摘要
【目的】研究鸡胚孵化过程中,通过不同方法判断其性别分化的时间。【方法】以黄羽肉鸡胚蛋为研究对象,孵化黄羽肉鸡胚蛋(温度37.8℃,相对湿度60%)。分别通过胚线观察法、生殖腺器官形态观察法、组织学形态学、分子生物学来判断鸡的性别分化期,试验重复3次。【结果】通过胚线观察法分析发现,在鸡胚孵化期第3天,可以通过血管分支的粗细和形态来辨别雌雄。通过生殖腺器官的观察,在孵化期第8天,能够明显关察到雄性性腺对称发育,雌性性腺则不对称发育。通过组织学形态鉴定,在孵化期第7~10天,观察到雄性性腺有类似于曲精细管的团索状结构出现,雌性性腺有皮髓结构出现,能够判定鸡胚性别分化期可能为胚胎孵化期第7天。通过分子生物学鉴定,孵化期第3~10天,观察到雄性个体有1条扩增条带,其大小是为550 bp左右,观察到雌性个体有2条扩增条带,其大小为550 bp和450 bp左右,因此判定性别分化期可能为孵化期第3天。【结论】综上判定鸡性别分化期约在胚胎孵化期第3~8天。
【Objective】This study aims to determine the period of sex differentiation during the incubation of chicken embryos.【Method】The research subject was the yellow feather broiler.The incubation conditions for fertilized eggs were set at a temperature of 37.8℃and a humidity of 60%RH.The egg shape index method,embryo line observation,gonad organ morphology,gonad histology observation,and molecular biology identification were utilized to ascertain the stage of sex differentiation in the developing embryos.The experiment was conducted three times.【Result】Using the embryo line observation method,it was found that by the third day of incubation,male and female embryos could be distinguished based on the thickness and shape of blood vessel branches.Morphological examination of gonadal organs on the eighth day revealed that male gonads developed symmetrically,whereas female gonads developed asymmetrically.Histological observation of the gonads from seven to ten days of incubation indicated that female gonads exhibited a cortex and medulla structure,whereas male gonads displayed a structure resembling convoluted seminiferous tubules.The initial determination of the sex differentiation stage in chicken embryos was identified as occurring on the seventh day of development.Subsequent molecular biology testing showed a single amplification band in males,approximately 550 base pairs(bp)in size,between three to ten days of incubation.In contrast,females displayed two amplification bands,sized at 550 and 450 bp.Therefore,the sex differentiation stage,as determined by molecular biology methods,may be identified as early as the third day of incubation.【Conclusion】The sex differentiation of chicken embryos occurs between the third and eighth days of embryonic incubation.
作者
王梦磊
赵思琦
徐梦竹
王璐平
高磊
史娜
王菊花
WANG Menglei;ZHAO Siqi;XU Mengzhu;WANG Luping;GAO Lei;SHI Na;WANG Juhua(College of Animal Science and Technology,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;Forestry and Grassland Development Center of Ejin Horo Banner,Ordos City,Ordos 017200,China)
出处
《甘肃农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期17-23,共7页
Journal of Gansu Agricultural University
基金
大学生创新创业项目(X202210364028)
安徽省高校自然科学基金(KJ2021A0153)。
关键词
鸡胚
孵化
性别分化
判定
chicken embryo
gonadal development
gender differentiation
determination
