Bimetallic nanocluster with atomic precision has gained widespread attention due to its unique synergism.The coreless Au_(4)Cu_(5)bimetallic nanoclusters were selected as models to explore the relationship between the...Bimetallic nanocluster with atomic precision has gained widespread attention due to its unique synergism.The coreless Au_(4)Cu_(5)bimetallic nanoclusters were selected as models to explore the relationship between their microstructure and performance,and compare with the coreless monometallic nanoclusters,core–shell nanoclusters,and single atom catalyst(SAC).The experimental results show that the coreless bimetallic nanocluster catalyst Au_(4)Cu_(5)/activated carbon(AC)exhibits high activity and stability in the Ullmann C–O coupling reaction,much higher than coreless monometallic nanoclusters(Au_(11)/AC and Cu_(11)/AC),core–shell nanoclusters(Au_(25)/AC,Cu_(25)/AC,and Au_(1)Cu_(24)/AC),and single atom catalysts(Au SAC and Cu SAC).Moreover,the coreless Au_(4)Cu_(5)/AC catalyst efficiently catalyzed the Ullmann C–O coupling of benzyl alcohol for the first time.This structure–activity relationship was successfully extended to other coreless bimetallic systems,such as Au_(4)Cu_(4)/AC nanocluster,and it is expected to provide new insights for the design of bimetallic catalysts with well-defined performance.展开更多
A multimode interference refractive index （KI） sensor based on the coreless fiber was numerically and experimentally demonstrated. Two identical single mode fibers （SMF） are spliced at both ends of a section of th...A multimode interference refractive index （KI） sensor based on the coreless fiber was numerically and experimentally demonstrated. Two identical single mode fibers （SMF） are spliced at both ends of a section of the coreless fiber which can he considered as the equivalent weakly guiding multimode fiber （MMF） with a step-index profile when the surrounding refractive index （SKI） is lower than that of the coreless fiber. Thus, it becomes the conventional single-mode multimode single-mode （SMS） fiber structure but with a larger core size. The output spectra will shift along with the changes in the SKI owing to the direct exposure of the coreless fiber. The output spectra under different SKIs were numerically studied, as well as the sensitivities with different lengths and diameters of the coreless fiber. The predication and calculation showed the good agreement with the experimental results. The proposed RI sensor proved to be feasible by verification experiments, and the relative error was merely 0.1% which occupied preferable sensing performance and practicability.展开更多
Alumina-magnesia dry materials are widely used in induction furnace linings, but they show different kinds of damage when melting different kinds of alloy steel. In this paper, the chemical composition, phase composit...Alumina-magnesia dry materials are widely used in induction furnace linings, but they show different kinds of damage when melting different kinds of alloy steel. In this paper, the chemical composition, phase composition, and microstructure of the post-use dry materials for the working liners melting different kinds of steel were evaluated. Furthermore, the corrosion mechanism of the steel on the furnace lining materials was comprehensively analyzed. The findings reveal a significant ability of the Mn element in the molten steel to diffuse and penetrate into the refractories. Mn oxidizes to form MnO at the steel-refractory interface, and then forms a liquid phase with Al_(2)O_(3). The Cr element is dissolved into corundum and spinel of the refractories, resulting in lattice defects and structural damage of the materials. TiO2reacts with Al_(2)O_(3) to form Al_(2)TiO_(5), which plays a crucial role in preventing crack formation and propagation. Part of Ti4+dissolves into magnesia-alumina(MA), densifying the materials. TiO2also slows down the reaction between the Cr element and refractory components, further improving the corrosion resistance of the materials.展开更多
该文以适用于低真空管道高速磁浮列车的无铁心直线感应悬浮电机为研究对象,针对其运行过程中可能存在的非均匀气隙工况,在直角坐标下建立该电机的磁场和电磁特性的三维解析模型。首先,介绍该直线感应悬浮电机的拓扑结构及其工作原理;其...该文以适用于低真空管道高速磁浮列车的无铁心直线感应悬浮电机为研究对象,针对其运行过程中可能存在的非均匀气隙工况,在直角坐标下建立该电机的磁场和电磁特性的三维解析模型。首先,介绍该直线感应悬浮电机的拓扑结构及其工作原理;其次,采用积分法求解得到直线感应悬浮电机初级的三维空间磁场分布函数,并对该磁场分布函数进行傅里叶级数转换,使电机初级三维磁场函数具有形式上连续统一的解析表达式;再次,基于二阶矢量磁位(second order vectorpotential,SOVP),提出无铁心直线感应悬浮电机可考虑任意气隙(均匀、不均匀)工况的三维解析模型,推导出悬浮力、牵引力、涡流损耗等电磁参数的解析表达式,并通过有限元法验证解析计算的准确性;最后,通过小型样机试验,来验证理论计算的合理性。展开更多
基金We acknowledge financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21972001 and 21871001)Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(No.2008085MB37)Anhui University.
文摘Bimetallic nanocluster with atomic precision has gained widespread attention due to its unique synergism.The coreless Au_(4)Cu_(5)bimetallic nanoclusters were selected as models to explore the relationship between their microstructure and performance,and compare with the coreless monometallic nanoclusters,core–shell nanoclusters,and single atom catalyst(SAC).The experimental results show that the coreless bimetallic nanocluster catalyst Au_(4)Cu_(5)/activated carbon(AC)exhibits high activity and stability in the Ullmann C–O coupling reaction,much higher than coreless monometallic nanoclusters(Au_(11)/AC and Cu_(11)/AC),core–shell nanoclusters(Au_(25)/AC,Cu_(25)/AC,and Au_(1)Cu_(24)/AC),and single atom catalysts(Au SAC and Cu SAC).Moreover,the coreless Au_(4)Cu_(5)/AC catalyst efficiently catalyzed the Ullmann C–O coupling of benzyl alcohol for the first time.This structure–activity relationship was successfully extended to other coreless bimetallic systems,such as Au_(4)Cu_(4)/AC nanocluster,and it is expected to provide new insights for the design of bimetallic catalysts with well-defined performance.
文摘A multimode interference refractive index （KI） sensor based on the coreless fiber was numerically and experimentally demonstrated. Two identical single mode fibers （SMF） are spliced at both ends of a section of the coreless fiber which can he considered as the equivalent weakly guiding multimode fiber （MMF） with a step-index profile when the surrounding refractive index （SKI） is lower than that of the coreless fiber. Thus, it becomes the conventional single-mode multimode single-mode （SMS） fiber structure but with a larger core size. The output spectra will shift along with the changes in the SKI owing to the direct exposure of the coreless fiber. The output spectra under different SKIs were numerically studied, as well as the sensitivities with different lengths and diameters of the coreless fiber. The predication and calculation showed the good agreement with the experimental results. The proposed RI sensor proved to be feasible by verification experiments, and the relative error was merely 0.1% which occupied preferable sensing performance and practicability.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52272022)Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2021CFA071).
文摘Alumina-magnesia dry materials are widely used in induction furnace linings, but they show different kinds of damage when melting different kinds of alloy steel. In this paper, the chemical composition, phase composition, and microstructure of the post-use dry materials for the working liners melting different kinds of steel were evaluated. Furthermore, the corrosion mechanism of the steel on the furnace lining materials was comprehensively analyzed. The findings reveal a significant ability of the Mn element in the molten steel to diffuse and penetrate into the refractories. Mn oxidizes to form MnO at the steel-refractory interface, and then forms a liquid phase with Al_(2)O_(3). The Cr element is dissolved into corundum and spinel of the refractories, resulting in lattice defects and structural damage of the materials. TiO2reacts with Al_(2)O_(3) to form Al_(2)TiO_(5), which plays a crucial role in preventing crack formation and propagation. Part of Ti4+dissolves into magnesia-alumina(MA), densifying the materials. TiO2also slows down the reaction between the Cr element and refractory components, further improving the corrosion resistance of the materials.
文摘该文以适用于低真空管道高速磁浮列车的无铁心直线感应悬浮电机为研究对象,针对其运行过程中可能存在的非均匀气隙工况,在直角坐标下建立该电机的磁场和电磁特性的三维解析模型。首先,介绍该直线感应悬浮电机的拓扑结构及其工作原理;其次,采用积分法求解得到直线感应悬浮电机初级的三维空间磁场分布函数,并对该磁场分布函数进行傅里叶级数转换,使电机初级三维磁场函数具有形式上连续统一的解析表达式;再次,基于二阶矢量磁位(second order vectorpotential,SOVP),提出无铁心直线感应悬浮电机可考虑任意气隙(均匀、不均匀)工况的三维解析模型,推导出悬浮力、牵引力、涡流损耗等电磁参数的解析表达式,并通过有限元法验证解析计算的准确性;最后,通过小型样机试验,来验证理论计算的合理性。
