Background:Core muscle functional strength training(CMFST)has been reported to reduce injuries to the lower extremity.However,no study has confirmed whether CMFST can reduce the risk of low back pain(LBP).Objective:Th...Background:Core muscle functional strength training(CMFST)has been reported to reduce injuries to the lower extremity.However,no study has confirmed whether CMFST can reduce the risk of low back pain(LBP).Objective:This study identified the effects of CMFST on the incidence of LBP in military recruits.Design,setting,participants and intervention:We performed a prospective,open-label,randomized,controlled study in a population of young healthy male naval recruits from a Chinese basic combat training program.Participants were randomly assigned to either the core group or the control group.In additional to normal basic combat training,recruits in the core group underwent a CMFST program for 12 weeks,while recruits in the control group received no extra training.Main outcome measures:At the beginning of the study and at the 12 th week,the number of participants with LBP was counted,and lumbar muscle endurance was measured.In addition,when participants complained of LBP,they were assessed using the visual analog scale(VAS)and Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire(RMDQ).Results:A total of 588 participants were included in the final analysis(295 in the core group and 293 in the control group).The incidence of LBP in the control group was about twice that of the core group over the 12-week study(20.8%vs 10.8%,odds ratio:2.161–2.159,P<0.001).The core group had better lumbar muscle endurance at 12 weeks than the control group([200.80±92.98]s vs[147.00±84.51]s,P<0.01).There was no significant difference in VAS score between groups,but the core group had a significantly lower RMDQ score at week 12 than the control group(3.33±0.58 vs 5.47±4.41,P<0.05).Conclusion:This study demonstrated that the CMFST effectively reduced the incidence of LBP,improved lumbar muscle endurance,and relieved the dysfunction of LBP during basic military training.展开更多
Background： Various training schemes have sought to improve golf-related athletic ability. In the golf swing motion, the muscle strengths of the core and arms play important roles, where a difference typically exists...Background： Various training schemes have sought to improve golf-related athletic ability. In the golf swing motion, the muscle strengths of the core and arms play important roles, where a difference typically exists in the power of arm muscles between the dominant and non- dominant sides. The purposes of this study were to determine the effects of exercises strengthening the core and non-dominant arm muscles of elite golf players （handicap 〈 3） on the increase in drive distance, and to present a corresponding training scheme aimed at improving golf performance ability. Methods： Sixty elite golfers were randomized into the control group （CG, n = 20）, core exercise group （CEG, n = 20）, and group receiving a combination of muscle strengthening exercises of the non-dominant arm and the core （NCEG, n = 20）. The 3 groups conducted the corresponding exercises for 8 weeks, after which the changes in drive distances and isokinetic strength were measured. Results： Significant differences in the overall improvement of drive distance were observed among the groups （p 〈 0.001）. Enhancement of the drive distance of NCEG was greater than both CG （p 〈 0.001） and CEG （p = 0.001）. Except for trunk flexion, all variables of the measurements of isokinetic strength for NCEG also showed the highest values compared to the other groups. Examination of the correlation between drive distance and isokinetic strength revealed significant correlations of all variables except trunk flexion, wrist extension, and elbow extension. Conclusion： The combination of core and non-dominant arm strength exercises can provide a more effective specialized training program than core alone training for golfers to increase their drive distances.展开更多
Exercising in high environmental temperatures may cause precocious hyperthermia induced fatigue resulting in a decreased athletes’ performance output. This systematic review with meta-analysis investigated the possib...Exercising in high environmental temperatures may cause precocious hyperthermia induced fatigue resulting in a decreased athletes’ performance output. This systematic review with meta-analysis investigated the possible effects of pre-exercise cooling on performance output. This study was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines and the PICO-model was used to establish the research question. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was applied to assess the validity of the included studies. Study eligibility was given when the studies compared the effects between any kind of pre-cooling and non-cooling strategies prior to exercise on performance output. Twenty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria for quantitative analysis. Risk of bias was high or unclear but the performance bias was low. The estimated standardized mean difference revealed that external pre-cooling (21 studies) enhanced performance (Hedges’ g = 0.49 [95% CI: 0.33 to 0.64]), with the main effect observed in endurance cycling or running. Internal (7 studies) and mixed-method (5 studies) pre-cooling failed to significantly affect performance parameters. However, the main output parameter, evaluated in these studies, was peak power output. Subgroup analysis for different outcome measures was not possible because meaningful grouping was not plausible. Limitations of this meta-analysis were the high or unclear risk of bias and the comparability of the included studies. Future studies should also determine the effects of different pre-cooling applications on female and untrained participants. Based on the results of this meta-analysis, it can be concluded that there is some evidence in favour of external pre-cooling to avoid precocious hyperthermia induced fatigue in endurance athletes exercising in hot environments.展开更多
This study aimed to clarify the immediate effect that trunk muscle exercise has on muscle reaction time, and to clarify the effect of 2-week exercise on muscle reaction time. The study showed that as for immediate eff...This study aimed to clarify the immediate effect that trunk muscle exercise has on muscle reaction time, and to clarify the effect of 2-week exercise on muscle reaction time. The study showed that as for immediate effects, the muscle reaction time was significantly shortened in the TrA/OI (transversus abdominis muscle/obliquus internus muscle) of two exercise groups. However, the immediate effect seen before the 2-week trunk muscle exercise intervention disappeared after the intervention. In addition, trunk muscle exercise intervention for 2 weeks significantly shortened the muscle reaction time of TrA/OI in one exercise group. Furthermore, shortening of the muscle reaction time was also observed in the MF (multifidus muscle) of both exercise groups. The factors affecting the muscle reaction time of TrA observed in this study were considered to be an improvement of neuromuscular function by the central nervous system. It was also considered that 2-week exercise intervention has a lower value after 2 weeks due to an improvement of neuromuscular function by the central nervous system, and an immediate effect could not be obtained with the same exercise as at the time of intervention.展开更多
基金supported partially by the Special Project of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Shanghai General Hospital(ZW[2018-2020]-FWTX-3013)Naval Medical University“Qi Hang”Military Medical Talent Program(2019-QH-12)The 13th Five-Year Army Key Discipline Construction Project(2020SZ21-2)。
文摘Background:Core muscle functional strength training(CMFST)has been reported to reduce injuries to the lower extremity.However,no study has confirmed whether CMFST can reduce the risk of low back pain(LBP).Objective:This study identified the effects of CMFST on the incidence of LBP in military recruits.Design,setting,participants and intervention:We performed a prospective,open-label,randomized,controlled study in a population of young healthy male naval recruits from a Chinese basic combat training program.Participants were randomly assigned to either the core group or the control group.In additional to normal basic combat training,recruits in the core group underwent a CMFST program for 12 weeks,while recruits in the control group received no extra training.Main outcome measures:At the beginning of the study and at the 12 th week,the number of participants with LBP was counted,and lumbar muscle endurance was measured.In addition,when participants complained of LBP,they were assessed using the visual analog scale(VAS)and Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire(RMDQ).Results:A total of 588 participants were included in the final analysis(295 in the core group and 293 in the control group).The incidence of LBP in the control group was about twice that of the core group over the 12-week study(20.8%vs 10.8%,odds ratio:2.161–2.159,P<0.001).The core group had better lumbar muscle endurance at 12 weeks than the control group([200.80±92.98]s vs[147.00±84.51]s,P<0.01).There was no significant difference in VAS score between groups,but the core group had a significantly lower RMDQ score at week 12 than the control group(3.33±0.58 vs 5.47±4.41,P<0.05).Conclusion:This study demonstrated that the CMFST effectively reduced the incidence of LBP,improved lumbar muscle endurance,and relieved the dysfunction of LBP during basic military training.
文摘Background： Various training schemes have sought to improve golf-related athletic ability. In the golf swing motion, the muscle strengths of the core and arms play important roles, where a difference typically exists in the power of arm muscles between the dominant and non- dominant sides. The purposes of this study were to determine the effects of exercises strengthening the core and non-dominant arm muscles of elite golf players （handicap 〈 3） on the increase in drive distance, and to present a corresponding training scheme aimed at improving golf performance ability. Methods： Sixty elite golfers were randomized into the control group （CG, n = 20）, core exercise group （CEG, n = 20）, and group receiving a combination of muscle strengthening exercises of the non-dominant arm and the core （NCEG, n = 20）. The 3 groups conducted the corresponding exercises for 8 weeks, after which the changes in drive distances and isokinetic strength were measured. Results： Significant differences in the overall improvement of drive distance were observed among the groups （p 〈 0.001）. Enhancement of the drive distance of NCEG was greater than both CG （p 〈 0.001） and CEG （p = 0.001）. Except for trunk flexion, all variables of the measurements of isokinetic strength for NCEG also showed the highest values compared to the other groups. Examination of the correlation between drive distance and isokinetic strength revealed significant correlations of all variables except trunk flexion, wrist extension, and elbow extension. Conclusion： The combination of core and non-dominant arm strength exercises can provide a more effective specialized training program than core alone training for golfers to increase their drive distances.
文摘Exercising in high environmental temperatures may cause precocious hyperthermia induced fatigue resulting in a decreased athletes’ performance output. This systematic review with meta-analysis investigated the possible effects of pre-exercise cooling on performance output. This study was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines and the PICO-model was used to establish the research question. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was applied to assess the validity of the included studies. Study eligibility was given when the studies compared the effects between any kind of pre-cooling and non-cooling strategies prior to exercise on performance output. Twenty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria for quantitative analysis. Risk of bias was high or unclear but the performance bias was low. The estimated standardized mean difference revealed that external pre-cooling (21 studies) enhanced performance (Hedges’ g = 0.49 [95% CI: 0.33 to 0.64]), with the main effect observed in endurance cycling or running. Internal (7 studies) and mixed-method (5 studies) pre-cooling failed to significantly affect performance parameters. However, the main output parameter, evaluated in these studies, was peak power output. Subgroup analysis for different outcome measures was not possible because meaningful grouping was not plausible. Limitations of this meta-analysis were the high or unclear risk of bias and the comparability of the included studies. Future studies should also determine the effects of different pre-cooling applications on female and untrained participants. Based on the results of this meta-analysis, it can be concluded that there is some evidence in favour of external pre-cooling to avoid precocious hyperthermia induced fatigue in endurance athletes exercising in hot environments.
文摘This study aimed to clarify the immediate effect that trunk muscle exercise has on muscle reaction time, and to clarify the effect of 2-week exercise on muscle reaction time. The study showed that as for immediate effects, the muscle reaction time was significantly shortened in the TrA/OI (transversus abdominis muscle/obliquus internus muscle) of two exercise groups. However, the immediate effect seen before the 2-week trunk muscle exercise intervention disappeared after the intervention. In addition, trunk muscle exercise intervention for 2 weeks significantly shortened the muscle reaction time of TrA/OI in one exercise group. Furthermore, shortening of the muscle reaction time was also observed in the MF (multifidus muscle) of both exercise groups. The factors affecting the muscle reaction time of TrA observed in this study were considered to be an improvement of neuromuscular function by the central nervous system. It was also considered that 2-week exercise intervention has a lower value after 2 weeks due to an improvement of neuromuscular function by the central nervous system, and an immediate effect could not be obtained with the same exercise as at the time of intervention.
