目的探讨青少年近视眼配戴硬性透气性角膜接触镜（rigid gas permeable contact lens，RGPCL）、角膜塑型镜（orthokeratology，Ortho—K，OK镜）及框架眼镜后调节滞后的差异。方法70名（70眼）9～14岁中低度青少年近视眼患儿，行医学...目的探讨青少年近视眼配戴硬性透气性角膜接触镜（rigid gas permeable contact lens，RGPCL）、角膜塑型镜（orthokeratology，Ortho—K，OK镜）及框架眼镜后调节滞后的差异。方法70名（70眼）9～14岁中低度青少年近视眼患儿，行医学验光、角膜曲率、角膜地形图检查后，根据检查结果、患儿及家长依从性等综合评估，对其中25名患儿选择配戴RGPCL，25名患儿配戴Ortho—K，其余20名患儿配戴框架眼镜。配戴期间每3个月复查1次，1年以后测定RGPCL组戴镜屈光度、Ortho—K组脱镜后的残余屈光度及框架眼镜组的屈光度．并使用开放视野型红外验光仪测量其在2～5D调节刺激下的调节反应．计算相对应的调节滞后和调节反应／刺激（AR／AS）斜率。对相关数据采用单因素方差分析的LSD检验。结果总共有57人完成测量。在2D调节刺激水平下，RGPCL、Ortho—K和框架眼镜组的调节滞后值间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；在3D、4D、5D调节刺激水平下，3组问的调节滞后值差异均具有统计学意义（F=4．373，P〈0．05；F=5．833，P〈0．01；F=6．157，P〈0．01），Ortho—K组的调节滞后值最小，RGPCL组次之，而框架眼镜组的调节滞后值最大。调节反应／刺激（AR／AS）斜率也呈现同样趋势，但3组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论配戴RGPCL和Ortho—K1年后，患儿在高调节需求时的调节滞后值明显低于框架眼镜组，其在延缓青少年近视进展中可以起到积极的作用。展开更多
The major challenge faced by today's pharmacologist and formulation scientist is ocular drug delivery. Topical eye drop is the most convenient and patient compliant route of drug administration,especially for the ...The major challenge faced by today's pharmacologist and formulation scientist is ocular drug delivery. Topical eye drop is the most convenient and patient compliant route of drug administration,especially for the treatment of anterior segment diseases. Delivery of drugs to the targeted ocular tissues is restricted by various precorneal,dynamic and static ocular barriers. Also,therapeutic drug levels are not maintained for longer duration in target tissues. In the past two decades,ocular drug delivery research acceleratedly advanced towards developing a novel,safe and patient compliant formulation and drug delivery devices/techniques,which may surpass these barriers and maintain drug levels in tissues. Anterior segment drug delivery advances are witnessed by modulation of conventional topical solutions with permeation and viscosity enhancers. Also,it includes development of conventional topical formulations such as suspensions,emulsions and ointments. Various nanoformulations have also been introduced for anterior segment ocular drug delivery. On the other hand,for posterior ocular delivery,research has been immensely focused towards development of drug releasing devices and nanoformulations for treating chronic vitreo-retinal diseases. These novel devices and/or formulations may help to surpass ocular barriers and associated side effects with conventional topicaldrops. Also,these novel devices and/or formulations are easy to formulate,no/negligibly irritating,possess high precorneal residence time,sustain the drug release,and enhance ocular bioavailability of therapeutics. An update of current research advancement in ocular drug delivery necessitates and helps drug delivery scientists to modulate their think process and develop novel and safe drug delivery strategies. Current review intends to summarize the existing conventional formulations for ocular delivery and their advancements followed by current nanotechnology based formulation developments. Also,recent developments with other ocular drug delivery strateg展开更多
A large subset of corneal pathologies involves the formation of new vessels(neovascularization), leading to compromised visual acuity. This article aims to review the clinical causes and presentations of corneal neova...A large subset of corneal pathologies involves the formation of new vessels(neovascularization), leading to compromised visual acuity. This article aims to review the clinical causes and presentations of corneal neovascularization(CNV) by examining the mechanisms behind common CNV-related corneal pathologies, with a particular focus on herpes simplex stromal keratitis,contact lenses-induced keratitis and CNV secondary to keratoplasty. Moreover, we reviewed CNV in the context of different types of corneal transplantation and keratoprosthesis, and summarized the most relevant treatment available so far.展开更多
文摘目的探讨青少年近视眼配戴硬性透气性角膜接触镜（rigid gas permeable contact lens，RGPCL）、角膜塑型镜（orthokeratology，Ortho—K，OK镜）及框架眼镜后调节滞后的差异。方法70名（70眼）9～14岁中低度青少年近视眼患儿，行医学验光、角膜曲率、角膜地形图检查后，根据检查结果、患儿及家长依从性等综合评估，对其中25名患儿选择配戴RGPCL，25名患儿配戴Ortho—K，其余20名患儿配戴框架眼镜。配戴期间每3个月复查1次，1年以后测定RGPCL组戴镜屈光度、Ortho—K组脱镜后的残余屈光度及框架眼镜组的屈光度．并使用开放视野型红外验光仪测量其在2～5D调节刺激下的调节反应．计算相对应的调节滞后和调节反应／刺激（AR／AS）斜率。对相关数据采用单因素方差分析的LSD检验。结果总共有57人完成测量。在2D调节刺激水平下，RGPCL、Ortho—K和框架眼镜组的调节滞后值间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；在3D、4D、5D调节刺激水平下，3组问的调节滞后值差异均具有统计学意义（F=4．373，P〈0．05；F=5．833，P〈0．01；F=6．157，P〈0．01），Ortho—K组的调节滞后值最小，RGPCL组次之，而框架眼镜组的调节滞后值最大。调节反应／刺激（AR／AS）斜率也呈现同样趋势，但3组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论配戴RGPCL和Ortho—K1年后，患儿在高调节需求时的调节滞后值明显低于框架眼镜组，其在延缓青少年近视进展中可以起到积极的作用。
文摘The major challenge faced by today's pharmacologist and formulation scientist is ocular drug delivery. Topical eye drop is the most convenient and patient compliant route of drug administration,especially for the treatment of anterior segment diseases. Delivery of drugs to the targeted ocular tissues is restricted by various precorneal,dynamic and static ocular barriers. Also,therapeutic drug levels are not maintained for longer duration in target tissues. In the past two decades,ocular drug delivery research acceleratedly advanced towards developing a novel,safe and patient compliant formulation and drug delivery devices/techniques,which may surpass these barriers and maintain drug levels in tissues. Anterior segment drug delivery advances are witnessed by modulation of conventional topical solutions with permeation and viscosity enhancers. Also,it includes development of conventional topical formulations such as suspensions,emulsions and ointments. Various nanoformulations have also been introduced for anterior segment ocular drug delivery. On the other hand,for posterior ocular delivery,research has been immensely focused towards development of drug releasing devices and nanoformulations for treating chronic vitreo-retinal diseases. These novel devices and/or formulations may help to surpass ocular barriers and associated side effects with conventional topicaldrops. Also,these novel devices and/or formulations are easy to formulate,no/negligibly irritating,possess high precorneal residence time,sustain the drug release,and enhance ocular bioavailability of therapeutics. An update of current research advancement in ocular drug delivery necessitates and helps drug delivery scientists to modulate their think process and develop novel and safe drug delivery strategies. Current review intends to summarize the existing conventional formulations for ocular delivery and their advancements followed by current nanotechnology based formulation developments. Also,recent developments with other ocular drug delivery strateg
文摘A large subset of corneal pathologies involves the formation of new vessels(neovascularization), leading to compromised visual acuity. This article aims to review the clinical causes and presentations of corneal neovascularization(CNV) by examining the mechanisms behind common CNV-related corneal pathologies, with a particular focus on herpes simplex stromal keratitis,contact lenses-induced keratitis and CNV secondary to keratoplasty. Moreover, we reviewed CNV in the context of different types of corneal transplantation and keratoprosthesis, and summarized the most relevant treatment available so far.
