In this study, Artemisia biennis was seeded in a greenhouse and raised to an average plant height of 100 cm. Aboveground plant portions were harvested and partitioned into leaves and stems, and dried;while roots were ...In this study, Artemisia biennis was seeded in a greenhouse and raised to an average plant height of 100 cm. Aboveground plant portions were harvested and partitioned into leaves and stems, and dried;while roots were either removed from some soil (soil – roots) or left in soil (soil + roots). Greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate the allelopathic potential of A. biennis leaves, roots, and stems;and soil – roots, and soil + roots on Solanum melanocerasum plant height and fresh weight plant–1. When 5 g of root and stem biomass were added to soil, S. melanocerasum plant height and fresh weight plant–1 was reduced by 75 and 88%, respectively. In contrast, 5 g of leaf biomass caused an increase in S. melanocerasum plant height and fresh weight plant–1 by 35% and 43%, respectively;whereas, 20 g of leaf biomass depressed both variables by 50% and 65%, also respectively. Plant height was more suppressed when S. melanocerasum grew in soil – roots as opposed to soil + roots, whereas fresh weight plant–1 was similar between soil treatments. S. melanocerasum plant height was reduced by 70 and 55% when grown in soil – roots and soil + roots, respectively. In contrast, S. melanocerasum fresh weight plant–1 was reduced by 76% in both soil treatments. The reduction in S. melanocerasum plant attributes in this study is indicative of the allelopathic potential of A. biennis. Furthermore, A. biennis allelopathy is differenttially expressed among plant parts, primarily in roots. This may explain how A. biennis is capable of dominating a habitat once it becomes established. The presence of extractable compounds with herbicidal activity could increase the potential usefulness of A. biennis.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to study the biological activity of insecticidal components of Seleng Wormwood on cabbage butterfly （Pieris rapae）.[Method] With the assisted condition of microwave heating,ethanol,ethyl ethe...[Objective] The aim was to study the biological activity of insecticidal components of Seleng Wormwood on cabbage butterfly （Pieris rapae）.[Method] With the assisted condition of microwave heating,ethanol,ethyl ether,water and methylbenzene were selected as solvents to extract Seleng Wormwood,and the antifeedant,stomach toxicity,contact toxicity and fumigation activities of various solvent extracts against cabbage butterfly were determined.[Result] Various solvent extracts all showed certain antifeedant,stomach toxicity,contact toxicity and fumigation activity against the larvae of cabbage butterfly,and the biological activity of ethanol extract was the strongest.[Conclusion]The results could provide reference for development and utilization of botanical pesticides of Seleng Wormwood.展开更多
[Objectives]The effect and mechanism of grape seed and sweet wormwood extract on growth of Monopterus albus were studied.[Methods]1 500 healthy M.albus with average mass of 23.8 g/tail were randomly divided into 5 gro...[Objectives]The effect and mechanism of grape seed and sweet wormwood extract on growth of Monopterus albus were studied.[Methods]1 500 healthy M.albus with average mass of 23.8 g/tail were randomly divided into 5 groups.The control group was fed with basal diet and the experimental groups were fed with 10,20,30 and 40 g/kg of grape seed and sweet wormwood extract,respectively.The growth performance of the fish was measured after 60 d of feeding at 23-28℃.[Results]The addition of grape seed and sweet wormwood extract in basal diet could increase the body weight gain rate,specific growth rate and protein efficiency,and decrease the feed coefficient.The activity of digestive enzymes,glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase,glutamic-pyruvic transaminase,blood alkaline phosphatase and serum total protein was increased,and the contents of blood glucose and triglyceride were decreased.Compared with the control group,the above indexes showed significant difference(P<0.05)when the dosage was 20 and 30 g/kg(P<0.05).The difference was not significant(P>0.05)when the dosage was 10 and 40 g/kg(P>0.05).[Conclusions]As a feed additive,the plant extract from grape seed and sweet wormwood could increase digestive enzyme activity and regulate blood biochemical parameters of fish body.It had the function of promoting the digestion and absorption,enhancing the metabolic activity of 3 main nutrients,and hastening the growth of fish.展开更多
文摘In this study, Artemisia biennis was seeded in a greenhouse and raised to an average plant height of 100 cm. Aboveground plant portions were harvested and partitioned into leaves and stems, and dried;while roots were either removed from some soil (soil – roots) or left in soil (soil + roots). Greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate the allelopathic potential of A. biennis leaves, roots, and stems;and soil – roots, and soil + roots on Solanum melanocerasum plant height and fresh weight plant–1. When 5 g of root and stem biomass were added to soil, S. melanocerasum plant height and fresh weight plant–1 was reduced by 75 and 88%, respectively. In contrast, 5 g of leaf biomass caused an increase in S. melanocerasum plant height and fresh weight plant–1 by 35% and 43%, respectively;whereas, 20 g of leaf biomass depressed both variables by 50% and 65%, also respectively. Plant height was more suppressed when S. melanocerasum grew in soil – roots as opposed to soil + roots, whereas fresh weight plant–1 was similar between soil treatments. S. melanocerasum plant height was reduced by 70 and 55% when grown in soil – roots and soil + roots, respectively. In contrast, S. melanocerasum fresh weight plant–1 was reduced by 76% in both soil treatments. The reduction in S. melanocerasum plant attributes in this study is indicative of the allelopathic potential of A. biennis. Furthermore, A. biennis allelopathy is differenttially expressed among plant parts, primarily in roots. This may explain how A. biennis is capable of dominating a habitat once it becomes established. The presence of extractable compounds with herbicidal activity could increase the potential usefulness of A. biennis.
基金Supported by Doctoral Research Fund of Yangtze UniversityEducational Commission of Hubei Province of China(Q200712003)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study the biological activity of insecticidal components of Seleng Wormwood on cabbage butterfly （Pieris rapae）.[Method] With the assisted condition of microwave heating,ethanol,ethyl ether,water and methylbenzene were selected as solvents to extract Seleng Wormwood,and the antifeedant,stomach toxicity,contact toxicity and fumigation activities of various solvent extracts against cabbage butterfly were determined.[Result] Various solvent extracts all showed certain antifeedant,stomach toxicity,contact toxicity and fumigation activity against the larvae of cabbage butterfly,and the biological activity of ethanol extract was the strongest.[Conclusion]The results could provide reference for development and utilization of botanical pesticides of Seleng Wormwood.
基金Supported by Hunan Science and Technology Department Planning Project(2012NK3056)
文摘[Objectives]The effect and mechanism of grape seed and sweet wormwood extract on growth of Monopterus albus were studied.[Methods]1 500 healthy M.albus with average mass of 23.8 g/tail were randomly divided into 5 groups.The control group was fed with basal diet and the experimental groups were fed with 10,20,30 and 40 g/kg of grape seed and sweet wormwood extract,respectively.The growth performance of the fish was measured after 60 d of feeding at 23-28℃.[Results]The addition of grape seed and sweet wormwood extract in basal diet could increase the body weight gain rate,specific growth rate and protein efficiency,and decrease the feed coefficient.The activity of digestive enzymes,glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase,glutamic-pyruvic transaminase,blood alkaline phosphatase and serum total protein was increased,and the contents of blood glucose and triglyceride were decreased.Compared with the control group,the above indexes showed significant difference(P<0.05)when the dosage was 20 and 30 g/kg(P<0.05).The difference was not significant(P>0.05)when the dosage was 10 and 40 g/kg(P>0.05).[Conclusions]As a feed additive,the plant extract from grape seed and sweet wormwood could increase digestive enzyme activity and regulate blood biochemical parameters of fish body.It had the function of promoting the digestion and absorption,enhancing the metabolic activity of 3 main nutrients,and hastening the growth of fish.
