The age-dependent peculiarities of stimulation of free radical processes in subcellular fractions of skeletal muscle of rats subjected to long-term immobilization stress were studied in order to improve knowledge abou...The age-dependent peculiarities of stimulation of free radical processes in subcellular fractions of skeletal muscle of rats subjected to long-term immobilization stress were studied in order to improve knowledge about changes of muscular tissue during ontogenesis. It is found that adult animals do not show accumulation of proteins carbonyls, TBA-reactive substances, and Schiff bases in subcellular fractions of the thigh muscle when immobUized. Long-term immobilization causes apparent manifestation of oxidative stress only in mitochondrial fraction in pubertal rats. Mitochondrial oxidative stress defense systems are sufficiently effective, however, direction of pathways of free radical oxidation carbonyl products catabolism alters in the cytoplasm of myocytes in old rats under long-term immobilization conditions.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Oxidative stress is an extremely widespread condition manifested in an increased rate of free-radical processes and accumulation of reactive oxygen species （ROS） in the tissues. It appears in different ...BACKGROUND： Oxidative stress is an extremely widespread condition manifested in an increased rate of free-radical processes and accumulation of reactive oxygen species （ROS） in the tissues. It appears in different physiologic states and pathological processes accompanied by stimulation of the sympathetic adrenal system or tissue hypoxia or under stress. However, until now, there is still no clarity on the issue of the significance of oxidative stress in the development of adaptation processes in the organism. OBJECTIVE： In the present work we will review the most recent finding about physiologic role of oxidative stress and its participation in adaptation of an organism to effect of different adverse factors. METHODS： A systematic literature search was performed using the Pubmed search engine. Studies published over past 18 years, i.e. between 1998 and 2015 were considered for review. Followed keywords were used： ＂oxidative stress,＂ ＂free radical oxidation,＂ ＂ROS,＂ ＂endogenous aldehydes,＂ ＂adaptation.＂ RESULTS： The article cites arguments supporting the notion that oxidative stress serves as a nonspecific link in the adaptation of the human body to the effects of injurious factors. Oxidative stress exerts regulatory effects by changing the redox state of the cell. Oxidative stress affects on various intracellular proteins containing cysteine residues, e.g., enzymes, chaperones, and transcription factors, etc. For this reason, the use of antioxidants for the treatment and prophylaxis of a wide range of diseases is not recommended. CONCLUSION： Further investigation is needed in this field. The most attention should be paid to careful experimental verification aimed at quantitative assessment of the ROS level in tissues under oxidative stress, as well as at the study of possibility of enhancing the catabolism of free radical oxidation carbonyl products in order to prevent tissue damage under oxidative stress.展开更多
In this study investigation of influence of hybrid nanosilica-polyethylene glycols materials (molecular weight 1500, 6000 and 15000), prepared by sol-gel synthesis, on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity of hu...In this study investigation of influence of hybrid nanosilica-polyethylene glycols materials (molecular weight 1500, 6000 and 15000), prepared by sol-gel synthesis, on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity of human serum in vitro was performed. Methods included chemiluminescence analysis and quantitative malonic dialdehyde estimation. It was revealed that nanosilica-PEG materials with different molecular weight had certain biological activity. Powders of SiO2-PEG 1500 and SiO2-PEG 6000 manifest prooxidant effects, whereas mesoporous (calcine) powders produced antioxidant effects in blood serum in vitro.展开更多
Atmospheric particulate pollution in China has attracted much public attention.Occasionally, the particle number concentration increases sharply in a short time period,which is defined as a "particulate matter ex...Atmospheric particulate pollution in China has attracted much public attention.Occasionally, the particle number concentration increases sharply in a short time period,which is defined as a "particulate matter explosive increase". Heavy particulate matter pollution not only reduces visibility but also has an adverse effect on human health. Hence,there is an urgent need to discover the causes of particulate matter explosive increase.During this campaign, the particle number concentration and free radicals were measured at a tall building on the campus of Lanzhou University of Technology. Additionally, we examined a series of chemicals to reproduce the observed particulate matter explosive increase in a smog chamber to determine its potential factors. Then, we analyzed the mechanism of particulate matter explosive increase in the presence of free radicals. We found that, among the potential inorganic and organic sources analyzed, a mixture of organic and SO_2 in the research region had a major effect on particulate matter explosive increase. Moreover, free radical oxidation has a large effect, especially in the formation of organic particulates.展开更多
BACKGROUND It is known that under conditions of tissue tolerance to insulin,observed during type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM2),there is an increased production of reactive oxygen species.Moreover,the free radicals can init...BACKGROUND It is known that under conditions of tissue tolerance to insulin,observed during type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM2),there is an increased production of reactive oxygen species.Moreover,the free radicals can initiate lipid peroxidation(LPO)in lipoprotein particles.The concentration of LPO products can influence the state of insulin receptors,repressing their hormone connection activity,which is expressed as a reduction of the glucose consumption by cells.It is possible that reduction in glucose concentration during administration of 10-(6-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium(SkQ1)to rats with DM2 may be related to the antioxidant properties of this substance.AIM To establish the influence of SkQ1 on free-radical homeostasis in the heart and blood serum of rats with streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia.METHODS To induce hyperglycemia,rats were fed a high-fat diet for 1 mo and then administered two intra-abdominal injections of streptozotocin with a 7-d interval at a 30 mg/kg of animal weight dose with citrate buffer equal to pH 4.4.SkQ1 solution was administered intraperitoneally at a 1250 nmol/kg dose per day.Tissue samples were taken from control animals,animals with experimental hyperglycemia,rats with streptozotocin-induced glycemia that were administered SkQ1 solution,animals housed under standard vivarium conditions that were administered SkQ1,rats that were administered intraperitoneally citrate buffer equal to pH 4.4 once a week during 2 wk after 1-mo high-fat diet,and animals that were administered intraperitoneally with appropriate amount of solution without SkQ1(98%ethanol diluted eight times with normal saline solution).To determine the intensity of free radical oxidation and total antioxidant activity,we used the biochemiluminescence method.Aconitate hydratase(AH),superoxide dismutase,and catalase activities were estimated using the Hitachi U-1900 spectrophotometer supplied with software.The amount of citrate was determined by means of the Natelson method.Real-time polymerase chain reaction w展开更多
目的探讨首发精神分裂症患者是否存在自由基代谢异常及氧化应激损伤。方法纳入符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-IV)诊断标准的首发精神分裂症住院患者78例,以阳性和阴性症状量表(positive and negative syndrome scale,PANSS)...目的探讨首发精神分裂症患者是否存在自由基代谢异常及氧化应激损伤。方法纳入符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-IV)诊断标准的首发精神分裂症住院患者78例,以阳性和阴性症状量表(positive and negative syndrome scale,PANSS)评定其精神症状;检测血清总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(Cu-ZnSOD)、S100B的含量。另选87名正常人作对照。结果患者组T-SOD活性、Cu-ZnSOD活性、S100B蛋白含量高于正常对照组(t=3.12,P<0.05;t=5.62,P<0.05;Z=-2.43,P<0.05)。进一步分层分析,男性患者组T-SOD、Cu-ZnSOD高于男性对照组(P<0.05),女性患者组T-SOD、S100B高于女性对照组(P<0.05)。在对照组中男性组Cu-ZnSOD低于女性组(P<0.05)。精神病家族史阳性患者组T-SOD高于阴性组(P<0.05)。患者组中男性吸烟组的T-SOD、Cu-ZnSOD低于男性非吸烟组(P<0.05)。相关分析显示,患者组的住院次数与S100B呈正相关(r=0.36,P<0.05);PANSS的阳性症状分、阴性症状分、总分分别与Cu-ZnSOD负相关(r为-0.28、-0.27、-0.31,P均小于0.05)。结论首发精神分裂症患者存在着自由基代谢异常且与精神症状相关,低剂量尼古丁可能可抑制自由基的产生。展开更多
文摘The age-dependent peculiarities of stimulation of free radical processes in subcellular fractions of skeletal muscle of rats subjected to long-term immobilization stress were studied in order to improve knowledge about changes of muscular tissue during ontogenesis. It is found that adult animals do not show accumulation of proteins carbonyls, TBA-reactive substances, and Schiff bases in subcellular fractions of the thigh muscle when immobUized. Long-term immobilization causes apparent manifestation of oxidative stress only in mitochondrial fraction in pubertal rats. Mitochondrial oxidative stress defense systems are sufficiently effective, however, direction of pathways of free radical oxidation carbonyl products catabolism alters in the cytoplasm of myocytes in old rats under long-term immobilization conditions.
文摘BACKGROUND： Oxidative stress is an extremely widespread condition manifested in an increased rate of free-radical processes and accumulation of reactive oxygen species （ROS） in the tissues. It appears in different physiologic states and pathological processes accompanied by stimulation of the sympathetic adrenal system or tissue hypoxia or under stress. However, until now, there is still no clarity on the issue of the significance of oxidative stress in the development of adaptation processes in the organism. OBJECTIVE： In the present work we will review the most recent finding about physiologic role of oxidative stress and its participation in adaptation of an organism to effect of different adverse factors. METHODS： A systematic literature search was performed using the Pubmed search engine. Studies published over past 18 years, i.e. between 1998 and 2015 were considered for review. Followed keywords were used： ＂oxidative stress,＂ ＂free radical oxidation,＂ ＂ROS,＂ ＂endogenous aldehydes,＂ ＂adaptation.＂ RESULTS： The article cites arguments supporting the notion that oxidative stress serves as a nonspecific link in the adaptation of the human body to the effects of injurious factors. Oxidative stress exerts regulatory effects by changing the redox state of the cell. Oxidative stress affects on various intracellular proteins containing cysteine residues, e.g., enzymes, chaperones, and transcription factors, etc. For this reason, the use of antioxidants for the treatment and prophylaxis of a wide range of diseases is not recommended. CONCLUSION： Further investigation is needed in this field. The most attention should be paid to careful experimental verification aimed at quantitative assessment of the ROS level in tissues under oxidative stress, as well as at the study of possibility of enhancing the catabolism of free radical oxidation carbonyl products in order to prevent tissue damage under oxidative stress.
文摘In this study investigation of influence of hybrid nanosilica-polyethylene glycols materials (molecular weight 1500, 6000 and 15000), prepared by sol-gel synthesis, on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity of human serum in vitro was performed. Methods included chemiluminescence analysis and quantitative malonic dialdehyde estimation. It was revealed that nanosilica-PEG materials with different molecular weight had certain biological activity. Powders of SiO2-PEG 1500 and SiO2-PEG 6000 manifest prooxidant effects, whereas mesoporous (calcine) powders produced antioxidant effects in blood serum in vitro.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFC0202900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21567015,21407072)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(No.17JR5RA109)Gansu Provincial Party Committee Young Creative Talents(No.Ganzutongzi [2017]121)
文摘Atmospheric particulate pollution in China has attracted much public attention.Occasionally, the particle number concentration increases sharply in a short time period,which is defined as a "particulate matter explosive increase". Heavy particulate matter pollution not only reduces visibility but also has an adverse effect on human health. Hence,there is an urgent need to discover the causes of particulate matter explosive increase.During this campaign, the particle number concentration and free radicals were measured at a tall building on the campus of Lanzhou University of Technology. Additionally, we examined a series of chemicals to reproduce the observed particulate matter explosive increase in a smog chamber to determine its potential factors. Then, we analyzed the mechanism of particulate matter explosive increase in the presence of free radicals. We found that, among the potential inorganic and organic sources analyzed, a mixture of organic and SO_2 in the research region had a major effect on particulate matter explosive increase. Moreover, free radical oxidation has a large effect, especially in the formation of organic particulates.
文摘BACKGROUND It is known that under conditions of tissue tolerance to insulin,observed during type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM2),there is an increased production of reactive oxygen species.Moreover,the free radicals can initiate lipid peroxidation(LPO)in lipoprotein particles.The concentration of LPO products can influence the state of insulin receptors,repressing their hormone connection activity,which is expressed as a reduction of the glucose consumption by cells.It is possible that reduction in glucose concentration during administration of 10-(6-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium(SkQ1)to rats with DM2 may be related to the antioxidant properties of this substance.AIM To establish the influence of SkQ1 on free-radical homeostasis in the heart and blood serum of rats with streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia.METHODS To induce hyperglycemia,rats were fed a high-fat diet for 1 mo and then administered two intra-abdominal injections of streptozotocin with a 7-d interval at a 30 mg/kg of animal weight dose with citrate buffer equal to pH 4.4.SkQ1 solution was administered intraperitoneally at a 1250 nmol/kg dose per day.Tissue samples were taken from control animals,animals with experimental hyperglycemia,rats with streptozotocin-induced glycemia that were administered SkQ1 solution,animals housed under standard vivarium conditions that were administered SkQ1,rats that were administered intraperitoneally citrate buffer equal to pH 4.4 once a week during 2 wk after 1-mo high-fat diet,and animals that were administered intraperitoneally with appropriate amount of solution without SkQ1(98%ethanol diluted eight times with normal saline solution).To determine the intensity of free radical oxidation and total antioxidant activity,we used the biochemiluminescence method.Aconitate hydratase(AH),superoxide dismutase,and catalase activities were estimated using the Hitachi U-1900 spectrophotometer supplied with software.The amount of citrate was determined by means of the Natelson method.Real-time polymerase chain reaction w
文摘目的探讨首发精神分裂症患者是否存在自由基代谢异常及氧化应激损伤。方法纳入符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-IV)诊断标准的首发精神分裂症住院患者78例,以阳性和阴性症状量表(positive and negative syndrome scale,PANSS)评定其精神症状;检测血清总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(Cu-ZnSOD)、S100B的含量。另选87名正常人作对照。结果患者组T-SOD活性、Cu-ZnSOD活性、S100B蛋白含量高于正常对照组(t=3.12,P<0.05;t=5.62,P<0.05;Z=-2.43,P<0.05)。进一步分层分析,男性患者组T-SOD、Cu-ZnSOD高于男性对照组(P<0.05),女性患者组T-SOD、S100B高于女性对照组(P<0.05)。在对照组中男性组Cu-ZnSOD低于女性组(P<0.05)。精神病家族史阳性患者组T-SOD高于阴性组(P<0.05)。患者组中男性吸烟组的T-SOD、Cu-ZnSOD低于男性非吸烟组(P<0.05)。相关分析显示,患者组的住院次数与S100B呈正相关(r=0.36,P<0.05);PANSS的阳性症状分、阴性症状分、总分分别与Cu-ZnSOD负相关(r为-0.28、-0.27、-0.31,P均小于0.05)。结论首发精神分裂症患者存在着自由基代谢异常且与精神症状相关,低剂量尼古丁可能可抑制自由基的产生。
