针对便携式可穿戴移动设备的低功耗要求,提出了一种超低功耗逐次逼近型(SAR)模数转换器(ADC)。所提出的SAR ADC在数模转换器(DAC)电容阵列中设计了改进型电容拆分电路来降低系统的功耗和面积;并采用双尾电流型动态比较器架构降低比较器...针对便携式可穿戴移动设备的低功耗要求,提出了一种超低功耗逐次逼近型(SAR)模数转换器(ADC)。所提出的SAR ADC在数模转换器(DAC)电容阵列中设计了改进型电容拆分电路来降低系统的功耗和面积;并采用双尾电流型动态比较器架构降低比较器功耗。采用0.18μm CMOS工艺对所提出的SAR ADC进行设计并流片。测试结果表明在1.8 V供电电压,采样率为50 k Hz的条件下,其有效位数为9.083位,功耗仅为1.5μW,优值55.3 f J,所设计的ADC适合于可穿戴式设备的低功耗应用。展开更多
A 14-bit successive approximation analog-to-digital converter (SAR ADC) with capacitive calibration has been designed based on the SMIC. 18 μm CMOS process. The overall architecture is in fully differential form to e...A 14-bit successive approximation analog-to-digital converter (SAR ADC) with capacitive calibration has been designed based on the SMIC. 18 μm CMOS process. The overall architecture is in fully differential form to eliminate the effect caused by common mode noise. Meanwhile, the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is a two-stage structure, which can greatly reduce the area of the capacitor array compared with the traditional DAC structure. The capacitance calibration module is mainly divided into the mismatch voltage acquisition phase and the calibration code backfill phase, which effectively reduces the impact of the DAC mismatch on the accuracy of the SAR ADC. The design of this paper is based on cadence platform simulation verification, simulation results show that when the sampling rate is 1 MS/s, the power supply voltage is 5 V and the reference voltage is 4.096 V, the effective number of bits (ENOB) of the ADC is 13.49 bit, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is 83.3 dB.展开更多
This paper proposes an 8 bit asynchronous successive approximation register ADC for wireless transceivers. A split capacitor DAC is used to reduce power and area consumption and the value of the split capacitor is cal...This paper proposes an 8 bit asynchronous successive approximation register ADC for wireless transceivers. A split capacitor DAC is used to reduce power and area consumption and the value of the split capacitor is calculated theoretically to ensure linearity. Asynchronous control logic is proposed to eliminate the high internal clocks and significantly speeds up the successive approximation algorithm. An on-chip reference with a fully integrated buffer and decoupling capacitor is adopted for avoiding an extra pin for the off-chip reference. The prototype, fabricated in UMC 0.18 um CMOS technology, achieves an effective number of bits of 7.64 bits at a sampling frequency of 12 MS/s. The total power consumption is 0.918 mW for a 1.8 V supply, while the onchip reference consumes 53% of the total power. It achieves a figure of merit of 180 fJ/conv-step, excluding the reference＇s power consumption.展开更多
An area-efficient CMOS 1-MS/s 10-bit charge-redistribution SAR ADC for battery voltage measure- ment in a SoC chip is proposed. A new DAC architecture presents the benefits of a low power approach without applying the...An area-efficient CMOS 1-MS/s 10-bit charge-redistribution SAR ADC for battery voltage measure- ment in a SoC chip is proposed. A new DAC architecture presents the benefits of a low power approach without applying the common mode voltage. The threshold inverter quantizer （TIQ）-based CMOS Inverter is used as a comparator in the ADC to avoid static power consumption which is attractive in battery-supply application. Sixteen level-up shifters aim at converting the ultra low core voltage control signals to the higher voltage level analog circuit in a 55 nm CMOS process. The whole ADC power consumption is 2.5 mW with a maximum input capaci- tance of 12 pF in the sampling mode. The active area of the proposed ADC is 0.0462 mm2 and it achieves the SFDR and ENOB of 65.6917 dB and 9.8726 bits respectively with an input frequency of 200 kHz at 1 MS/s sampling rate.展开更多
Thispaperpresentsasingle-ended8-channel 10-bit200kS/s 607 #W synchronous successiveapproxi- mation register （SAR） analog-to-digital converter （ADC） using HLMC 55 nm low leakage （LL） CMOS technology with a 3.3 V/...Thispaperpresentsasingle-ended8-channel 10-bit200kS/s 607 #W synchronous successiveapproxi- mation register （SAR） analog-to-digital converter （ADC） using HLMC 55 nm low leakage （LL） CMOS technology with a 3.3 V/1.2 V supply voltage. In conventional binary-encoded SAR ADCs the total capacitance grows expo- nentially with resolution. In this paper a CR hybrid DAC is adopted to reduce both capacitance and core area. The capacitor array resolves 4 bits and the other 6 bits are resolved by the resistor array. The 10-bit data is acquired by thermometer encoding to reduce the probability of DNL errors which are typically present in binary weighted architectures. This paper uses an auto-zeroing offset cancellation technique that can reduce the offset to 0.286 mV. The prototype chip realized the 10-bit SAR ADC fabricated in HLMC 55 nm CMOS technology with a core area of 167 × 87 μm2. It shows a sampling rate of 200 kS/s and low power dissipation of 607/μW operates at a 3.3 V analog supply voltage and a 1.2 V digital supply voltage. At the input frequency of 10 kHz the signal-to-noise-and- distortion ratio （SNDR） is 60.1 dB and the spurious-free dynamic range （SFDR） is 68.1 dB. The measured DNL is ±0.37/-0.06 LSB and INL is ±0.58/-0.22 LSB.展开更多
With the continuous development of science and technology, digital signal processing is more and more widely used in various fields. Among them, the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is one of the key components to co...With the continuous development of science and technology, digital signal processing is more and more widely used in various fields. Among them, the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is one of the key components to convert analog signals to digital signals. As a common type of ADC, 12-bit sequential approximation analog-to-digital converter (SAR ADC) has attracted extensive attention for its performance and application. This paper aims to conduct in-depth research and analysis of 12-bit SAR ADC to meet the growing demands of digital signal processing. This article designs a 12-bit, successive approximation analog-to-digital converter (SAR ADC) with a sampling rate of 5 MS/s. The overall circuit adopts a fully differential structure, with key modules including DAC capacitor array, comparator, and control logic. According to the DAC circuit in this paper, a fully differential capacitor DAC array structure is proposed to reduce the area of layout DAC. The comparator uses a digital dynamic comparator to improve the ADC conversion speed. The chip is designed based on the SMIC180 nm CMOS process. The simulation results show that when the sampling rate is 5 MS/s, the effective bit of SAR ADC is 11.92 bit, the SNR is 74.62 dB, and the SFDR is 89.24 dB.展开更多
This paper makes a review of state-of-the- arts designs of successive-approximation register analog-to-digital converters （SAR ADCs）. Methods and technique specifications are collected in view of innovative ideas. A...This paper makes a review of state-of-the- arts designs of successive-approximation register analog-to-digital converters （SAR ADCs）. Methods and technique specifications are collected in view of innovative ideas. At the end of this paper, a design example is given to illustrate the procedure to design an SAR ADC. A new method, which extends the width of the internal clock, is also proposed to facilitate different sampling frequencies, which provides more time for the digital-to-analog convert （DAC） and comparator to settle. The 10 bit ADC is simulated in 0.13 μm CMOS process technology. The signal-to-noise and distortion ratio （SNDR） is 54.41 dB at a 10 MHz input with a 50 MS/s sampling rate, and the power is 330 μW.展开更多
This paper presents a differential successive approximation register analog-to-digital converter（SAR ADC） with a novel time-domain comparator design for wireless sensor networks.The prototype chip has been implement...This paper presents a differential successive approximation register analog-to-digital converter（SAR ADC） with a novel time-domain comparator design for wireless sensor networks.The prototype chip has been implemented in the UMC 0.18-μm 1P6M CMOS process.The proposed ADC achieves a peak ENOB of 7.98 at an input frequency of 39.7 kHz and sampling rate of 180 kHz.With the Nyquist input frequency,68.49-dB SFDR,7.97-ENOB is achieved.A simple quadrate layout is adopted to ease the routing complexity of the common-centroid symmetry layout.The ADC maintains a maximum differential nonlinearity of less than 0.08 LSB and integral nonlinearity less than 0.34 LSB by this type of layout.展开更多
A 10 or 12 bit programmable successive approximation register（SAR） ADC incorporating improved time-domain comparator for bridge stress monitoring systems is presented.Techniques for improving the accuracy of time-do...A 10 or 12 bit programmable successive approximation register（SAR） ADC incorporating improved time-domain comparator for bridge stress monitoring systems is presented.Techniques for improving the accuracy of time-domain comparator are presented.The application of these approaches is illustrated using results from an experimental 10 or 12 bit programmable SAR ADC.Prototyped in a 0.18-m,6M1P CMOS process,the ADC,at 12 bit,100 kS/s,achieves a Nyquist signal-to-noise-plus-distortion ratio（SNDR） of 68 dB（11 ENOB）,a spurious free dynamic range（SFDR） of 77.48 dB,while dissipating 558 W from a 1.8-V supply.Its differential nonlinearity（DNL） and integral nonlinearity（INL） are 0.2/-0.74 LSB and C1.27/-0.97 LSB,respectively.展开更多
In a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter （TI ADC）, several individual ADCs operate in parallel to achieve a higher sampling rate. Low power consumption as well as good linearity can be obtained by applying ...In a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter （TI ADC）, several individual ADCs operate in parallel to achieve a higher sampling rate. Low power consumption as well as good linearity can be obtained by applying successive approximation register （SAR） converters as sub-channel ADCs. In spite of the advantages, this structure suffers from three mismatches, which are offset mismatch, gain mismatch, and time skew. This paper focuses on a TI SAR ADC with a number of channels. The mismatch effects in the frequency domain are analyzed and the derived close form formulas are verified based on Matlab. In addition, we clarify that the standard deviation of DNL and INL of an M-channel TI ADC is reduced by a factor of ~ compared to a single channel ADC. The formulas can be used to derive the corresponding requirements when designing a TI ADC. Our analysis process is able to inform the study of calibration algorithms.展开更多
An energy-efficient and highly linear capacitor switching procedure for successive approximation regis- ter （SAR） ADCs is presented. The proposed switching procedure achieves 37% less switching energy when compared ...An energy-efficient and highly linear capacitor switching procedure for successive approximation regis- ter （SAR） ADCs is presented. The proposed switching procedure achieves 37% less switching energy when compared to the well-known VcM-based switching scheme. Moreover, the proposed method shows better linearity than the VcM-based one. The proposed switching procedure is applied to a 10-bit 1.0 V 300 kS/s SAR ADC implemented in 0.18μm standard CMOS. The measured results show the SAR ADC achieves an SNDR of 55.48 dB, SFDR of 66.98 dB, and consumes 2.13 μW at a 1.0 V power supply, resulting in a figure-of-merit of 14.66 fJ/conversion- step. The measured peak DNL and 1NL are 0.52/-0.47 LSB and 0.72/-0.79 LSB, respectively, and the peak INL 1 is observed at 4^-1 VFS and 4^-3 VFS, the same as the static nonlinearity model.展开更多
This paper proposes a single channel, 6-bit 230-MS/s asynchronous successive approximation register analog-to-digital converter （ADC） in an SMIC 65 nm CMOS technology. Through adopting the modified 2 bits/stage asyn...This paper proposes a single channel, 6-bit 230-MS/s asynchronous successive approximation register analog-to-digital converter （ADC） in an SMIC 65 nm CMOS technology. Through adopting the modified 2 bits/stage asynchronous control logic, the presented ADC actualizes a peak 40.90-dB spurious-free dynamic range and 29.05-dB signal-to-noise and distortion ratio at 230-MS/s sampling rate. Utilizing the dynamic comparator without the preamplifier, this work attains low-power design with only 0.93 mW power consumption and accomplishes a figure of merit of 174.67 fJ/step at 1 V supply voltage.展开更多
文摘针对便携式可穿戴移动设备的低功耗要求,提出了一种超低功耗逐次逼近型(SAR)模数转换器(ADC)。所提出的SAR ADC在数模转换器(DAC)电容阵列中设计了改进型电容拆分电路来降低系统的功耗和面积;并采用双尾电流型动态比较器架构降低比较器功耗。采用0.18μm CMOS工艺对所提出的SAR ADC进行设计并流片。测试结果表明在1.8 V供电电压,采样率为50 k Hz的条件下,其有效位数为9.083位,功耗仅为1.5μW,优值55.3 f J,所设计的ADC适合于可穿戴式设备的低功耗应用。
文摘A 14-bit successive approximation analog-to-digital converter (SAR ADC) with capacitive calibration has been designed based on the SMIC. 18 μm CMOS process. The overall architecture is in fully differential form to eliminate the effect caused by common mode noise. Meanwhile, the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is a two-stage structure, which can greatly reduce the area of the capacitor array compared with the traditional DAC structure. The capacitance calibration module is mainly divided into the mismatch voltage acquisition phase and the calibration code backfill phase, which effectively reduces the impact of the DAC mismatch on the accuracy of the SAR ADC. The design of this paper is based on cadence platform simulation verification, simulation results show that when the sampling rate is 1 MS/s, the power supply voltage is 5 V and the reference voltage is 4.096 V, the effective number of bits (ENOB) of the ADC is 13.49 bit, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is 83.3 dB.
基金Project supported by the Major National Science & Technology Program of China(No.2010ZX03001-004-02)
文摘This paper proposes an 8 bit asynchronous successive approximation register ADC for wireless transceivers. A split capacitor DAC is used to reduce power and area consumption and the value of the split capacitor is calculated theoretically to ensure linearity. Asynchronous control logic is proposed to eliminate the high internal clocks and significantly speeds up the successive approximation algorithm. An on-chip reference with a fully integrated buffer and decoupling capacitor is adopted for avoiding an extra pin for the off-chip reference. The prototype, fabricated in UMC 0.18 um CMOS technology, achieves an effective number of bits of 7.64 bits at a sampling frequency of 12 MS/s. The total power consumption is 0.918 mW for a 1.8 V supply, while the onchip reference consumes 53% of the total power. It achieves a figure of merit of 180 fJ/conv-step, excluding the reference＇s power consumption.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60736030)the Research Program of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai(No.11110707100)the National 02 Key Special Program of China(No.2009ZX02305-005)
文摘An area-efficient CMOS 1-MS/s 10-bit charge-redistribution SAR ADC for battery voltage measure- ment in a SoC chip is proposed. A new DAC architecture presents the benefits of a low power approach without applying the common mode voltage. The threshold inverter quantizer （TIQ）-based CMOS Inverter is used as a comparator in the ADC to avoid static power consumption which is attractive in battery-supply application. Sixteen level-up shifters aim at converting the ultra low core voltage control signals to the higher voltage level analog circuit in a 55 nm CMOS process. The whole ADC power consumption is 2.5 mW with a maximum input capaci- tance of 12 pF in the sampling mode. The active area of the proposed ADC is 0.0462 mm2 and it achieves the SFDR and ENOB of 65.6917 dB and 9.8726 bits respectively with an input frequency of 200 kHz at 1 MS/s sampling rate.
基金Project supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program of China(No.2012BAI13B07)the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2012ZX03001020-003)
文摘Thispaperpresentsasingle-ended8-channel 10-bit200kS/s 607 #W synchronous successiveapproxi- mation register （SAR） analog-to-digital converter （ADC） using HLMC 55 nm low leakage （LL） CMOS technology with a 3.3 V/1.2 V supply voltage. In conventional binary-encoded SAR ADCs the total capacitance grows expo- nentially with resolution. In this paper a CR hybrid DAC is adopted to reduce both capacitance and core area. The capacitor array resolves 4 bits and the other 6 bits are resolved by the resistor array. The 10-bit data is acquired by thermometer encoding to reduce the probability of DNL errors which are typically present in binary weighted architectures. This paper uses an auto-zeroing offset cancellation technique that can reduce the offset to 0.286 mV. The prototype chip realized the 10-bit SAR ADC fabricated in HLMC 55 nm CMOS technology with a core area of 167 × 87 μm2. It shows a sampling rate of 200 kS/s and low power dissipation of 607/μW operates at a 3.3 V analog supply voltage and a 1.2 V digital supply voltage. At the input frequency of 10 kHz the signal-to-noise-and- distortion ratio （SNDR） is 60.1 dB and the spurious-free dynamic range （SFDR） is 68.1 dB. The measured DNL is ±0.37/-0.06 LSB and INL is ±0.58/-0.22 LSB.
文摘With the continuous development of science and technology, digital signal processing is more and more widely used in various fields. Among them, the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is one of the key components to convert analog signals to digital signals. As a common type of ADC, 12-bit sequential approximation analog-to-digital converter (SAR ADC) has attracted extensive attention for its performance and application. This paper aims to conduct in-depth research and analysis of 12-bit SAR ADC to meet the growing demands of digital signal processing. This article designs a 12-bit, successive approximation analog-to-digital converter (SAR ADC) with a sampling rate of 5 MS/s. The overall circuit adopts a fully differential structure, with key modules including DAC capacitor array, comparator, and control logic. According to the DAC circuit in this paper, a fully differential capacitor DAC array structure is proposed to reduce the area of layout DAC. The comparator uses a digital dynamic comparator to improve the ADC conversion speed. The chip is designed based on the SMIC180 nm CMOS process. The simulation results show that when the sampling rate is 5 MS/s, the effective bit of SAR ADC is 11.92 bit, the SNR is 74.62 dB, and the SFDR is 89.24 dB.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61006027the New Century Excellent Talents Program of the Ministry of Education of China under Grant No.NCET-10-0297the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities under Grant No.ZYGX2012J003
文摘This paper makes a review of state-of-the- arts designs of successive-approximation register analog-to-digital converters （SAR ADCs）. Methods and technique specifications are collected in view of innovative ideas. At the end of this paper, a design example is given to illustrate the procedure to design an SAR ADC. A new method, which extends the width of the internal clock, is also proposed to facilitate different sampling frequencies, which provides more time for the digital-to-analog convert （DAC） and comparator to settle. The 10 bit ADC is simulated in 0.13 μm CMOS process technology. The signal-to-noise and distortion ratio （SNDR） is 54.41 dB at a 10 MHz input with a 50 MS/s sampling rate, and the power is 330 μW.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60976032)
文摘This paper presents a differential successive approximation register analog-to-digital converter（SAR ADC） with a novel time-domain comparator design for wireless sensor networks.The prototype chip has been implemented in the UMC 0.18-μm 1P6M CMOS process.The proposed ADC achieves a peak ENOB of 7.98 at an input frequency of 39.7 kHz and sampling rate of 180 kHz.With the Nyquist input frequency,68.49-dB SFDR,7.97-ENOB is achieved.A simple quadrate layout is adopted to ease the routing complexity of the common-centroid symmetry layout.The ADC maintains a maximum differential nonlinearity of less than 0.08 LSB and integral nonlinearity less than 0.34 LSB by this type of layout.
基金Project supported by the PhD Programs Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China (No.20111011315)the National Science and Technology Important Project of China (No.2010ZX03006-003-01)
文摘A 10 or 12 bit programmable successive approximation register（SAR） ADC incorporating improved time-domain comparator for bridge stress monitoring systems is presented.Techniques for improving the accuracy of time-domain comparator are presented.The application of these approaches is illustrated using results from an experimental 10 or 12 bit programmable SAR ADC.Prototyped in a 0.18-m,6M1P CMOS process,the ADC,at 12 bit,100 kS/s,achieves a Nyquist signal-to-noise-plus-distortion ratio（SNDR） of 68 dB（11 ENOB）,a spurious free dynamic range（SFDR） of 77.48 dB,while dissipating 558 W from a 1.8-V supply.Its differential nonlinearity（DNL） and integral nonlinearity（INL） are 0.2/-0.74 LSB and C1.27/-0.97 LSB,respectively.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61234002,61322405,61306044,61376033)the National High-Tech Program of China(No.2013AA014103)
文摘In a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter （TI ADC）, several individual ADCs operate in parallel to achieve a higher sampling rate. Low power consumption as well as good linearity can be obtained by applying successive approximation register （SAR） converters as sub-channel ADCs. In spite of the advantages, this structure suffers from three mismatches, which are offset mismatch, gain mismatch, and time skew. This paper focuses on a TI SAR ADC with a number of channels. The mismatch effects in the frequency domain are analyzed and the derived close form formulas are verified based on Matlab. In addition, we clarify that the standard deviation of DNL and INL of an M-channel TI ADC is reduced by a factor of ~ compared to a single channel ADC. The formulas can be used to derive the corresponding requirements when designing a TI ADC. Our analysis process is able to inform the study of calibration algorithms.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61234002,61322405,61306044,61376033)the National High-Tech Program of China(Nos.2012AA012302,2013AA014103)
文摘An energy-efficient and highly linear capacitor switching procedure for successive approximation regis- ter （SAR） ADCs is presented. The proposed switching procedure achieves 37% less switching energy when compared to the well-known VcM-based switching scheme. Moreover, the proposed method shows better linearity than the VcM-based one. The proposed switching procedure is applied to a 10-bit 1.0 V 300 kS/s SAR ADC implemented in 0.18μm standard CMOS. The measured results show the SAR ADC achieves an SNDR of 55.48 dB, SFDR of 66.98 dB, and consumes 2.13 μW at a 1.0 V power supply, resulting in a figure-of-merit of 14.66 fJ/conversion- step. The measured peak DNL and 1NL are 0.52/-0.47 LSB and 0.72/-0.79 LSB, respectively, and the peak INL 1 is observed at 4^-1 VFS and 4^-3 VFS, the same as the static nonlinearity model.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China(No.61306029)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2013AA014103)
文摘This paper proposes a single channel, 6-bit 230-MS/s asynchronous successive approximation register analog-to-digital converter （ADC） in an SMIC 65 nm CMOS technology. Through adopting the modified 2 bits/stage asynchronous control logic, the presented ADC actualizes a peak 40.90-dB spurious-free dynamic range and 29.05-dB signal-to-noise and distortion ratio at 230-MS/s sampling rate. Utilizing the dynamic comparator without the preamplifier, this work attains low-power design with only 0.93 mW power consumption and accomplishes a figure of merit of 174.67 fJ/step at 1 V supply voltage.
