We recently read the opinion piece titled“Why people should run after positive affective experiences instead of health benefits”,which was carried out by Maltagliati et al.^(1)and published in the Journal of Sport a...We recently read the opinion piece titled“Why people should run after positive affective experiences instead of health benefits”,which was carried out by Maltagliati et al.^(1)and published in the Journal of Sport and Health Science.The article started an important discussion about a physical activity(PA)promotion approach that encourages the use of affective experience to PA activity.Although we agree with the authors’point of view and believe that its message can generate an important insight for PA promotion,the authors presented a scenario where behavior change seems to be exclusively dependent on the individual.Recognizing the existence of other barriers to an active lifestyle(e.g.,social inequalities)could enhance the authors’suggested approach because many people live in conditions that reduce their opportunities to engage in affective experiences related to PA;furthermore,affective experiences can vary depending on individual context.展开更多
以金针菇子实体为试验材料,研究其可溶性膳食纤维(SDF)与不溶性膳食纤维(IDF)对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色假丝酵母及保加利亚乳杆菌体外生长的影响。结果表明,金针菇可溶性膳食纤维对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色假丝酵母有显...以金针菇子实体为试验材料,研究其可溶性膳食纤维(SDF)与不溶性膳食纤维(IDF)对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色假丝酵母及保加利亚乳杆菌体外生长的影响。结果表明,金针菇可溶性膳食纤维对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色假丝酵母有显著的抑制作用,而对保加利亚乳杆菌有显著的促进作用,且其抑制或促进效果随着SDF添加量的增加而提高;金针菇不溶性膳食纤维对保加利亚乳杆菌有显著的促生长作用,与其添加量呈正相关,而对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的影响与其添加量有关。添加量为2.4 g/100 m L时,IDF对大肠杆菌和白色假丝酵母的抑制效果最佳,抑制率分别为6.68%和14.49%;添加量为0.6 g/100 m L时,IDF对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制效果最佳,抑制率为3.50%。该研究结果将会为菌质膳食纤维保健食品的开发提供重要参考依据。展开更多
of main observation and conclusion Molecular geometry engineering is an efective strategy to control the micromorphology and molecularenergy level in organic photovoltaics(OPVs).Two novel copolymers based on alkysilyl...of main observation and conclusion Molecular geometry engineering is an efective strategy to control the micromorphology and molecularenergy level in organic photovoltaics(OPVs).Two novel copolymers based on alkysilyl-and chloride-functionalied benzodithiophene(BDT)were designed and synthesized for wide bandgap copolymer donor materials in OPVs.It was found that the two copolymers exhited distinctly different proper-ties in active layer when blended with fulerene-fre acceptor T-4.The chloride-functionalited copolymer PBDTCI-TZ2 with deeper molecular energy leveland better coplanar structure induced more ordered aggregation in blend flm.Thus,the device based on PBDTC-TZ exhibits better energy alinmentwith IT-4F and smallr radiative recombination.furthermore,the non-radiative recombination of PBDTCI-TZ.T-4F based device is about 45 mV lowerthan the PBDTS-TZ/T-4F based device,contributing to a lower enery loss(Ein,and a higher open-cicut voltage(Vc).As a resut,the devices based onthe blend of PBDTC-TZ2.IT-4F exhibit a high power conversion efficiency(PCE)of up to 12.2%with a high Vvoe of 0.837 Vv,higher than that of PBDTSi-TZ:IT-4F,of which the PCE is 11.2%with a Voc of 0.781V.展开更多
Due to the rise in our aging population,a disproportionate demand for total joint arthroplasty(TJA)in the elderly is forecast.Periprosthetic joint infection(PJI)represents one of the most challenging complications tha...Due to the rise in our aging population,a disproportionate demand for total joint arthroplasty(TJA)in the elderly is forecast.Periprosthetic joint infection(PJI)represents one of the most challenging complications that can occur following TJA,and as the number of primary and revision TJAs continues to rise,an increasing PJI burden is projected.Despite advances in operating room sterility,antiseptic protocols,and surgical techniques,approaches to prevent and treat PJI remain difficult,primarily due to the formation of microbial biofilms.This difficulty motivates researchers to continue searching for an effective antimicrobial strategy.The dextrorotatory-isoforms of amino acids(D-AAs)are essential components of peptidoglycan within the bacterial cell wall,providing strength and structural integrity in a diverse range of species.Among many tasks,D-AAs regulate cell morphology,spore germination,and bacterial survival,evasion,subversion,and adhesion in the host immune system.When administered exogenously,accumulating data have demonstrated that D-AAs play a pivotal role against bacterial adhesion to abiotic surfaces and subsequent biofilm formation;furthermore,D-AAs have substantial efficacy in promoting biofilm disassembly.This presents D-AAs as promising and novel targets for future therapeutic approaches.Despite their emerging antibacterial efficacy,their role in disrupting PJI biofilm formation,the disassembly of established TJA biofilm,and the host bone tissue response remains largely unexplored.This review aims to examine the role of D-AAs in the context of TJAs.Data to date suggest that D-AA bioengineering may serve as a promising future strategy in the prevention and treatment of PJI.展开更多
Globally known about the drivers through which farmers are instigated to uphold and use Hail Canon Technology(HCT)is lacking.Therefore,this article intended to examine the drivers of forecasting the behavioral intenti...Globally known about the drivers through which farmers are instigated to uphold and use Hail Canon Technology(HCT)is lacking.Therefore,this article intended to examine the drivers of forecasting the behavioral intention and acceptance behavior of the HCT,249 apple farmers from northwestern Iran were recruited,including adopters(n1=114)and non-adopters(n2=135).The conceptual foundation included demographic theory,resource-based theory,theory of planned behavior,innovation diffusion model,and institutional support model.We also used the system dynamics model(SDM)in the Netlogo to assess the results of the conventional statistical approach(i.e.,the logistic model).Authenticated the fitness of conceptual model with the data,logistic model manifests that the most outstanding determinants of the acceptance of HCT entail age,experience,total land size,income,attitude,compatibility,visibility,relative advantage,and financial support.Using the SDM,it was also shown that the results of the logistic model are confirmed by the SDM.In conclusion,management implications are available for the university extension to eliminate the adoption obstacles and stir up farmers to join in applying HCT,furthermore,researchers would avail themselves of remarks for future research.展开更多
Conventional optical tweezers based on traditional optical microscopes are subject to the diffraction limit,making the precise trapping and manipulation of very small particles challenging.Plasmonic optical tweezers c...Conventional optical tweezers based on traditional optical microscopes are subject to the diffraction limit,making the precise trapping and manipulation of very small particles challenging.Plasmonic optical tweezers can surpass this constraint,but many potential applications would benefit from further enhanced performance and/or expanded functionalities.In this Perspective,we discuss trends in plasmonic tweezers and describe important opportunities presented by its interdisciplinary combination with other techniques in nanoscience.We furthermore highlight several open questions concerning fundamentals that are likely to be important for many potential applications.展开更多
A. K. Begelbahyev investigated problems of determination of stability limit for autonomous motion and non-autonomous motion of non-linear automatic control systems; as well as problems of determination of stability li...A. K. Begelbahyev investigated problems of determination of stability limit for autonomous motion and non-autonomous motion of non-linear automatic control systems; as well as problems of determination of stability limit for autonomous motion of non-linear automatic control systems with time-lags. Recently, the author used the method introduced in [4] to improve the results of [2].展开更多
To decipher the transcriptomic regulation of the on-tree fruit maturation in pear cv.‘Abate Fetel’,a RNA-seq transcription analysis identified 8939 genes differentially expressed across four harvesting stages.These ...To decipher the transcriptomic regulation of the on-tree fruit maturation in pear cv.‘Abate Fetel’,a RNA-seq transcription analysis identified 8939 genes differentially expressed across four harvesting stages.These genes were grouped into 11 SOTA clusters based on their transcriptional pattern,of which three included genes upregulated while the other four were represented by downregulated genes.Fruit ripening was furthermore investigated after 1 month of postharvest cold storage.The most important variation in fruit firmness,production of ethylene and volatile organic compounds were observed after 5 days of shelf-life at room temperature following cold storage.The role of ethylene in controlling the ripening of‘Abate Fetel’pears was furthermore investigated through the application of 1-methylcyclopropene,which efficiently delayed the progression of ripening by reducing fruit softening and repressing both ethylene and volatile production.The physiological response of the interference at the ethylene receptor level was moreover unraveled investigating the expression pattern of 12 candidate genes,initially selected to validate the RNA-seq profile.This analysis confirmed the effective role of the ethylene competitor in downregulating the expression of cell wall(PG)and ethylene-related genes(ACS,ACO,ERS1,and ERS2),as well as inducing one element involved in the auxin signaling pathway(Aux/IAA),highlighting a possible cross-talk between these two hormones.The expression patterns of these six elements suggest their use as molecular toolkit to monitor at molecular level the progression of the fruit on-tree maturation and postharvest ripening.展开更多
The biosynthesis of host lipids and/or lipid droplets(LDs)has been studied extensively as a putative therapeutic target in diverse viral infections.However,directly targeting the LD lipolytic catabolism in virus-infec...The biosynthesis of host lipids and/or lipid droplets(LDs)has been studied extensively as a putative therapeutic target in diverse viral infections.However,directly targeting the LD lipolytic catabolism in virus-infected cells has not been widely investigated.Here,we show the linkage of the LD-associated lipase activation to the breakdown of LDs for the generation of free fatty acids(FFAs)at the late stage of diverse RNA viral infections,which represents a broad-spectrum antiviral target.Dysfunction of membrane transporter systems due to virus-induced cell injury results in intracellular malnutrition at the late stage of infection,thereby making the virus more dependent on the FFAs generated from LD storage for viral morphogenesis and as a source of energy.The replication of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus(IAV),which is suppressed by the treatment with LD-associated lipases inhibitors,is rescued by supplementation with FFAs.The administration of lipase inhibitors,either individually or in a combination with virus-targeting drugs,protects mice from lethal IAV infection and mitigates severe lung lesions in SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters.Moreover,the lipase inhibitors significantly reduce proinflammatory cytokine levels in the lungs of SARS-CoV-2-and IAV-challenged animals,a cause of a cytokine storm important for the critical infection or mortality of COVID-19 and IAV patients.In conclusion,the results reveal that lipase-mediated intracellular LD lipolysis is commonly exploited to facilitate RNA virus replication and furthermore suggest that pharmacological inhibitors of LD-associated lipases could be used to curb current COVID-19-and future pandemic outbreaks of potentially troublesome RNA virus infection in humans.展开更多
The new plant breeding technologies(NPBTs)have recently emerged as powerful tools in the context of‘green’biotechnologies.They have wide potential compared to classical genetic engineering and they are attracting th...The new plant breeding technologies(NPBTs)have recently emerged as powerful tools in the context of‘green’biotechnologies.They have wide potential compared to classical genetic engineering and they are attracting the interest of politicians,stakeholders and citizens due to the revolutionary impact they may have on agriculture.Cisgenesis and genome editing potentially allow to obtain pathogen-resistant plants or plants with enhanced qualitative traits by introducing or disrupting specific genes in shorter times compared to traditional breeding programs and by means of minimal modifications in the plant genome.Grapevine,the most important fruit crop in the world from an economical point of view,is a peculiar case for NPBTs because of the load of cultural aspects,varietal traditions and consumer demands,which hinder the use of classical breeding techniques and,furthermore,the application of genetic engineering to wine grape cultivars.Here we explore the technical challenges which may hamper the application of cisgenesis and genome editing to this perennial plant,in particular focusing on the bottlenecks of the Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer.In addition,strategies to eliminate undesired sequences from the genome and to choose proper target sites are discussed in light of peculiar features of this species.Furthermore is reported an update of the international legislative frameworks regulating NPBT products which shows conflicting positions and,in the case of the European Union,a prolonged lack of regulation.展开更多
Dear Editor,Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)are instrumental in hematogenous metastasis and are widely studied using liquid biopsy methods.These involve analysis and characterization of CTCs from fractionally small blood...Dear Editor,Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)are instrumental in hematogenous metastasis and are widely studied using liquid biopsy methods.These involve analysis and characterization of CTCs from fractionally small blood samples drawn from patients1.Liquid biopsy implicitly assumes that the number and phenotypical distribution of CTCs in small blood samples is representative of the full peripheral blood volume,and furthermore that CTC numbers are approximately constant over the days and hours surrounding the blood draw.展开更多
of main observation and conclusion Flectrochemical CO2 reduction into value-added liquid fuels using CO2 neutral renewable energy sourcesis very promising to solve climatic issues.In order to realie their practical ap...of main observation and conclusion Flectrochemical CO2 reduction into value-added liquid fuels using CO2 neutral renewable energy sourcesis very promising to solve climatic issues.In order to realie their practical applications,highly active and inexpensive elecrocatalyts are urgently re.quired.In this study we have experimentlly achieved high electrocatalytic activty towards CO2 reduction for the synthesis of formate with an enhancedcurrent density of 15.1 mA·cm^-2 and significantly improved Farapaic efficiency of 98.4%upon electrochemical reduced ultrathin bismuth oxybromidenanoshets.Moreover,the stable performance during 24h of operation is also obtained.Ffurthermore,by detecting the exposed cystal plane after surface reorganization and applying density functional theory calculations,the possitle reaction pathways and catalytic active plane of the derved bismuthcatalyst are put forward,which would offer basic and design principles to directly develop the optimized metal Bi atalysts for enhanced electrocatalyticco conversion to formate.展开更多
Antibodies are valued reagents in most modern laboratories and indispensable for many experiments.They can be utilized in a wide range of experimental setups designed to elucidate various scientific questions.In our l...Antibodies are valued reagents in most modern laboratories and indispensable for many experiments.They can be utilized in a wide range of experimental setups designed to elucidate various scientific questions.In our laboratory,antibodies are used to investigate protein localization,quantity and phosphorylation state,展开更多
This review reports the recent progress and future prospects of wettability gradient surfaces (WGSs), particularly focusing on the governing principles, fabrication methods, classification, characterization, and appli...This review reports the recent progress and future prospects of wettability gradient surfaces (WGSs), particularly focusing on the governing principles, fabrication methods, classification, characterization, and applications. While transforming the inherent wettability into artificial wettability via bioinspiration, topographic micro/nanostructures are produced with changed surface energy, resulting in new droplet wetting regimes and droplet dynamic regimes. WGSs have been mainly classified in dry and wet surfaces, depending on the apparent surface states. Wettability gradient has long been documented as a surface phenomenon inducing the droplet mobility in the direction of decreasing wettability. However, it is herein critically emphasized that the wettability gradient does not always result in droplet mobility. Indeed, the sticky and slippery dynamic regimes exist in WGSs, prohibiting or allowing the droplet mobility, respectively. Lastly, the stringent bottlenecks encountered by WGSs are highlighted along with solution-oriented recommendations, and furthermore, phase change materials are strongly anticipated as a new class in WGSs. In all, WGSs intend to open up new technological insights for applications, encompassing water harvesting, droplet and bubble manipulation, controllable microfluidic systems, and condensation heat transfer, among others.展开更多
The study evaluates and compares the leaf number(LN)of two rice types,Hybrid Indica(HI)and Japonica(J),and their response to three different nitrogen rates.A split plot experiment was conducted in Danyang District,Jia...The study evaluates and compares the leaf number(LN)of two rice types,Hybrid Indica(HI)and Japonica(J),and their response to three different nitrogen rates.A split plot experiment was conducted in Danyang District,Jiangsu Province in China,from 2017 to 2018 both rice growing seasons.It was carried out using the Transplanting machine,and the spacing was 17 cm×30 cm.A split zone design was adopted,with three different levels of nitrogen:N0-0,N1-150 kg hm^(-2) and N2-300 kg hm^(-2).The areas were isolated with a brick wall to ensure that each main area drained separately.Urea appliance:tiller fertilizer:panicle fertilizer=4:3:3,P_(2)O_(5)-150 kg hm^(-2) were used as base fertilizer,Potassium chloride 300 kg hm^(-2):panicle fertilizer=5:5.Nitrogen rates(N)significantly influenced the LN of Hybrid Indica cultivars.The first year N0=15.5,N150=15.7,N300=15.9 and the second year N0=15.9,N150=16.3,N300=16.5 with a significant difference between both years.However,Japonica rice cultivars were not as responsive to N as Hybrid Indica's were.The Japonica LN on N0=16.2,N150=16,N300=16.8,and N0=16.4,N150=16.6,N300=16.5 for 2017 and 2018 respectively,with a significant difference in the first year only at N300.The results revealed that LN varies greatly among varieties,furthermore the nitrogen fertilizer and the year of the experiment played a major role on LN outcome.展开更多
The Multimedia Information Processing System(MMIPS)is an distributed & integrated system to combine the voice, images, graphics, and text information processing technology in an organic whole and to coordinate the...The Multimedia Information Processing System(MMIPS)is an distributed & integrated system to combine the voice, images, graphics, and text information processing technology in an organic whole and to coordinate the whole processing functions. The research on the system network environments of the MMIPS play a very important part in that whether the all sorts media of MMIPS can present automatically,effectively,coordinately and comprehensively in front of users or展开更多
Diabetes treatment and rehabilitation are usually a lifetime process.Optogenetic engineered designer cell-therapy holds great promise in regulating blood glucose homeostasis.However,portable,sustainable,and long-term ...Diabetes treatment and rehabilitation are usually a lifetime process.Optogenetic engineered designer cell-therapy holds great promise in regulating blood glucose homeostasis.However,portable,sustainable,and long-term energy supplementation has previously presented a challenge for the use of optogenetic stimulation in vivo.Herein,we_purpose a self-powered optogenetic system(SOS)for implantable blood glucose control.The SOS consists of a biocompatible far-red light(FRL)source,FRL-triggered transgene-expressing cells,a power management unit,and a flexible implantable piezoelectric nanogenerator(i-PENG)to supply long-term energy by converting biomechanical energy into electricity.Our results show that this system can harvest energy from body movement and power the FRL source,which then significantly enhanced production of a short variant of human glucagon-like peptide 1(shGLP-1)in vitro and in vivo.Indeed,diabetic mice equipped with the SOS showed rapid restoration of blood glucose homeostasis,improved glucose,and insulin tolerance.Our results suggest that the SOs is sufficiently effective in self-powering the modulation of therapeutic outputs to control glucose homeostasis and,furthermore,present a new strategy for providing energy in optogenetic-based cell therapy.展开更多
Biogeography-based optimization(BBO),a natureinspired optimization algorithm(NIOA),has exhibited a huge potential in optimization.In BBO,the good solutions have a large probability to share information with poor solut...Biogeography-based optimization(BBO),a natureinspired optimization algorithm(NIOA),has exhibited a huge potential in optimization.In BBO,the good solutions have a large probability to share information with poor solutions,while poor solutions have a large probability to accept the information from others.In original BBO,calculating for migration rates is based on solutions' ranking.From the ranking,it can be known that which solution is better and which one is worse.Based on the ranking,the migration rates are calculated to help BBO select good features and poor features.The differences among results can not be reflected,which will result in an improper migration rate calculating.Two new ways are proposed to calculate migration rates,which is helpful for BBO to obtain a suitable assignment of migration rates and furthermore affect algorithms ' performance.The ranking of solutions is no longer integers,but decimals.By employing the strategies,the ranking can not only reflect the orders of solutions,but also can reflect more details about solutions' distances.A set of benchmarks,which include 14 functions,is employed to compare the proposed approaches with other algorithms.The results demonstrate that the proposed approaches are feasible and effective to enhance BBO's performance.展开更多
Eremurus species,better known as‘Foxtail Lily’or‘Desert Candle’,are important worldwide in landscaping and the cutflower industry.One of the centers of highest diversity of the genus Eremurus is Iran,which has sev...Eremurus species,better known as‘Foxtail Lily’or‘Desert Candle’,are important worldwide in landscaping and the cutflower industry.One of the centers of highest diversity of the genus Eremurus is Iran,which has seven species.However,little is known about the genetic diversity within the genus Eremurus.With the advent of genotyping-bysequencing(GBS),it is possible to develop and employ single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers in a costefficient manner in any species,regardless of its ploidy level,genome size or availability of a reference genome.Population structure and phylogeographic analyses of the genus Eremurus in Iran using a minimum of 3002 SNP markers identified either at the genus level or at the species level from GBS data showed longitudinal geographic structuring at the country scale for the genus and for the species E.spectabilis and E.luteus,and at the regional scale for E.olgae.Our analyses furthermore showed a close genetic relatedness between E.olgae and E.stenophyllus to the extent that they should be considered subspecies within an E.olgae/stenophyllus species complex.Their close genetic relatedness may explain why crosses between these two(sub)species have been found in the wild and are exploited extensively as ornamentals.Last,current species identification,while robust,relies on flower morphology.A subset of seven SNPs with species-specific(private)alleles were selected that differentiate the seven Eremurus species.The markers will be especially useful for cultivar protection and in hybrid production,where true hybrids could be identified at the seedling stage.展开更多
基金supported by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) with a PhD scholarship (CAPES process:88887.605034/2021-00)a Research Internship Abroad scholarship (CAPES process:88881.846428/2023-01)+1 种基金supported by the Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) with a PhD scholarship (process:2019/24124-7)a Research Internship Abroad scholarship (process:2023/00790-3)
文摘We recently read the opinion piece titled“Why people should run after positive affective experiences instead of health benefits”,which was carried out by Maltagliati et al.^(1)and published in the Journal of Sport and Health Science.The article started an important discussion about a physical activity(PA)promotion approach that encourages the use of affective experience to PA activity.Although we agree with the authors’point of view and believe that its message can generate an important insight for PA promotion,the authors presented a scenario where behavior change seems to be exclusively dependent on the individual.Recognizing the existence of other barriers to an active lifestyle(e.g.,social inequalities)could enhance the authors’suggested approach because many people live in conditions that reduce their opportunities to engage in affective experiences related to PA;furthermore,affective experiences can vary depending on individual context.
文摘以金针菇子实体为试验材料,研究其可溶性膳食纤维(SDF)与不溶性膳食纤维(IDF)对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色假丝酵母及保加利亚乳杆菌体外生长的影响。结果表明,金针菇可溶性膳食纤维对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色假丝酵母有显著的抑制作用,而对保加利亚乳杆菌有显著的促进作用,且其抑制或促进效果随着SDF添加量的增加而提高;金针菇不溶性膳食纤维对保加利亚乳杆菌有显著的促生长作用,与其添加量呈正相关,而对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的影响与其添加量有关。添加量为2.4 g/100 m L时,IDF对大肠杆菌和白色假丝酵母的抑制效果最佳,抑制率分别为6.68%和14.49%;添加量为0.6 g/100 m L时,IDF对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制效果最佳,抑制率为3.50%。该研究结果将会为菌质膳食纤维保健食品的开发提供重要参考依据。
基金L.C.thanks for the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(51973087,51673092,and 21762029)X.L.thanks for the support from the National Natural ScienceFoundation of China(NSFC)(51973032,and 21905043)Y.C.thanks for support from National Natural Science Foundation ofChina(51833004).G.X.thanks the China Scholarship Council forsupporting.
文摘of main observation and conclusion Molecular geometry engineering is an efective strategy to control the micromorphology and molecularenergy level in organic photovoltaics(OPVs).Two novel copolymers based on alkysilyl-and chloride-functionalied benzodithiophene(BDT)were designed and synthesized for wide bandgap copolymer donor materials in OPVs.It was found that the two copolymers exhited distinctly different proper-ties in active layer when blended with fulerene-fre acceptor T-4.The chloride-functionalited copolymer PBDTCI-TZ2 with deeper molecular energy leveland better coplanar structure induced more ordered aggregation in blend flm.Thus,the device based on PBDTC-TZ exhibits better energy alinmentwith IT-4F and smallr radiative recombination.furthermore,the non-radiative recombination of PBDTCI-TZ.T-4F based device is about 45 mV lowerthan the PBDTS-TZ/T-4F based device,contributing to a lower enery loss(Ein,and a higher open-cicut voltage(Vc).As a resut,the devices based onthe blend of PBDTC-TZ2.IT-4F exhibit a high power conversion efficiency(PCE)of up to 12.2%with a high Vvoe of 0.837 Vv,higher than that of PBDTSi-TZ:IT-4F,of which the PCE is 11.2%with a Voc of 0.781V.
基金supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration[grant No.80NSSC21M0309]issued through the NASA Office of STEM Engagement。
文摘Due to the rise in our aging population,a disproportionate demand for total joint arthroplasty(TJA)in the elderly is forecast.Periprosthetic joint infection(PJI)represents one of the most challenging complications that can occur following TJA,and as the number of primary and revision TJAs continues to rise,an increasing PJI burden is projected.Despite advances in operating room sterility,antiseptic protocols,and surgical techniques,approaches to prevent and treat PJI remain difficult,primarily due to the formation of microbial biofilms.This difficulty motivates researchers to continue searching for an effective antimicrobial strategy.The dextrorotatory-isoforms of amino acids(D-AAs)are essential components of peptidoglycan within the bacterial cell wall,providing strength and structural integrity in a diverse range of species.Among many tasks,D-AAs regulate cell morphology,spore germination,and bacterial survival,evasion,subversion,and adhesion in the host immune system.When administered exogenously,accumulating data have demonstrated that D-AAs play a pivotal role against bacterial adhesion to abiotic surfaces and subsequent biofilm formation;furthermore,D-AAs have substantial efficacy in promoting biofilm disassembly.This presents D-AAs as promising and novel targets for future therapeutic approaches.Despite their emerging antibacterial efficacy,their role in disrupting PJI biofilm formation,the disassembly of established TJA biofilm,and the host bone tissue response remains largely unexplored.This review aims to examine the role of D-AAs in the context of TJAs.Data to date suggest that D-AA bioengineering may serve as a promising future strategy in the prevention and treatment of PJI.
文摘Globally known about the drivers through which farmers are instigated to uphold and use Hail Canon Technology(HCT)is lacking.Therefore,this article intended to examine the drivers of forecasting the behavioral intention and acceptance behavior of the HCT,249 apple farmers from northwestern Iran were recruited,including adopters(n1=114)and non-adopters(n2=135).The conceptual foundation included demographic theory,resource-based theory,theory of planned behavior,innovation diffusion model,and institutional support model.We also used the system dynamics model(SDM)in the Netlogo to assess the results of the conventional statistical approach(i.e.,the logistic model).Authenticated the fitness of conceptual model with the data,logistic model manifests that the most outstanding determinants of the acceptance of HCT entail age,experience,total land size,income,attitude,compatibility,visibility,relative advantage,and financial support.Using the SDM,it was also shown that the results of the logistic model are confirmed by the SDM.In conclusion,management implications are available for the university extension to eliminate the adoption obstacles and stir up farmers to join in applying HCT,furthermore,researchers would avail themselves of remarks for future research.
基金sponsored in part by the Australian Research Council(DP150103736,DP180104141,and FT140100577)by the Victorian Endowment for Science,Knowledge and Innovation(VESKI)by the Laby Foundation.
文摘Conventional optical tweezers based on traditional optical microscopes are subject to the diffraction limit,making the precise trapping and manipulation of very small particles challenging.Plasmonic optical tweezers can surpass this constraint,but many potential applications would benefit from further enhanced performance and/or expanded functionalities.In this Perspective,we discuss trends in plasmonic tweezers and describe important opportunities presented by its interdisciplinary combination with other techniques in nanoscience.We furthermore highlight several open questions concerning fundamentals that are likely to be important for many potential applications.
文摘A. K. Begelbahyev investigated problems of determination of stability limit for autonomous motion and non-autonomous motion of non-linear automatic control systems; as well as problems of determination of stability limit for autonomous motion of non-linear automatic control systems with time-lags. Recently, the author used the method introduced in [4] to improve the results of [2].
基金supported by AgroFresh and the National Science Foundation under Award Numbers DBI-0735191 and DBI-1265383.URL:www.cyverse.org.
文摘To decipher the transcriptomic regulation of the on-tree fruit maturation in pear cv.‘Abate Fetel’,a RNA-seq transcription analysis identified 8939 genes differentially expressed across four harvesting stages.These genes were grouped into 11 SOTA clusters based on their transcriptional pattern,of which three included genes upregulated while the other four were represented by downregulated genes.Fruit ripening was furthermore investigated after 1 month of postharvest cold storage.The most important variation in fruit firmness,production of ethylene and volatile organic compounds were observed after 5 days of shelf-life at room temperature following cold storage.The role of ethylene in controlling the ripening of‘Abate Fetel’pears was furthermore investigated through the application of 1-methylcyclopropene,which efficiently delayed the progression of ripening by reducing fruit softening and repressing both ethylene and volatile production.The physiological response of the interference at the ethylene receptor level was moreover unraveled investigating the expression pattern of 12 candidate genes,initially selected to validate the RNA-seq profile.This analysis confirmed the effective role of the ethylene competitor in downregulating the expression of cell wall(PG)and ethylene-related genes(ACS,ACO,ERS1,and ERS2),as well as inducing one element involved in the auxin signaling pathway(Aux/IAA),highlighting a possible cross-talk between these two hormones.The expression patterns of these six elements suggest their use as molecular toolkit to monitor at molecular level the progression of the fruit on-tree maturation and postharvest ripening.
基金Basic Science Research Program(2020R1A2B03002517 and 2021R1A2C1094274)through the National Research Foundation of Korea and the KRIBB Research Initiative Program(KGM 5242221)which are funded by the Ministry of Science,ICT and Future Planning,Republic of Korea.
文摘The biosynthesis of host lipids and/or lipid droplets(LDs)has been studied extensively as a putative therapeutic target in diverse viral infections.However,directly targeting the LD lipolytic catabolism in virus-infected cells has not been widely investigated.Here,we show the linkage of the LD-associated lipase activation to the breakdown of LDs for the generation of free fatty acids(FFAs)at the late stage of diverse RNA viral infections,which represents a broad-spectrum antiviral target.Dysfunction of membrane transporter systems due to virus-induced cell injury results in intracellular malnutrition at the late stage of infection,thereby making the virus more dependent on the FFAs generated from LD storage for viral morphogenesis and as a source of energy.The replication of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus(IAV),which is suppressed by the treatment with LD-associated lipases inhibitors,is rescued by supplementation with FFAs.The administration of lipase inhibitors,either individually or in a combination with virus-targeting drugs,protects mice from lethal IAV infection and mitigates severe lung lesions in SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters.Moreover,the lipase inhibitors significantly reduce proinflammatory cytokine levels in the lungs of SARS-CoV-2-and IAV-challenged animals,a cause of a cytokine storm important for the critical infection or mortality of COVID-19 and IAV patients.In conclusion,the results reveal that lipase-mediated intracellular LD lipolysis is commonly exploited to facilitate RNA virus replication and furthermore suggest that pharmacological inhibitors of LD-associated lipases could be used to curb current COVID-19-and future pandemic outbreaks of potentially troublesome RNA virus infection in humans.
文摘The new plant breeding technologies(NPBTs)have recently emerged as powerful tools in the context of‘green’biotechnologies.They have wide potential compared to classical genetic engineering and they are attracting the interest of politicians,stakeholders and citizens due to the revolutionary impact they may have on agriculture.Cisgenesis and genome editing potentially allow to obtain pathogen-resistant plants or plants with enhanced qualitative traits by introducing or disrupting specific genes in shorter times compared to traditional breeding programs and by means of minimal modifications in the plant genome.Grapevine,the most important fruit crop in the world from an economical point of view,is a peculiar case for NPBTs because of the load of cultural aspects,varietal traditions and consumer demands,which hinder the use of classical breeding techniques and,furthermore,the application of genetic engineering to wine grape cultivars.Here we explore the technical challenges which may hamper the application of cisgenesis and genome editing to this perennial plant,in particular focusing on the bottlenecks of the Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer.In addition,strategies to eliminate undesired sequences from the genome and to choose proper target sites are discussed in light of peculiar features of this species.Furthermore is reported an update of the international legislative frameworks regulating NPBT products which shows conflicting positions and,in the case of the European Union,a prolonged lack of regulation.
文摘Dear Editor,Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)are instrumental in hematogenous metastasis and are widely studied using liquid biopsy methods.These involve analysis and characterization of CTCs from fractionally small blood samples drawn from patients1.Liquid biopsy implicitly assumes that the number and phenotypical distribution of CTCs in small blood samples is representative of the full peripheral blood volume,and furthermore that CTC numbers are approximately constant over the days and hours surrounding the blood draw.
基金This work was financially supported by the Strategic PriorityResearch Program of the Chinese Academy ofSciences(XDA21010210)the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFB0100103)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation ofChina(21725103 and 21905269)the Jilin Province Science andTechnology Development Plan Funding Project(20180101203JC,20200201079C)the National&Local United Engineering Lab forPower Battery and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Low CarbonChemical Power Sources.
文摘of main observation and conclusion Flectrochemical CO2 reduction into value-added liquid fuels using CO2 neutral renewable energy sourcesis very promising to solve climatic issues.In order to realie their practical applications,highly active and inexpensive elecrocatalyts are urgently re.quired.In this study we have experimentlly achieved high electrocatalytic activty towards CO2 reduction for the synthesis of formate with an enhancedcurrent density of 15.1 mA·cm^-2 and significantly improved Farapaic efficiency of 98.4%upon electrochemical reduced ultrathin bismuth oxybromidenanoshets.Moreover,the stable performance during 24h of operation is also obtained.Ffurthermore,by detecting the exposed cystal plane after surface reorganization and applying density functional theory calculations,the possitle reaction pathways and catalytic active plane of the derved bismuthcatalyst are put forward,which would offer basic and design principles to directly develop the optimized metal Bi atalysts for enhanced electrocatalyticco conversion to formate.
文摘Antibodies are valued reagents in most modern laboratories and indispensable for many experiments.They can be utilized in a wide range of experimental setups designed to elucidate various scientific questions.In our laboratory,antibodies are used to investigate protein localization,quantity and phosphorylation state,
基金This workwas supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52036006 and 51725602).
文摘This review reports the recent progress and future prospects of wettability gradient surfaces (WGSs), particularly focusing on the governing principles, fabrication methods, classification, characterization, and applications. While transforming the inherent wettability into artificial wettability via bioinspiration, topographic micro/nanostructures are produced with changed surface energy, resulting in new droplet wetting regimes and droplet dynamic regimes. WGSs have been mainly classified in dry and wet surfaces, depending on the apparent surface states. Wettability gradient has long been documented as a surface phenomenon inducing the droplet mobility in the direction of decreasing wettability. However, it is herein critically emphasized that the wettability gradient does not always result in droplet mobility. Indeed, the sticky and slippery dynamic regimes exist in WGSs, prohibiting or allowing the droplet mobility, respectively. Lastly, the stringent bottlenecks encountered by WGSs are highlighted along with solution-oriented recommendations, and furthermore, phase change materials are strongly anticipated as a new class in WGSs. In all, WGSs intend to open up new technological insights for applications, encompassing water harvesting, droplet and bubble manipulation, controllable microfluidic systems, and condensation heat transfer, among others.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0300100,2017YFD0301204,and 2018YFD0300803)Jiangsu Key Research and Development Program(BE2017369).
文摘The study evaluates and compares the leaf number(LN)of two rice types,Hybrid Indica(HI)and Japonica(J),and their response to three different nitrogen rates.A split plot experiment was conducted in Danyang District,Jiangsu Province in China,from 2017 to 2018 both rice growing seasons.It was carried out using the Transplanting machine,and the spacing was 17 cm×30 cm.A split zone design was adopted,with three different levels of nitrogen:N0-0,N1-150 kg hm^(-2) and N2-300 kg hm^(-2).The areas were isolated with a brick wall to ensure that each main area drained separately.Urea appliance:tiller fertilizer:panicle fertilizer=4:3:3,P_(2)O_(5)-150 kg hm^(-2) were used as base fertilizer,Potassium chloride 300 kg hm^(-2):panicle fertilizer=5:5.Nitrogen rates(N)significantly influenced the LN of Hybrid Indica cultivars.The first year N0=15.5,N150=15.7,N300=15.9 and the second year N0=15.9,N150=16.3,N300=16.5 with a significant difference between both years.However,Japonica rice cultivars were not as responsive to N as Hybrid Indica's were.The Japonica LN on N0=16.2,N150=16,N300=16.8,and N0=16.4,N150=16.6,N300=16.5 for 2017 and 2018 respectively,with a significant difference in the first year only at N300.The results revealed that LN varies greatly among varieties,furthermore the nitrogen fertilizer and the year of the experiment played a major role on LN outcome.
文摘The Multimedia Information Processing System(MMIPS)is an distributed & integrated system to combine the voice, images, graphics, and text information processing technology in an organic whole and to coordinate the whole processing functions. The research on the system network environments of the MMIPS play a very important part in that whether the all sorts media of MMIPS can present automatically,effectively,coordinately and comprehensively in front of users or
基金We are grateful to all the laboratory members for their cooperation in this study.This work was financially supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China,Synthetic Biology Research(no.2019YFA0904500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.82102231,31971346,61875015,31861143016,U20A20390,11827803,and T2125003)+4 种基金the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(no.22N31900300)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(JQ20038,L212010)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M680302,2021T140041)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA16021101)We also thank the ECNU Multifunctional Platform for Innovation(011)for supporting the murine experiments and the Instruments Sharing Platform of the School of Life Sciences,ECNU.
文摘Diabetes treatment and rehabilitation are usually a lifetime process.Optogenetic engineered designer cell-therapy holds great promise in regulating blood glucose homeostasis.However,portable,sustainable,and long-term energy supplementation has previously presented a challenge for the use of optogenetic stimulation in vivo.Herein,we_purpose a self-powered optogenetic system(SOS)for implantable blood glucose control.The SOS consists of a biocompatible far-red light(FRL)source,FRL-triggered transgene-expressing cells,a power management unit,and a flexible implantable piezoelectric nanogenerator(i-PENG)to supply long-term energy by converting biomechanical energy into electricity.Our results show that this system can harvest energy from body movement and power the FRL source,which then significantly enhanced production of a short variant of human glucagon-like peptide 1(shGLP-1)in vitro and in vivo.Indeed,diabetic mice equipped with the SOS showed rapid restoration of blood glucose homeostasis,improved glucose,and insulin tolerance.Our results suggest that the SOs is sufficiently effective in self-powering the modulation of therapeutic outputs to control glucose homeostasis and,furthermore,present a new strategy for providing energy in optogenetic-based cell therapy.
基金National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.61503287,71371142,61203250)Program for Young Excellent Talents in Tongji University,China(No.2014KJ046)+1 种基金Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of Ministry of Education of ChinaPh.D.Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China(No.20100072110038)
文摘Biogeography-based optimization(BBO),a natureinspired optimization algorithm(NIOA),has exhibited a huge potential in optimization.In BBO,the good solutions have a large probability to share information with poor solutions,while poor solutions have a large probability to accept the information from others.In original BBO,calculating for migration rates is based on solutions' ranking.From the ranking,it can be known that which solution is better and which one is worse.Based on the ranking,the migration rates are calculated to help BBO select good features and poor features.The differences among results can not be reflected,which will result in an improper migration rate calculating.Two new ways are proposed to calculate migration rates,which is helpful for BBO to obtain a suitable assignment of migration rates and furthermore affect algorithms ' performance.The ranking of solutions is no longer integers,but decimals.By employing the strategies,the ranking can not only reflect the orders of solutions,but also can reflect more details about solutions' distances.A set of benchmarks,which include 14 functions,is employed to compare the proposed approaches with other algorithms.The results demonstrate that the proposed approaches are feasible and effective to enhance BBO's performance.
基金supported by a research fund of Tarbiat Modares University,Iran and the University of Georgia,USA.
文摘Eremurus species,better known as‘Foxtail Lily’or‘Desert Candle’,are important worldwide in landscaping and the cutflower industry.One of the centers of highest diversity of the genus Eremurus is Iran,which has seven species.However,little is known about the genetic diversity within the genus Eremurus.With the advent of genotyping-bysequencing(GBS),it is possible to develop and employ single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers in a costefficient manner in any species,regardless of its ploidy level,genome size or availability of a reference genome.Population structure and phylogeographic analyses of the genus Eremurus in Iran using a minimum of 3002 SNP markers identified either at the genus level or at the species level from GBS data showed longitudinal geographic structuring at the country scale for the genus and for the species E.spectabilis and E.luteus,and at the regional scale for E.olgae.Our analyses furthermore showed a close genetic relatedness between E.olgae and E.stenophyllus to the extent that they should be considered subspecies within an E.olgae/stenophyllus species complex.Their close genetic relatedness may explain why crosses between these two(sub)species have been found in the wild and are exploited extensively as ornamentals.Last,current species identification,while robust,relies on flower morphology.A subset of seven SNPs with species-specific(private)alleles were selected that differentiate the seven Eremurus species.The markers will be especially useful for cultivar protection and in hybrid production,where true hybrids could be identified at the seedling stage.
