目的探讨血糖控制不佳的超重或肥胖2型糖尿病患者加用吡格列酮二甲双胍或基础胰岛素的疗效,以及两者对患者其他代谢指标的影响。方法纳入血糖控制不佳的超重或肥胖2型糖尿病患者153例,随机分为两组:吡格列酮二甲双胍组(77例)和基础胰岛...目的探讨血糖控制不佳的超重或肥胖2型糖尿病患者加用吡格列酮二甲双胍或基础胰岛素的疗效,以及两者对患者其他代谢指标的影响。方法纳入血糖控制不佳的超重或肥胖2型糖尿病患者153例,随机分为两组:吡格列酮二甲双胍组(77例)和基础胰岛素组(76例),分别在原有治疗药物的基础上加用吡格列酮二甲双胍或甘精胰岛素治疗6个月。观察并记录基线时和治疗3个月、6个月时患者的糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、空腹胰岛素、餐后2 h胰岛素、空腹C肽、餐后2 h C肽,以及体质量指数(BMI)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、肝脂肪变性情况[用受控衰减参数(CAP)值表示]。结果基线时两组患者的性别、年龄、BMI、HbA1c、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、空腹胰岛素、餐后2 h胰岛素、空腹C肽、餐后2 h C肽、TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、CAP值、基础疾病和用药情况的差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。治疗3个月、6个月时,两组患者HbA1c、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖均较基线时下降(P均<0.01),但两组间差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。在治疗3个月、6个月时,吡格列酮二甲双胍组空腹胰岛素、BMI、CAP值均低于基础胰岛素组(P<0.05、P<0.01)。经过6个月的治疗,吡格列酮二甲双胍组和基础胰岛素组血脂变化均不明显。结论对于血糖控制不佳的超重或肥胖的2型糖尿病患者,加用吡格列酮二甲双胍能达到与基础胰岛素相似的降糖效果,但加用吡格列酮二甲双胍的患者在体质量、高胰岛素血症及肝脂肪变性方面改善更明显。展开更多
Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the chronic effects of a 12-week recreational soccer program(RSP)on resting metabolic rate(RMR)in adolescents with obesity.Methods Eighteen adolescents with obes...Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the chronic effects of a 12-week recreational soccer program(RSP)on resting metabolic rate(RMR)in adolescents with obesity.Methods Eighteen adolescents with obesity were assigned to RSP[n=10,age=13.8±1.5 years,body mass index(BMI)=30.7±5 kg/m^(2)]and control(n=8,age=14.9±1.4 years,BMI=32.5±4.1 kg/m^(2))groups.Participants underwent anthropometric,body composition,cardiorespiratory fitness and RMR assessments at baseline and post-intervention.The 12-week RSP consisted of small-sided games with 60-min performed 3 times per week.Results Post-intervention,between-group differences due to RSP emerged for body mass(Δ:−15.1 kg,P=0.043),BMI(Δ:−4.7 kg,P=0.05),waist and hip circumferences(Δ:−14.6 and−16.6 cm,P=0.015 and P=0.017,respectively),fat mass(Δ:−8.7 kg,P=0.049)and VO2max(Δ:5.5 mL/kg/min,P=0.013).No significant differences were detected for the absolute and adjusted RMR for fat mass and fat-free mass at baseline and after 12 weeks for both RSP and control groups,although a marked downward trend of 27.6%for adjusted RMR was observed post-control(1915 vs.1386 kcal/day;Δ:−529 kcal/day).Conclusion A 12-week RSP was effective for improving anthropometric,body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness health markers in adolescents with obesity,but not for RMR.展开更多
The study is based on the results of the integrated measurement of the energy expenditure at rest and common activity in birds belonging to various systematic groups. Homeothermy has formed in birds and mammals indepe...The study is based on the results of the integrated measurement of the energy expenditure at rest and common activity in birds belonging to various systematic groups. Homeothermy has formed in birds and mammals independently and in different geological ages. However, in both groups it originated as a side effect of selection for aerobic metabolism improvement that provided a higher level of activity. Advantages of having high and stable body temperature, which were inevitably related with metabolism intensification, led to development of thermoregulatory adaptations such as fur and feathers. This made it possible to retain the metabolically generated heat and reduce heat absorption in hot environments. Emergence of homeothermy with aerobic supply of motion activity, possibilities to regulate the level of metabolism and thermal conductance, has opened a lot of opportunities for homoeothermic animals. Achieving such a level of energy utilization allowed them to maintain activity for a longer time, while its sensory support led to complication and diversification of birds’ behavioral repertoire (as well as that of mammals) facilitating the conquest of almost entire part of the biosphere that was suitable for living. This process was favored by the development of nurturing and passing on the information, collected throughout the life, to new generations. Formation of high levels of aerobic metabolism in birds and mammals was proceeding in parallel among different groups of reptilian ancestors. The level of homeothermy, at which aerobic metabolism was able to maintain prolonged activity, developed in birds and mammals in different ways: they had got dissimilar partitioning of venous and arterial networks, erythrocytes with or without a cell nucleus, different lungs design—but, at that, similar minimum metabolic power and rather close body temperatures which corresponded well to the environmental conditions on the Earth. Natural selection allowed animals with high energetic metabolism to increase their diversity an展开更多
文摘目的探讨血糖控制不佳的超重或肥胖2型糖尿病患者加用吡格列酮二甲双胍或基础胰岛素的疗效,以及两者对患者其他代谢指标的影响。方法纳入血糖控制不佳的超重或肥胖2型糖尿病患者153例,随机分为两组:吡格列酮二甲双胍组(77例)和基础胰岛素组(76例),分别在原有治疗药物的基础上加用吡格列酮二甲双胍或甘精胰岛素治疗6个月。观察并记录基线时和治疗3个月、6个月时患者的糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、空腹胰岛素、餐后2 h胰岛素、空腹C肽、餐后2 h C肽,以及体质量指数(BMI)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、肝脂肪变性情况[用受控衰减参数(CAP)值表示]。结果基线时两组患者的性别、年龄、BMI、HbA1c、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、空腹胰岛素、餐后2 h胰岛素、空腹C肽、餐后2 h C肽、TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、CAP值、基础疾病和用药情况的差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。治疗3个月、6个月时,两组患者HbA1c、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖均较基线时下降(P均<0.01),但两组间差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。在治疗3个月、6个月时,吡格列酮二甲双胍组空腹胰岛素、BMI、CAP值均低于基础胰岛素组(P<0.05、P<0.01)。经过6个月的治疗,吡格列酮二甲双胍组和基础胰岛素组血脂变化均不明显。结论对于血糖控制不佳的超重或肥胖的2型糖尿病患者,加用吡格列酮二甲双胍能达到与基础胰岛素相似的降糖效果,但加用吡格列酮二甲双胍的患者在体质量、高胰岛素血症及肝脂肪变性方面改善更明显。
基金the Carlos Chagas Filho Foundation for the Research Support in Rio de Janeiro(FAPERJ,E-26/202.705/2019,recipient FC).
文摘Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the chronic effects of a 12-week recreational soccer program(RSP)on resting metabolic rate(RMR)in adolescents with obesity.Methods Eighteen adolescents with obesity were assigned to RSP[n=10,age=13.8±1.5 years,body mass index(BMI)=30.7±5 kg/m^(2)]and control(n=8,age=14.9±1.4 years,BMI=32.5±4.1 kg/m^(2))groups.Participants underwent anthropometric,body composition,cardiorespiratory fitness and RMR assessments at baseline and post-intervention.The 12-week RSP consisted of small-sided games with 60-min performed 3 times per week.Results Post-intervention,between-group differences due to RSP emerged for body mass(Δ:−15.1 kg,P=0.043),BMI(Δ:−4.7 kg,P=0.05),waist and hip circumferences(Δ:−14.6 and−16.6 cm,P=0.015 and P=0.017,respectively),fat mass(Δ:−8.7 kg,P=0.049)and VO2max(Δ:5.5 mL/kg/min,P=0.013).No significant differences were detected for the absolute and adjusted RMR for fat mass and fat-free mass at baseline and after 12 weeks for both RSP and control groups,although a marked downward trend of 27.6%for adjusted RMR was observed post-control(1915 vs.1386 kcal/day;Δ:−529 kcal/day).Conclusion A 12-week RSP was effective for improving anthropometric,body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness health markers in adolescents with obesity,but not for RMR.
文摘The study is based on the results of the integrated measurement of the energy expenditure at rest and common activity in birds belonging to various systematic groups. Homeothermy has formed in birds and mammals independently and in different geological ages. However, in both groups it originated as a side effect of selection for aerobic metabolism improvement that provided a higher level of activity. Advantages of having high and stable body temperature, which were inevitably related with metabolism intensification, led to development of thermoregulatory adaptations such as fur and feathers. This made it possible to retain the metabolically generated heat and reduce heat absorption in hot environments. Emergence of homeothermy with aerobic supply of motion activity, possibilities to regulate the level of metabolism and thermal conductance, has opened a lot of opportunities for homoeothermic animals. Achieving such a level of energy utilization allowed them to maintain activity for a longer time, while its sensory support led to complication and diversification of birds’ behavioral repertoire (as well as that of mammals) facilitating the conquest of almost entire part of the biosphere that was suitable for living. This process was favored by the development of nurturing and passing on the information, collected throughout the life, to new generations. Formation of high levels of aerobic metabolism in birds and mammals was proceeding in parallel among different groups of reptilian ancestors. The level of homeothermy, at which aerobic metabolism was able to maintain prolonged activity, developed in birds and mammals in different ways: they had got dissimilar partitioning of venous and arterial networks, erythrocytes with or without a cell nucleus, different lungs design—but, at that, similar minimum metabolic power and rather close body temperatures which corresponded well to the environmental conditions on the Earth. Natural selection allowed animals with high energetic metabolism to increase their diversity an
