination in many metazoan species.It belongs to the fem-1 family which is a member of the ANK superfamily.In this study...The feminization-1c(fem-1c)gene has been shown to be associated with sex differentiation and determination in many metazoan species.It belongs to the fem-1 family which is a member of the ANK superfamily.In this study,the full-length cDNA of the fem-1c(Hcfem-1c)gene was isolated from the freshwater mussel(Hypriopsis cumingii).The isolated Hcfem-1c cDNA was 2196 bp in length and encoded a putative protein of 621 amino acids that contains seven ANK domains.Phylogenetic analysis of the deduced HcFEM-1C protein showed that it clustered with the other invertebrates homologues,indicating that the sequence of HcFEM-1C was conserved during evolution.Quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR)expression revealed that the Hcfem-1c gene was expressed in the adductor muscle,foot,liver,gill,kidney,mantle,and gonads of male and female adult mussels(two years old).In the gonads Hcfem-1c was much less abundant in males than that in females.During early development of the gonads,Hcfem-1c transcripts were significantly increased in the primordial germ cell differentiation stage(5 months old).We hypothesized that Hcfem-1c probably regulates female gonad differentiation.In situ hybridization showed that a strong and specific signal concentrated in the female oocyte cell membrane and male follicular wall,indicating that Hcfem-1c gene may not only be involved in female gonad differentiation,but also participates in egg development.This study laid the foundations for a better understanding of gender differentiation mechanism in H.cumingii.展开更多
文摘For years,there has been a considerable interest in linguistic differentiation associated with the speaker’s gender.Based on the researches and investigations of many linguists,this paper examines the linguistic gender differences from the following respects:gender difference in phonology,gender difference in lexicon,gender difference in syntax and gender differences in pragmatics.The awareness of these linguistic differences between different genders can facilitate people’s communication in their daily lives.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 31772835]the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission[grant number 13ZZ128]the Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding[grant number ZF1206].
文摘The feminization-1c(fem-1c)gene has been shown to be associated with sex differentiation and determination in many metazoan species.It belongs to the fem-1 family which is a member of the ANK superfamily.In this study,the full-length cDNA of the fem-1c(Hcfem-1c)gene was isolated from the freshwater mussel(Hypriopsis cumingii).The isolated Hcfem-1c cDNA was 2196 bp in length and encoded a putative protein of 621 amino acids that contains seven ANK domains.Phylogenetic analysis of the deduced HcFEM-1C protein showed that it clustered with the other invertebrates homologues,indicating that the sequence of HcFEM-1C was conserved during evolution.Quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR)expression revealed that the Hcfem-1c gene was expressed in the adductor muscle,foot,liver,gill,kidney,mantle,and gonads of male and female adult mussels(two years old).In the gonads Hcfem-1c was much less abundant in males than that in females.During early development of the gonads,Hcfem-1c transcripts were significantly increased in the primordial germ cell differentiation stage(5 months old).We hypothesized that Hcfem-1c probably regulates female gonad differentiation.In situ hybridization showed that a strong and specific signal concentrated in the female oocyte cell membrane and male follicular wall,indicating that Hcfem-1c gene may not only be involved in female gonad differentiation,but also participates in egg development.This study laid the foundations for a better understanding of gender differentiation mechanism in H.cumingii.
