The multiple knapsack problem denoted by MKP (B,S,m,n) can be defined as fol- lows.A set B of n items and a set Sof m knapsacks are given such thateach item j has a profit pjand weightwj,and each knapsack i has a ca...The multiple knapsack problem denoted by MKP (B,S,m,n) can be defined as fol- lows.A set B of n items and a set Sof m knapsacks are given such thateach item j has a profit pjand weightwj,and each knapsack i has a capacity Ci.The goal is to find a subset of items of maximum profit such that they have a feasible packing in the knapsacks.MKP(B,S,m,n) is strongly NP- Complete and no polynomial- time approximation algorithm can have an approxima- tion ratio better than0 .5 .In the last ten years,semi- definite programming has been empolyed to solve some combinatorial problems successfully.This paper firstly presents a semi- definite re- laxation algorithm (MKPS) for MKP (B,S,m,n) .It is proved that MKPS have a approxima- tion ratio better than 0 .5 for a subclass of MKP (B,S,m,n) with n≤ 1 0 0 ,m≤ 5 and maxnj=1{ wj} minmi=1{ Ci} ≤ 2 3 .展开更多
Objec ve To observe the effi cacy of electroacupuncture on glycometabolism disturbance in metabolism syndrome. Methods With matched-pairs design,80 pa ents mee ng with the diagnos c criteria for glycometabolism abnorm...Objec ve To observe the effi cacy of electroacupuncture on glycometabolism disturbance in metabolism syndrome. Methods With matched-pairs design,80 pa ents mee ng with the diagnos c criteria for glycometabolism abnormali es were randomized into the group combining acupuncture and medica on（group A） and the western medicine group（group B）,and 40 pa ents were included in each group. Electroacupuncture was carried out on back-shu points,Zúsānlǐ（足三里 ST 36）,Zhōngwǎn（中脘 CV 12）,Sānyīnjiāo（三阴交 SP 6） and other acupoints for group A,needles were retained for 20 min except back-shu points,once a day,con nuous ten mes as a treatment course,the next treatment course was started a er an interval for 3–5 days,and totally 3 treatment courses were carried out; furthermore,the pa ents were orally administered with Glucotrol XL and felodipine,5 mg each,once a day. The pa ents in group B were treated simply with drugs（the medica on was the same to that for the group A）. Body mass index（BMI）,related biochemical indices and blood pressure of the pa ents were measured before and a er the interven on,respec vely. Results BMI,blood-fas ng glucose,blood glucose 2 h after meal,fasting insulin,insulin resistance index,systolic pressure and diastolic pressure in group A all significantly improved in comparison to those before the electroacupuncture intervention（P0.01）. The difference in BMI in group B before and after the treatments was not statistically significant（P0.05）,and other indices all showed significant improvements（P0.01）. The improvements in the indices as mentioned above in the group A after treatment were significantly better than those in the group B（P0.01）. Conclusion Electroacupuncture intervention can significantly reduce weight,combina on of acupuncture and medica on shows be er effi cacy in reducing blood glucose,improving insulin sensi vity and insulin resistance in comparison to simple administra on with medica ons.展开更多
This article mainly discuss the language styles in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Colloquial and satire are important language styles in this book. Vanity unquestioning acceptance of violence coward and slave all...This article mainly discuss the language styles in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Colloquial and satire are important language styles in this book. Vanity unquestioning acceptance of violence coward and slave all satire the great national problems; Besides, combination of the colloquial language and satire is also very successful in this novel, which vividly reveal the American society at that time .展开更多
AIM:To assess whether gemcitabine-based combination therapy improves the prognosis of unresectable pancreatic cancer compared with gemcitabine treatment alone.METHODS:A quantitative up-to-date meta-analysis was undert...AIM:To assess whether gemcitabine-based combination therapy improves the prognosis of unresectable pancreatic cancer compared with gemcitabine treatment alone.METHODS:A quantitative up-to-date meta-analysis was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of gemcitabine-based combination treatment compared with gemcitabine monotherapy in locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer.Inclusion was limited to highquality randomized clinical trials.RESULTS:Twenty-six studies were included in the present analysis,with a total of 8808 patients recruited.The studies were divided into four subgroups based on the different kinds of cytotoxic agents,including platinum,fluoropyrimidine,camptothecin and targeted agents.Patients treated with gemcitabine monotherapy had significantly lower objective response rate [risk ratio(RR),0.72;95% confidence interval(CI):0.63-0.83;P < 0.001],and lower 1-year overall survival(RR,0.90;95%CI:0.82-0.99;P = 0.04).Gemcitabine monotherapy caused fewer complications,including fewer grade 3-4 toxicities:including vomiting(RR,0.75;95%CI:0.62-0.89;P = 0.001),diarrhea(RR,0.66;95%CI:0.49-0.89;P = 0.006),neutropenia(RR,0.88;95%CI:0.72-1.06;P = 0.18),anemia(RR,0.96;95%CI:0.82-1.12;P = 0.60),and thrombocytopenia(RR,0.76;95%CI:0.60-0.97;P = 0.03) compared with gemcitabine combination therapies.CONCLUSION:Gemcitabine combination therapy provides a modest improvement of survival,but is associated with more toxicity compared with gemcitabine monotherapy.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(1 9971 0 78)
文摘The multiple knapsack problem denoted by MKP (B,S,m,n) can be defined as fol- lows.A set B of n items and a set Sof m knapsacks are given such thateach item j has a profit pjand weightwj,and each knapsack i has a capacity Ci.The goal is to find a subset of items of maximum profit such that they have a feasible packing in the knapsacks.MKP(B,S,m,n) is strongly NP- Complete and no polynomial- time approximation algorithm can have an approxima- tion ratio better than0 .5 .In the last ten years,semi- definite programming has been empolyed to solve some combinatorial problems successfully.This paper firstly presents a semi- definite re- laxation algorithm (MKPS) for MKP (B,S,m,n) .It is proved that MKPS have a approxima- tion ratio better than 0 .5 for a subclass of MKP (B,S,m,n) with n≤ 1 0 0 ,m≤ 5 and maxnj=1{ wj} minmi=1{ Ci} ≤ 2 3 .
基金Supported by scien fic and technological tackling project in Administra on of TCM of Health Bureau of Hebei Province:2009099
文摘Objec ve To observe the effi cacy of electroacupuncture on glycometabolism disturbance in metabolism syndrome. Methods With matched-pairs design,80 pa ents mee ng with the diagnos c criteria for glycometabolism abnormali es were randomized into the group combining acupuncture and medica on（group A） and the western medicine group（group B）,and 40 pa ents were included in each group. Electroacupuncture was carried out on back-shu points,Zúsānlǐ（足三里 ST 36）,Zhōngwǎn（中脘 CV 12）,Sānyīnjiāo（三阴交 SP 6） and other acupoints for group A,needles were retained for 20 min except back-shu points,once a day,con nuous ten mes as a treatment course,the next treatment course was started a er an interval for 3–5 days,and totally 3 treatment courses were carried out; furthermore,the pa ents were orally administered with Glucotrol XL and felodipine,5 mg each,once a day. The pa ents in group B were treated simply with drugs（the medica on was the same to that for the group A）. Body mass index（BMI）,related biochemical indices and blood pressure of the pa ents were measured before and a er the interven on,respec vely. Results BMI,blood-fas ng glucose,blood glucose 2 h after meal,fasting insulin,insulin resistance index,systolic pressure and diastolic pressure in group A all significantly improved in comparison to those before the electroacupuncture intervention（P0.01）. The difference in BMI in group B before and after the treatments was not statistically significant（P0.05）,and other indices all showed significant improvements（P0.01）. The improvements in the indices as mentioned above in the group A after treatment were significantly better than those in the group B（P0.01）. Conclusion Electroacupuncture intervention can significantly reduce weight,combina on of acupuncture and medica on shows be er effi cacy in reducing blood glucose,improving insulin sensi vity and insulin resistance in comparison to simple administra on with medica ons.
文摘This article mainly discuss the language styles in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Colloquial and satire are important language styles in this book. Vanity unquestioning acceptance of violence coward and slave all satire the great national problems; Besides, combination of the colloquial language and satire is also very successful in this novel, which vividly reveal the American society at that time .
文摘AIM:To assess whether gemcitabine-based combination therapy improves the prognosis of unresectable pancreatic cancer compared with gemcitabine treatment alone.METHODS:A quantitative up-to-date meta-analysis was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of gemcitabine-based combination treatment compared with gemcitabine monotherapy in locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer.Inclusion was limited to highquality randomized clinical trials.RESULTS:Twenty-six studies were included in the present analysis,with a total of 8808 patients recruited.The studies were divided into four subgroups based on the different kinds of cytotoxic agents,including platinum,fluoropyrimidine,camptothecin and targeted agents.Patients treated with gemcitabine monotherapy had significantly lower objective response rate [risk ratio(RR),0.72;95% confidence interval(CI):0.63-0.83;P < 0.001],and lower 1-year overall survival(RR,0.90;95%CI:0.82-0.99;P = 0.04).Gemcitabine monotherapy caused fewer complications,including fewer grade 3-4 toxicities:including vomiting(RR,0.75;95%CI:0.62-0.89;P = 0.001),diarrhea(RR,0.66;95%CI:0.49-0.89;P = 0.006),neutropenia(RR,0.88;95%CI:0.72-1.06;P = 0.18),anemia(RR,0.96;95%CI:0.82-1.12;P = 0.60),and thrombocytopenia(RR,0.76;95%CI:0.60-0.97;P = 0.03) compared with gemcitabine combination therapies.CONCLUSION:Gemcitabine combination therapy provides a modest improvement of survival,but is associated with more toxicity compared with gemcitabine monotherapy.
