The deformation,flicker,and drift of a light field owing to complex media such as a turbulent atmosphere have limited its practical applications.Thus,research on invariants in randomly fluctuated light fields has garn...The deformation,flicker,and drift of a light field owing to complex media such as a turbulent atmosphere have limited its practical applications.Thus,research on invariants in randomly fluctuated light fields has garnered considerable attention in recent years.Coherence is a statistical property of light,while its full and quantitative characterization is challenging.Herein,we successfully realize the orthogonal modal decomposition of partially coherent beams and introduce the application of coherence entropy as a global coherence characteristic of such randomly fluctuated light fields.It is demonstrated that coherence entropy remains consistent during propagation in a unitary system by unraveling complex channels.As representative examples,we study the robustness of coherence entropy for partially coherent beams as they propagate through deformed optical systems and turbulent media.Coherence entropy is anticipated to serve as a key metric for evaluating the propagation of partially coherent beams in complex channels.This study paves the way for a broader application scope of a customized low-coherence light field through nonideal optical systems and complex media.展开更多
Dear Editor,Auxin is the major plant hormone regulating growth and development(Friml,2022).Forward genetic approaches have identified major components of auxin signaling and established the canonical mechanism mediati...Dear Editor,Auxin is the major plant hormone regulating growth and development(Friml,2022).Forward genetic approaches have identified major components of auxin signaling and established the canonical mechanism mediating transcriptional and thus developmental reprogramming in Arabidopsis thaliana.In this textbook view,TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1(TIR1)/AUXIN-SIGNALING F-BOX(AFB)proteins are auxin receptors,which act as F-box subunits determining the substrate specificity of the Skp1-Cullin1-F box protein(SCF)type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex.Auxin acts as a"molecular glue,"increasing the affinity between TIR1/AFBs and the Auxin/lndole-3-Acetic Acid(Aux/IAA)repressors.Subsequently,Aux/IAAs are ubiquitinated and degraded,thus releasing auxin transcription factors from their repression and making them free to mediate transcription of auxin response genes(Yu et al.,2022).展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFA1404800 and 2019YFA0705000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12174280,12204340,12192254,92250304,and 92050202)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2022M722325)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.KJS2138)
文摘The deformation,flicker,and drift of a light field owing to complex media such as a turbulent atmosphere have limited its practical applications.Thus,research on invariants in randomly fluctuated light fields has garnered considerable attention in recent years.Coherence is a statistical property of light,while its full and quantitative characterization is challenging.Herein,we successfully realize the orthogonal modal decomposition of partially coherent beams and introduce the application of coherence entropy as a global coherence characteristic of such randomly fluctuated light fields.It is demonstrated that coherence entropy remains consistent during propagation in a unitary system by unraveling complex channels.As representative examples,we study the robustness of coherence entropy for partially coherent beams as they propagate through deformed optical systems and turbulent media.Coherence entropy is anticipated to serve as a key metric for evaluating the propagation of partially coherent beams in complex channels.This study paves the way for a broader application scope of a customized low-coherence light field through nonideal optical systems and complex media.
基金the European Research Council Advanced Grant(ETAP-742985).
文摘Dear Editor,Auxin is the major plant hormone regulating growth and development(Friml,2022).Forward genetic approaches have identified major components of auxin signaling and established the canonical mechanism mediating transcriptional and thus developmental reprogramming in Arabidopsis thaliana.In this textbook view,TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1(TIR1)/AUXIN-SIGNALING F-BOX(AFB)proteins are auxin receptors,which act as F-box subunits determining the substrate specificity of the Skp1-Cullin1-F box protein(SCF)type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex.Auxin acts as a"molecular glue,"increasing the affinity between TIR1/AFBs and the Auxin/lndole-3-Acetic Acid(Aux/IAA)repressors.Subsequently,Aux/IAAs are ubiquitinated and degraded,thus releasing auxin transcription factors from their repression and making them free to mediate transcription of auxin response genes(Yu et al.,2022).
