研究植物乳杆菌70810与米根霉在燕麦全谷物基质中共固态发酵特性及对燕麦营养价值的影响,利用平板计数法和高效液相色谱法分别测定乳酸菌的生长情况和真菌麦角固醇含量,利用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、考马斯亮蓝法和邻苯二甲...研究植物乳杆菌70810与米根霉在燕麦全谷物基质中共固态发酵特性及对燕麦营养价值的影响,利用平板计数法和高效液相色谱法分别测定乳酸菌的生长情况和真菌麦角固醇含量,利用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、考马斯亮蓝法和邻苯二甲醛法测定发酵过程中燕麦蛋白质的水解情况。结果表明:燕麦全谷物基质中,随着植物乳杆菌70810和米根霉共同发酵时间的延长,乳酸菌活菌数和麦角固醇含量逐渐增加,72 h分别达到(8.46±0.04)(lg(CFU/g))和(137.04±6.13)μg/g,其中活菌计数结果比植物乳杆菌70810单独发酵时提高了7.14%;pH值由5.34±0.12降低至3.74±0.04,总酸质量分数由(0.23±0.02)%增加至(1.08±0.08)%;蛋白质发生明显水解,发酵至72 h,可溶性蛋白(以牛血清白蛋白当量计)含量为(11.58±0.16)mg/g,分子质量小于10 k Da肽(以胰酪蛋白胨当量计)含量为(366.51±1.30)mg/g。发酵后的燕麦蛋白具有更高的营养价值,氨基酸组成更为合理,赖氨酸含量显著增加,必需氨基酸指数提高至75.63±0.10,蛋白质生物价提高至70.74±0.13。展开更多
Endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress occurs when ER homeostasis is perturbed with accumulation of unfolded/misfolded protein or calcium depletion.The unfolded protein response(UPR),comprising of inositol-requiring enzyme 1...Endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress occurs when ER homeostasis is perturbed with accumulation of unfolded/misfolded protein or calcium depletion.The unfolded protein response(UPR),comprising of inositol-requiring enzyme 1 a(IRE1 a),double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase(PKR)-like ER kinase(PERK)and activating transcription factor 6(ATF6)signaling pathways,is a protective cellular response activated by ER stress.However,UPR activation can also induce cell death upon persistent ER stress.The liver is susceptible to ER stress given its synthetic and other biological functions.Numerous studies from human liver samples and animal disease models have indicated a crucial role of ER stress and the UPR signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of liver diseases,including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),alcoholic liver disease(ALD),alpha-1 antitrypsin(AAT)deficiency(AATD),cholestatic liver disease,drug-induced liver injury,ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)injury,viral hepatitis and hepatocel-lular carcinoma(HCC).Extensive investigations have demonstrated the potential underlying mechanisms of the induction of ER stress and the contribution of the UPR pathways during the development of the diseases.Moreover,ER stress and the UPR proteins and genes have become emerging therapeutic targets to treat liver diseases.展开更多
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of various protein sources(soybean meal, SBM; cottonseed protein, CSP; double-zero rapeseed meal, DRM) on the internal quality(Haugh unit, yolk index,albumen pH,yolk ha...This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of various protein sources(soybean meal, SBM; cottonseed protein, CSP; double-zero rapeseed meal, DRM) on the internal quality(Haugh unit, yolk index,albumen pH,yolk hardness and yolk springiness) of eggs when stored at either 4 or 28℃ for 28 d. A total of 288 laying hens(32 wk of age) were randomly allotted to 6 treatment groups(4 replicates per treatment) and fed diets containing SBM, CSP, or DRM individually or in combination with equal crude protein content(SBM-CSP, SBM-DRM, and CSP-DRM) as the protein ingredient(s). A 6 x 2 factorial arrangement was employed with dietary types and storage temperatures(4 and 28℃) as the main effects. After 12 wk of diet feeding, a total of 216 eggs was collected for egg internal quality determination.The results showed as follows: 1) lower egg quality was observed in the DRM group compared with the other groups when stored at 4 and 28℃ for 28 d(P < 0.05), while there was no difference in egg internal quality among the other groups. 2) The CSP diet resulted in higher yolk hardness compared with the other diets when eggs were stored at 4℃ for 28 d(P < 0.05). Lower Haugh unit was observed in the DRM and SBM-DRM groups compared with the other groups when eggs were stored for 28 d at 4℃(P < 0.05).3) Yolk breakage occurred in the DRM group and eggs could not be analyzed for egg internal quality when stored at 28℃ for 28 d. The overall results indicated that CSP or DRM as the sole dietary protein source for laying hens may adversely affect the internal quality of stored eggs as compared with the SBM diet, and half replacement of CSP combined with SBM may maintain similar egg quality to SBM diet alone for eggs stored under refrigerated conditions.展开更多
文摘研究植物乳杆菌70810与米根霉在燕麦全谷物基质中共固态发酵特性及对燕麦营养价值的影响,利用平板计数法和高效液相色谱法分别测定乳酸菌的生长情况和真菌麦角固醇含量,利用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、考马斯亮蓝法和邻苯二甲醛法测定发酵过程中燕麦蛋白质的水解情况。结果表明:燕麦全谷物基质中,随着植物乳杆菌70810和米根霉共同发酵时间的延长,乳酸菌活菌数和麦角固醇含量逐渐增加,72 h分别达到(8.46±0.04)(lg(CFU/g))和(137.04±6.13)μg/g,其中活菌计数结果比植物乳杆菌70810单独发酵时提高了7.14%;pH值由5.34±0.12降低至3.74±0.04,总酸质量分数由(0.23±0.02)%增加至(1.08±0.08)%;蛋白质发生明显水解,发酵至72 h,可溶性蛋白(以牛血清白蛋白当量计)含量为(11.58±0.16)mg/g,分子质量小于10 k Da肽(以胰酪蛋白胨当量计)含量为(366.51±1.30)mg/g。发酵后的燕麦蛋白具有更高的营养价值,氨基酸组成更为合理,赖氨酸含量显著增加,必需氨基酸指数提高至75.63±0.10,蛋白质生物价提高至70.74±0.13。
基金This work was supported by USA National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(NIDDK)R01 DK093807.
文摘Endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress occurs when ER homeostasis is perturbed with accumulation of unfolded/misfolded protein or calcium depletion.The unfolded protein response(UPR),comprising of inositol-requiring enzyme 1 a(IRE1 a),double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase(PKR)-like ER kinase(PERK)and activating transcription factor 6(ATF6)signaling pathways,is a protective cellular response activated by ER stress.However,UPR activation can also induce cell death upon persistent ER stress.The liver is susceptible to ER stress given its synthetic and other biological functions.Numerous studies from human liver samples and animal disease models have indicated a crucial role of ER stress and the UPR signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of liver diseases,including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),alcoholic liver disease(ALD),alpha-1 antitrypsin(AAT)deficiency(AATD),cholestatic liver disease,drug-induced liver injury,ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)injury,viral hepatitis and hepatocel-lular carcinoma(HCC).Extensive investigations have demonstrated the potential underlying mechanisms of the induction of ER stress and the contribution of the UPR pathways during the development of the diseases.Moreover,ER stress and the UPR proteins and genes have become emerging therapeutic targets to treat liver diseases.
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-41-K13)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(ASTIP)+1 种基金National Key Technology Research and Development Program(2011BAD26B03)China Agriculture Research System-Beijing Team for the Poultry Industry
文摘This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of various protein sources(soybean meal, SBM; cottonseed protein, CSP; double-zero rapeseed meal, DRM) on the internal quality(Haugh unit, yolk index,albumen pH,yolk hardness and yolk springiness) of eggs when stored at either 4 or 28℃ for 28 d. A total of 288 laying hens(32 wk of age) were randomly allotted to 6 treatment groups(4 replicates per treatment) and fed diets containing SBM, CSP, or DRM individually or in combination with equal crude protein content(SBM-CSP, SBM-DRM, and CSP-DRM) as the protein ingredient(s). A 6 x 2 factorial arrangement was employed with dietary types and storage temperatures(4 and 28℃) as the main effects. After 12 wk of diet feeding, a total of 216 eggs was collected for egg internal quality determination.The results showed as follows: 1) lower egg quality was observed in the DRM group compared with the other groups when stored at 4 and 28℃ for 28 d(P < 0.05), while there was no difference in egg internal quality among the other groups. 2) The CSP diet resulted in higher yolk hardness compared with the other diets when eggs were stored at 4℃ for 28 d(P < 0.05). Lower Haugh unit was observed in the DRM and SBM-DRM groups compared with the other groups when eggs were stored for 28 d at 4℃(P < 0.05).3) Yolk breakage occurred in the DRM group and eggs could not be analyzed for egg internal quality when stored at 28℃ for 28 d. The overall results indicated that CSP or DRM as the sole dietary protein source for laying hens may adversely affect the internal quality of stored eggs as compared with the SBM diet, and half replacement of CSP combined with SBM may maintain similar egg quality to SBM diet alone for eggs stored under refrigerated conditions.
