研究了开放式和封闭式供液方式下番茄根区盐分累积强度、盐分离子组成与比例变化特征、番茄养分含量特征、养分利用效率,分析了盐分累积对番茄产量和脐腐病患病率的影响。结果表明:开放式和封闭式根区电导率均随生育期的延长不断上升,...研究了开放式和封闭式供液方式下番茄根区盐分累积强度、盐分离子组成与比例变化特征、番茄养分含量特征、养分利用效率,分析了盐分累积对番茄产量和脐腐病患病率的影响。结果表明:开放式和封闭式根区电导率均随生育期的延长不断上升,开放式根区溶液电导率最高为11.9 m S/cm,封闭式为17.2 m S/cm;开放式和封闭式根区盐分离子组成由大到小为NO_3^-、K^+、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、SO_4^(2-)、H_2PO_4^-;开放式和封闭式根区溶液离子比例失衡特征与程度相当,均表现为K^+、Ca^(2+)和H_2PO_4^-比例降低,Mg^(2+)、NO_3^-和SO_4^(2-)比例上升;番茄产量随电导率的增加而降低,果实脐腐病患病率则随电导率和离子比例失衡程度的增加而增加,到采收后期开放式和封闭式果实脐腐病患病率分别高达29.7%和36.6%;与开放式相比,封闭式供液方式下番茄N、P、K、Ca、Mg和S养分利用率分别提高11.6%、19.6%、18.9%、11.8%、37.3%和15.9%。开放式和封闭式基质栽培根区均存在盐分累积和离子比例失衡现象,为控制根区离子比例失衡和果实缺Ca现象,在番茄进入坐果期后应提高K和P的投入,控制N、Mg和S的投入。从节水、节肥和保护环境角度出发,基质栽培应着力发展封闭式供液方式。展开更多
Mycelium of a cultivated strain of Poria cocos was grown by submerged fermentation in a liquid mediumcontaining corn steep liquor with orbital shaking. Six polysaccharides coded as ac-PCM1, ac-PCM2, ac-PCM3-Ⅰ andⅡ, ...Mycelium of a cultivated strain of Poria cocos was grown by submerged fermentation in a liquid mediumcontaining corn steep liquor with orbital shaking. Six polysaccharides coded as ac-PCM1, ac-PCM2, ac-PCM3-Ⅰ andⅡ, ac-PCM4-Ⅰand Ⅱ were isolated from the myelium by extracting with 0.9% NaCl aqueous solution, hot water, 0.5 mol/L NaOHaqueous solution and 88% formic acid. Exo-polysaccharide was obtained from the culture medium and coded as ac-PCM0.The monosaccharide composition and molecular weights of these polysaccharides were characterized by using infraredspectroscopy, gas chromaography, elemental analysis, ^(13)C-NMR, viscometry and light scattering. The results indicated thatac-PCM0, ac-PCM1 and ac-PCM2 are heteropolysaccharides containing glucose, galactose, mannose and fucose, and ac-PCM3-Ⅰ and ac-PCM3-Ⅱ mainly consist of D-glucose. The content of the glucose in the polysaccharides increased with theisolation progress. Remarkably, α-glucan and β-glucan coexisted in the extract by NaOH aqueous solution (ac-PCM3), andcould be separated by chemical methods. The protein in the ac-PCM polysaccharides cultured from the medium containingcorn steep liquor was higher than that in the ab-PCM from the medium with bran extract. Therefore, the polysaccharidesfrom Poria cocos mycelia cultured in different media have different chemical composition, molecular weights and conformations.展开更多
文摘研究了开放式和封闭式供液方式下番茄根区盐分累积强度、盐分离子组成与比例变化特征、番茄养分含量特征、养分利用效率,分析了盐分累积对番茄产量和脐腐病患病率的影响。结果表明:开放式和封闭式根区电导率均随生育期的延长不断上升,开放式根区溶液电导率最高为11.9 m S/cm,封闭式为17.2 m S/cm;开放式和封闭式根区盐分离子组成由大到小为NO_3^-、K^+、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、SO_4^(2-)、H_2PO_4^-;开放式和封闭式根区溶液离子比例失衡特征与程度相当,均表现为K^+、Ca^(2+)和H_2PO_4^-比例降低,Mg^(2+)、NO_3^-和SO_4^(2-)比例上升;番茄产量随电导率的增加而降低,果实脐腐病患病率则随电导率和离子比例失衡程度的增加而增加,到采收后期开放式和封闭式果实脐腐病患病率分别高达29.7%和36.6%;与开放式相比,封闭式供液方式下番茄N、P、K、Ca、Mg和S养分利用率分别提高11.6%、19.6%、18.9%、11.8%、37.3%和15.9%。开放式和封闭式基质栽培根区均存在盐分累积和离子比例失衡现象,为控制根区离子比例失衡和果实缺Ca现象,在番茄进入坐果期后应提高K和P的投入,控制N、Mg和S的投入。从节水、节肥和保护环境角度出发,基质栽培应着力发展封闭式供液方式。
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20074025), the Area of Excellence (AoE) on Plant and Fungal Biotechnology Project of the Hong Kong Govemment, and Key Laboratory of Cellulose and Lignocellulosics Chemistry of C
文摘Mycelium of a cultivated strain of Poria cocos was grown by submerged fermentation in a liquid mediumcontaining corn steep liquor with orbital shaking. Six polysaccharides coded as ac-PCM1, ac-PCM2, ac-PCM3-Ⅰ andⅡ, ac-PCM4-Ⅰand Ⅱ were isolated from the myelium by extracting with 0.9% NaCl aqueous solution, hot water, 0.5 mol/L NaOHaqueous solution and 88% formic acid. Exo-polysaccharide was obtained from the culture medium and coded as ac-PCM0.The monosaccharide composition and molecular weights of these polysaccharides were characterized by using infraredspectroscopy, gas chromaography, elemental analysis, ^(13)C-NMR, viscometry and light scattering. The results indicated thatac-PCM0, ac-PCM1 and ac-PCM2 are heteropolysaccharides containing glucose, galactose, mannose and fucose, and ac-PCM3-Ⅰ and ac-PCM3-Ⅱ mainly consist of D-glucose. The content of the glucose in the polysaccharides increased with theisolation progress. Remarkably, α-glucan and β-glucan coexisted in the extract by NaOH aqueous solution (ac-PCM3), andcould be separated by chemical methods. The protein in the ac-PCM polysaccharides cultured from the medium containingcorn steep liquor was higher than that in the ab-PCM from the medium with bran extract. Therefore, the polysaccharidesfrom Poria cocos mycelia cultured in different media have different chemical composition, molecular weights and conformations.
