Background Diabetic wound is one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus. There are no significantly effective therapies for chronic non-healing diabetes ulcer so far. This study aimed to explore the fe...Background Diabetic wound is one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus. There are no significantly effective therapies for chronic non-healing diabetes ulcer so far. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of healing impaired wound using artificial dermis constructed with human adipose derived stem cells （ASCs） and poly（L-glutamic acid）/chitosan （PLGA/CS） scaffold in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Methods ASCs were isolated from fresh human lipoaspirates and expanded ex vivo for three passages, and then cells were seeded onto PLGNCS scaffold to form artificial dermis. Expression of VEGF and TGFI31 by ASCs presented in artificial dermis was determined. The artificial dermis was transplanted to treat the 20 mm ~ 20 mm full-thickness cutaneous wound created on the back of diabetic mice. Wound treated with scaffold alone and without treatment, and wound in normal non-diabetic mice served as control. Results Cells growing within scaffold showed great proliferation potential, depositing abundant collagen matrix. Meanwhile, expression of VEGF and TGF-131 by seeded ASCs maintained at a consistent high level. After treated with ASC based artificial dermis, diabetic wounds exhibited significantly higher healing rate compared with wounds treated with scaffold alone or without treatment. Histological examination also demonstrated an improvement in cutaneous restoration with matrix deposition and organization. Further quantitative analysis showed that there was a significant increase in dermis thickness and collagen content on artificial dermis treated wounds. Conclusion ASC/PLGA artificial dermis can effectively accelerate diabetic wound healing by promoting angiogenic growth factors and dermal collagen synthesis.展开更多
Organoid Intelligence ushers in a new era by seamlessly integrating cutting-edge organoid technology with the power of artificial intelligence.Organoids,three-dimensional miniature organ-like structures cultivated fro...Organoid Intelligence ushers in a new era by seamlessly integrating cutting-edge organoid technology with the power of artificial intelligence.Organoids,three-dimensional miniature organ-like structures cultivated from stem cells,offer an unparalleled opportunity to simulate complex human organ systems in vitro.Through the convergence of organoid technology and AI,researchers gain the means to accelerate discoveries and insights across various disciplines.Artificial intelligence algorithms enable the comprehensive analysis of intricate organoid behaviors,intricate cellular interactions,and dynamic responses to stimuli.This synergy empowers the development of predictive models,precise disease simulations,and personalized medicine approaches,revolutionizing our understanding of human development,disease mechanisms,and therapeutic interventions.Organoid Intelligence holds the promise of reshaping how we perceive in vitro modeling,propelling us toward a future where these advanced systems play a pivotal role in biomedical research and drug development.展开更多
Cancer stem cells(CSCs),or tumor-initiating cells(TICs),are cancerous cell subpopulations that remain while tumor cells propagate as a unique subset and exhibit multiple applications in several diseases.They are respo...Cancer stem cells(CSCs),or tumor-initiating cells(TICs),are cancerous cell subpopulations that remain while tumor cells propagate as a unique subset and exhibit multiple applications in several diseases.They are responsible for cancer cell initiation,development,metastasis,proliferation,and recurrence due to their self-renewal and differentiation abilities in many kinds of cells.Artificial intelligence(AI)has gained significant attention because of its vast applications in various fields including agriculture,healthcare,transportation,and robotics,particularly in detecting human diseases such as cancer.The division and metastasis of cancerous cells are not easy to identify at early stages due to their uncontrolled situations.It has provided some real-time pictures of cancer progression and relapse.The purpose of this review paper is to explore new investigations into the role of AI in cancer stem cell progression and metastasis and in regenerative medicines.It describes the association of machine learning and AI with CSCs along with its numerous applications from cancer diagnosis to therapy.This review has also provided key challenges and future directions of AI in cancer stem cell research diagnosis and therapeutic approach.展开更多
云计算、数据挖掘、学习分析和人工智能等的发展与创新,拓宽了智能学习环境的开发与应用,为推进探究式学习与问题解决的智能教育带来新的契机。文章基于彼斯沃思团队研发的STEM智能学习环境,探讨了STEM智能学习环境的设计理念与结构对...云计算、数据挖掘、学习分析和人工智能等的发展与创新,拓宽了智能学习环境的开发与应用,为推进探究式学习与问题解决的智能教育带来新的契机。文章基于彼斯沃思团队研发的STEM智能学习环境,探讨了STEM智能学习环境的设计理念与结构对学生思维和能力培养的影响;依据模型驱动机制和代理对话提供的适时反馈,探究了学生认知和元认知的发展;基于学生学习活动日志文件,采用数据提取算法挖掘学生的学习行为特征;根据捕获的学习行为数据,分析了隐含的学习参与和知识理解程度等。彼斯沃思教授系范德堡大学电子工程和计算机科学(EECS)学院的计算机科学、计算机工程和工程管理学教授,也是该校软件整合系统学院高级研究科学家,兼任智能系统中心副主任,国际期刊《IEEE关于系统、人与控制论学报》副主编、美国计算机协会(ACM)、美国人工智能协会(American Association for Artificial Intelligence,简称AAAI)和希格玛赛(Sigma Xi)学会高级成员。2014年,他荣膺美国电气电子工程师学会院士(IEEE Fellow),曾承担美国国家航空航天局(NASA)、国家科学基金会(NSF)、国防部高级研究计划局(DARPA)等项目,主要研究领域包括STEM领域智能学习环境的设计和实施、复杂嵌入系统的混合建模(Hybrid Modeling)、仿真和分析。展开更多
In vitro gametogenesis(IVG)has been a topic of great interest in recent years not only because it allows for further exploration of mechanisms of germ cell development,but also because of its prospect for innovative m...In vitro gametogenesis(IVG)has been a topic of great interest in recent years not only because it allows for further exploration of mechanisms of germ cell development,but also because of its prospect for innovative medical applications especially for the treatment of infertility.Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying gamete development in vivo has inspired scientists to attempt to recapitulate the entire process of gametogenesis in vitro.While earlier studies have established IVG methods largely using pluripotent stem cells of embryonic origin,the scarcity of sources for these cells and the ethical issues involved in their use are serious limitations to the progress of IVG research especially in humans.However,with the emergence of induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs)due to the revolutionary discovery of dedifferentiation and reprogramming factors,IVG research has progressed remarkably in the last decade.This paper extensively reviews developments in IVG using iPSCs.First,the paper presents key concepts from groundwork studies on IVG including earlier researches demonstrating that IVG methods using embryonic stem cells(ESCs)also apply when using iPSCs.Techniques for the derivation of iPSCs are briefly discussed,highlighting the importance of generating transgene-free iPSCs with a high capacity for germline transmission to improve efficacy when used for IVG.The main part of the paper discusses recent advances in IVG research using iPSCs in various stages of gametogenesis.In addition,current clinical applications of IVG are presented,and potential future applications are discussed.Although IVG is still faced with many challenges in terms of technical issues,as well as efficacy and safety,novel IVG methodologies are emerging,and IVG using iPSCs may usher in the next era of reproductive medicine sooner than expected.This raises both ethical and social concerns and calls for the scientific community to cautiously develop IVG technology to ensure it is not only efficacious but also safe and adheres to social and et展开更多
Currently,stem cell transplantations in cardiac repair are limited owing to disadvantages,such as immunological rejection and poor cell viability.Although direct injection of exosomes can have a curative effect simila...Currently,stem cell transplantations in cardiac repair are limited owing to disadvantages,such as immunological rejection and poor cell viability.Although direct injection of exosomes can have a curative effect similar to that of stem cell transplantation,high clearance hinders its application in clinical practice.Previous reports suggested that induction of coronary collateralization can be a desired method of adjunctive therapy for someone who had missed the optimal operation time to attenuate myocardial ischemia.In this study,to mimic the paracrine and biological activity of stem cells,we developed artificial stem cells that can continuously release Tβ4-exosomes(Tβ4-ASCs)by encapsulating specific exosomes within microspheres using microfluidics technology.The results show that Tβ4-ASCs can greatly promote coronary collateralization in the periphery of the myocardial infarcted area,and its therapeutic effect is superior to that of directly injecting the exosomes.In addition,to better understand how it works,we demonstrated that the Tβ4-ASC-derived exosomes can enhance the angiogenic capacity of coronary endothelial cells(CAECs)via the miR-17-5p/PHD3/Hif-1αpathway.In brief,as artificial stem cells,Tβ4-ASCs can constantly release functional exosomes and stimulate the formation of collateral circulation after myocardial infarction,providing a feasible and alternative method for clinical revascularization.展开更多
文摘Background Diabetic wound is one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus. There are no significantly effective therapies for chronic non-healing diabetes ulcer so far. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of healing impaired wound using artificial dermis constructed with human adipose derived stem cells （ASCs） and poly（L-glutamic acid）/chitosan （PLGA/CS） scaffold in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Methods ASCs were isolated from fresh human lipoaspirates and expanded ex vivo for three passages, and then cells were seeded onto PLGNCS scaffold to form artificial dermis. Expression of VEGF and TGFI31 by ASCs presented in artificial dermis was determined. The artificial dermis was transplanted to treat the 20 mm ~ 20 mm full-thickness cutaneous wound created on the back of diabetic mice. Wound treated with scaffold alone and without treatment, and wound in normal non-diabetic mice served as control. Results Cells growing within scaffold showed great proliferation potential, depositing abundant collagen matrix. Meanwhile, expression of VEGF and TGF-131 by seeded ASCs maintained at a consistent high level. After treated with ASC based artificial dermis, diabetic wounds exhibited significantly higher healing rate compared with wounds treated with scaffold alone or without treatment. Histological examination also demonstrated an improvement in cutaneous restoration with matrix deposition and organization. Further quantitative analysis showed that there was a significant increase in dermis thickness and collagen content on artificial dermis treated wounds. Conclusion ASC/PLGA artificial dermis can effectively accelerate diabetic wound healing by promoting angiogenic growth factors and dermal collagen synthesis.
基金NIH[R01HD101130,R15HD108720]NSF[CMMI-2130192,CBET-1943798]Research Seed Grants(2021 and 2023)from UNT Research and Innovation Office(H.X.Y.),Syracuse University intramural CUSE grant[II-3245-2022](Z.M.).
文摘Organoid Intelligence ushers in a new era by seamlessly integrating cutting-edge organoid technology with the power of artificial intelligence.Organoids,three-dimensional miniature organ-like structures cultivated from stem cells,offer an unparalleled opportunity to simulate complex human organ systems in vitro.Through the convergence of organoid technology and AI,researchers gain the means to accelerate discoveries and insights across various disciplines.Artificial intelligence algorithms enable the comprehensive analysis of intricate organoid behaviors,intricate cellular interactions,and dynamic responses to stimuli.This synergy empowers the development of predictive models,precise disease simulations,and personalized medicine approaches,revolutionizing our understanding of human development,disease mechanisms,and therapeutic interventions.Organoid Intelligence holds the promise of reshaping how we perceive in vitro modeling,propelling us toward a future where these advanced systems play a pivotal role in biomedical research and drug development.
文摘Cancer stem cells(CSCs),or tumor-initiating cells(TICs),are cancerous cell subpopulations that remain while tumor cells propagate as a unique subset and exhibit multiple applications in several diseases.They are responsible for cancer cell initiation,development,metastasis,proliferation,and recurrence due to their self-renewal and differentiation abilities in many kinds of cells.Artificial intelligence(AI)has gained significant attention because of its vast applications in various fields including agriculture,healthcare,transportation,and robotics,particularly in detecting human diseases such as cancer.The division and metastasis of cancerous cells are not easy to identify at early stages due to their uncontrolled situations.It has provided some real-time pictures of cancer progression and relapse.The purpose of this review paper is to explore new investigations into the role of AI in cancer stem cell progression and metastasis and in regenerative medicines.It describes the association of machine learning and AI with CSCs along with its numerous applications from cancer diagnosis to therapy.This review has also provided key challenges and future directions of AI in cancer stem cell research diagnosis and therapeutic approach.
文摘云计算、数据挖掘、学习分析和人工智能等的发展与创新,拓宽了智能学习环境的开发与应用,为推进探究式学习与问题解决的智能教育带来新的契机。文章基于彼斯沃思团队研发的STEM智能学习环境,探讨了STEM智能学习环境的设计理念与结构对学生思维和能力培养的影响;依据模型驱动机制和代理对话提供的适时反馈,探究了学生认知和元认知的发展;基于学生学习活动日志文件,采用数据提取算法挖掘学生的学习行为特征;根据捕获的学习行为数据,分析了隐含的学习参与和知识理解程度等。彼斯沃思教授系范德堡大学电子工程和计算机科学(EECS)学院的计算机科学、计算机工程和工程管理学教授,也是该校软件整合系统学院高级研究科学家,兼任智能系统中心副主任,国际期刊《IEEE关于系统、人与控制论学报》副主编、美国计算机协会(ACM)、美国人工智能协会(American Association for Artificial Intelligence,简称AAAI)和希格玛赛(Sigma Xi)学会高级成员。2014年,他荣膺美国电气电子工程师学会院士(IEEE Fellow),曾承担美国国家航空航天局(NASA)、国家科学基金会(NSF)、国防部高级研究计划局(DARPA)等项目,主要研究领域包括STEM领域智能学习环境的设计和实施、复杂嵌入系统的混合建模(Hybrid Modeling)、仿真和分析。
基金supported by an academic grant from Repro Optima Center for Reproductive Health,Inc.
文摘In vitro gametogenesis(IVG)has been a topic of great interest in recent years not only because it allows for further exploration of mechanisms of germ cell development,but also because of its prospect for innovative medical applications especially for the treatment of infertility.Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying gamete development in vivo has inspired scientists to attempt to recapitulate the entire process of gametogenesis in vitro.While earlier studies have established IVG methods largely using pluripotent stem cells of embryonic origin,the scarcity of sources for these cells and the ethical issues involved in their use are serious limitations to the progress of IVG research especially in humans.However,with the emergence of induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs)due to the revolutionary discovery of dedifferentiation and reprogramming factors,IVG research has progressed remarkably in the last decade.This paper extensively reviews developments in IVG using iPSCs.First,the paper presents key concepts from groundwork studies on IVG including earlier researches demonstrating that IVG methods using embryonic stem cells(ESCs)also apply when using iPSCs.Techniques for the derivation of iPSCs are briefly discussed,highlighting the importance of generating transgene-free iPSCs with a high capacity for germline transmission to improve efficacy when used for IVG.The main part of the paper discusses recent advances in IVG research using iPSCs in various stages of gametogenesis.In addition,current clinical applications of IVG are presented,and potential future applications are discussed.Although IVG is still faced with many challenges in terms of technical issues,as well as efficacy and safety,novel IVG methodologies are emerging,and IVG using iPSCs may usher in the next era of reproductive medicine sooner than expected.This raises both ethical and social concerns and calls for the scientific community to cautiously develop IVG technology to ensure it is not only efficacious but also safe and adheres to social and et
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81971765,31771060,31671025,81871504,32171355 and 82172103).
文摘Currently,stem cell transplantations in cardiac repair are limited owing to disadvantages,such as immunological rejection and poor cell viability.Although direct injection of exosomes can have a curative effect similar to that of stem cell transplantation,high clearance hinders its application in clinical practice.Previous reports suggested that induction of coronary collateralization can be a desired method of adjunctive therapy for someone who had missed the optimal operation time to attenuate myocardial ischemia.In this study,to mimic the paracrine and biological activity of stem cells,we developed artificial stem cells that can continuously release Tβ4-exosomes(Tβ4-ASCs)by encapsulating specific exosomes within microspheres using microfluidics technology.The results show that Tβ4-ASCs can greatly promote coronary collateralization in the periphery of the myocardial infarcted area,and its therapeutic effect is superior to that of directly injecting the exosomes.In addition,to better understand how it works,we demonstrated that the Tβ4-ASC-derived exosomes can enhance the angiogenic capacity of coronary endothelial cells(CAECs)via the miR-17-5p/PHD3/Hif-1αpathway.In brief,as artificial stem cells,Tβ4-ASCs can constantly release functional exosomes and stimulate the formation of collateral circulation after myocardial infarction,providing a feasible and alternative method for clinical revascularization.
