结合空气质量监测站小时监测数据、NECP资料、卫星遥感资料,分析了2017年5月3—5日华北地区一次典型沙尘重污染天气过程.结果表明,此次重污染过程主要由前期的浮尘和后期的扬沙天气造成.前期,蒙古气旋强烈发展将沙尘源地的沙尘抽吸到空...结合空气质量监测站小时监测数据、NECP资料、卫星遥感资料,分析了2017年5月3—5日华北地区一次典型沙尘重污染天气过程.结果表明,此次重污染过程主要由前期的浮尘和后期的扬沙天气造成.前期,蒙古气旋强烈发展将沙尘源地的沙尘抽吸到空中并在偏西风作用下,长距离传输到华北地区沉降,造成大范围浮尘天气,多个城市出现严重污染,PM_(10)浓度增高显著.后期,随着高空横槽转竖并东移,受强冷锋影响,京津等地出现大风扬沙天气,大风过后,空气质量转好,PM_(10)浓度降低至较低水平.起沙源地高空辐散、近地面辐合产生强烈的上升运动将沙尘带到空中并向东传输至华北上空,近地面处于弱辐散场,高空的沙尘缓慢下沉,形成了浮尘天气;高空槽东移,高空辐合,近地面辐散,700 h Pa至近地面为强烈下沉运动,是形成此次扬沙天气的主要原因.结合天气形势分析和特征量诊断,给出了华北地区此次浮尘和扬沙天气的天气学概念模型.展开更多
Panax notoginseng is grown mainly in Yunnan Province.Under the present high-density planting patterns for the plant,to solve the problems of a high rate of seed damage and the inability to use a traditional single air...Panax notoginseng is grown mainly in Yunnan Province.Under the present high-density planting patterns for the plant,to solve the problems of a high rate of seed damage and the inability to use a traditional single air-blowing metering device,this paper designs a six-row air-blowing centralized precision seed-metering device for P.notoginseng to realize mechanized precision seeding of this species.This paper describes the working principle of the seed-metering device,and the main structural parameters are determined by combining theoretical calculations with simulation analysis.A mechanics model of the seed filling,cleaning and pressing processes of the seed-metering device was constructed.The seeds of P.notoginseng in Yunnan Province were selected as experimental subjects.An experimental study on the seed-metering performance of the seed-metering device was carried out using the quadratic rotation orthogonal combination test method.The outlet pressure of the air nozzle,forward velocity and cone angle of the hole were selected as test factors.Mathematical models of the grain spacing qualified index,miss index,multiple index and the coefficient of variation of the row displacement consistency were established to analyze the order of factors affecting indicators.Through parameter optimization,the optimum combination of parameters was determined as follows:the cone angle of the hole is 50°,the forward velocity is less than 0.73 m/s,and the outlet pressure of the air nozzle is 0.32-0.52 kPa.The qualified index of grain spacing is higher than 94%,the miss index is less than 3%,the multiple index is less than 5%,and the coefficient of variation of the row displacement consistency is less than 5%.The test results are essentially consistent with the optimization results.The metering device meets the requirements of precision seeding of P.notoginseng.This study provides a basis for the design of a six-row air-blowing centralized precision seed-metering device for P.notoginseng.展开更多
The one dimensional mathematical model of the air drag in melt blowing process, which had been put forward by Uyttendaele and Shambaugh is improved. The influence of the density and the specific heat capacity of polym...The one dimensional mathematical model of the air drag in melt blowing process, which had been put forward by Uyttendaele and Shambaugh is improved. The influence of the density and the specific heat capacity of polymer melt at constant pressure changing with polymer temperature on fiber diameter are studied. The power - law model is introduced as the constitutive equation. The influences of polymer volume flow rate, initial polymer temperature, initial air velocity and initial air temperature on fiber diameter are discussed.展开更多
文摘结合空气质量监测站小时监测数据、NECP资料、卫星遥感资料,分析了2017年5月3—5日华北地区一次典型沙尘重污染天气过程.结果表明,此次重污染过程主要由前期的浮尘和后期的扬沙天气造成.前期,蒙古气旋强烈发展将沙尘源地的沙尘抽吸到空中并在偏西风作用下,长距离传输到华北地区沉降,造成大范围浮尘天气,多个城市出现严重污染,PM_(10)浓度增高显著.后期,随着高空横槽转竖并东移,受强冷锋影响,京津等地出现大风扬沙天气,大风过后,空气质量转好,PM_(10)浓度降低至较低水平.起沙源地高空辐散、近地面辐合产生强烈的上升运动将沙尘带到空中并向东传输至华北上空,近地面处于弱辐散场,高空的沙尘缓慢下沉,形成了浮尘天气;高空槽东移,高空辐合,近地面辐散,700 h Pa至近地面为强烈下沉运动,是形成此次扬沙天气的主要原因.结合天气形势分析和特征量诊断,给出了华北地区此次浮尘和扬沙天气的天气学概念模型.
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51975265,31960366)the Key Grant Project of Yunnan Province(2018ZC001-3,2018ZC001-4,2018ZC001-5)the Yunnan Province University Engineering Research Center Construction Plan Project.
文摘Panax notoginseng is grown mainly in Yunnan Province.Under the present high-density planting patterns for the plant,to solve the problems of a high rate of seed damage and the inability to use a traditional single air-blowing metering device,this paper designs a six-row air-blowing centralized precision seed-metering device for P.notoginseng to realize mechanized precision seeding of this species.This paper describes the working principle of the seed-metering device,and the main structural parameters are determined by combining theoretical calculations with simulation analysis.A mechanics model of the seed filling,cleaning and pressing processes of the seed-metering device was constructed.The seeds of P.notoginseng in Yunnan Province were selected as experimental subjects.An experimental study on the seed-metering performance of the seed-metering device was carried out using the quadratic rotation orthogonal combination test method.The outlet pressure of the air nozzle,forward velocity and cone angle of the hole were selected as test factors.Mathematical models of the grain spacing qualified index,miss index,multiple index and the coefficient of variation of the row displacement consistency were established to analyze the order of factors affecting indicators.Through parameter optimization,the optimum combination of parameters was determined as follows:the cone angle of the hole is 50°,the forward velocity is less than 0.73 m/s,and the outlet pressure of the air nozzle is 0.32-0.52 kPa.The qualified index of grain spacing is higher than 94%,the miss index is less than 3%,the multiple index is less than 5%,and the coefficient of variation of the row displacement consistency is less than 5%.The test results are essentially consistent with the optimization results.The metering device meets the requirements of precision seeding of P.notoginseng.This study provides a basis for the design of a six-row air-blowing centralized precision seed-metering device for P.notoginseng.
文摘The one dimensional mathematical model of the air drag in melt blowing process, which had been put forward by Uyttendaele and Shambaugh is improved. The influence of the density and the specific heat capacity of polymer melt at constant pressure changing with polymer temperature on fiber diameter are studied. The power - law model is introduced as the constitutive equation. The influences of polymer volume flow rate, initial polymer temperature, initial air velocity and initial air temperature on fiber diameter are discussed.
