在弹性配电网的灾后恢复供电过程中,可移动式储能(mobile energy storage systems,MESSs)作为应急电源在恢复重要负荷供电时可发挥显著作用,如何合理配置MESS使得灾害发生后能够快速恢复对重要负荷节点进行供电具有重要意义。本文提出...在弹性配电网的灾后恢复供电过程中,可移动式储能(mobile energy storage systems,MESSs)作为应急电源在恢复重要负荷供电时可发挥显著作用,如何合理配置MESS使得灾害发生后能够快速恢复对重要负荷节点进行供电具有重要意义。本文提出了一种计及效率提升的弹性配电网中MESS的优化配置方法。首先,考虑配电网中各节点停电风险和区域允许最短时限,给出该区域最优选址点个数及位置;其次,根据MESS的最短移动距离、最短移动时间和MESS的利用效率,建立负荷分层的MESS优化配置模型,以及以最小化灾后综合费用最小为目标函数。本文所提模型通过划分负荷的重要等级实现了优先为重要负荷恢复供电,提高了MESS的利用效率,最后通过算例分析验证所提配置模型的正确性和有效性。展开更多
综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)是能源体制改革的重要内容,对多区域IES进行统一规划与调度能够进一步改善IES的经济性与环保性。针对IES容量规划与运行问题,提出一种多区域IES两阶段优化方法。第一阶段优化是一个多目标规...综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)是能源体制改革的重要内容,对多区域IES进行统一规划与调度能够进一步改善IES的经济性与环保性。针对IES容量规划与运行问题,提出一种多区域IES两阶段优化方法。第一阶段优化是一个多目标规划问题,其目的是使经济成本和环境成本最小;第二阶段优化是一个运行问题,其主要作用是确定系统的最优运行方案。将多区域IES联合规划的结果与独立规划的结果进行比较,仿真结果表明,多区域综合能源系统联合规划更加经济实用。展开更多
This study attempts to quantify the influence of spatial configuration on the functional efficiency of mosque layouts in the early Ottoman period. The literature review consists of two parts. The first part is a theor...This study attempts to quantify the influence of spatial configuration on the functional efficiency of mosque layouts in the early Ottoman period. The literature review consists of two parts. The first part is a theoretical study of the relationship between spatial configuration and functional efficiency of mosque layouts. This part highlights the key syntactical characteristics and effect of spatial configuration on the level of functional efficiency using space syntax theory. The second part is an analytical comparative description of the changes and transfor- mations in the configurations of mosque layouts. The architectural styles are classified into six types based on layout designs. The main benchmarks and indicators involved in measuring the functional efficiency of mosque layouts are analyzed using the A-graph 2009 software program, which provides numerical results. This analysis compares entire samples of mosque layout designs for each category. The numerical results indicate the effect of spatial configurations and the functions of mosque layouts. This study shows that mosques with courtyard layouts are accessible, efficient, and flexible in terms of function because of their distinct syntactical and morphological spatial structures.展开更多
文摘在弹性配电网的灾后恢复供电过程中,可移动式储能(mobile energy storage systems,MESSs)作为应急电源在恢复重要负荷供电时可发挥显著作用,如何合理配置MESS使得灾害发生后能够快速恢复对重要负荷节点进行供电具有重要意义。本文提出了一种计及效率提升的弹性配电网中MESS的优化配置方法。首先,考虑配电网中各节点停电风险和区域允许最短时限,给出该区域最优选址点个数及位置;其次,根据MESS的最短移动距离、最短移动时间和MESS的利用效率,建立负荷分层的MESS优化配置模型,以及以最小化灾后综合费用最小为目标函数。本文所提模型通过划分负荷的重要等级实现了优先为重要负荷恢复供电,提高了MESS的利用效率,最后通过算例分析验证所提配置模型的正确性和有效性。
文摘综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)是能源体制改革的重要内容,对多区域IES进行统一规划与调度能够进一步改善IES的经济性与环保性。针对IES容量规划与运行问题,提出一种多区域IES两阶段优化方法。第一阶段优化是一个多目标规划问题,其目的是使经济成本和环境成本最小;第二阶段优化是一个运行问题,其主要作用是确定系统的最优运行方案。将多区域IES联合规划的结果与独立规划的结果进行比较,仿真结果表明,多区域综合能源系统联合规划更加经济实用。
文摘This study attempts to quantify the influence of spatial configuration on the functional efficiency of mosque layouts in the early Ottoman period. The literature review consists of two parts. The first part is a theoretical study of the relationship between spatial configuration and functional efficiency of mosque layouts. This part highlights the key syntactical characteristics and effect of spatial configuration on the level of functional efficiency using space syntax theory. The second part is an analytical comparative description of the changes and transfor- mations in the configurations of mosque layouts. The architectural styles are classified into six types based on layout designs. The main benchmarks and indicators involved in measuring the functional efficiency of mosque layouts are analyzed using the A-graph 2009 software program, which provides numerical results. This analysis compares entire samples of mosque layout designs for each category. The numerical results indicate the effect of spatial configurations and the functions of mosque layouts. This study shows that mosques with courtyard layouts are accessible, efficient, and flexible in terms of function because of their distinct syntactical and morphological spatial structures.
