本文首次提出了人体空气动力学的基本概念、研究内容、方法和当前存在的主要问题。阐述了高速气流吹袭对人体造成的影响,分析了人体各部分的气动特性,给出了人体上肢、小腿及头颈部的阻力系数曲线,认为人体四肢和头颈部在高速气流吹袭...本文首次提出了人体空气动力学的基本概念、研究内容、方法和当前存在的主要问题。阐述了高速气流吹袭对人体造成的影响,分析了人体各部分的气动特性,给出了人体上肢、小腿及头颈部的阻力系数曲线,认为人体四肢和头颈部在高速气流吹袭下产生的相对于人椅系统甩打运动,将对人体的安全弹射造成严重威胁,是飞行员安全弹射的主要障碍。本文还对目前国内外所研究的高速气流防护装置按其防护原理进行了分类,并评价了他们的防护能力。本文介绍了国内外的主要研究成果,并对其中人椅系统的速压计算问题作了较为详细的阐述,介绍了作用在人椅系统上的速压修正的半经验公式。此公式不仅适用于计算像人椅系统那样的大钝体,而且也适用于计算其它大钝体在任意 M 数范围内的阻力系数。最后,文中对今后的研究工作提出了一些建议。展开更多
The computational fluid dynamics （CFD） method is used to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of the seat/occupant with windblast protection devices. The upwind Osher scheme is used for the spatial discretisa...The computational fluid dynamics （CFD） method is used to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of the seat/occupant with windblast protection devices. The upwind Osher scheme is used for the spatial discretisation. The detached-eddy simulation （DES） based on the Spalart-Allmaras one-equation turbulence model is ap- plied to the detached viscous flow simulation behind the seat/occupant, with Mach numbers 0.6 and 1.2 at attack angles between --10 and 30°, and at two sideslip angles of 0 and 15°, respectively. The aerodynamic characteristics of seat/occupants with and without windblast protection devices are calculated in cases of the freestream Mach numbers 0. 8 and 1.6, attack angles from 5 to 30°, and three sideslip angles of 0, --20 and --50°, respectively. Results show that simulation results agree well with experimental data. And the occupant is efficiently protected by windblast protection devices.展开更多
文摘本文首次提出了人体空气动力学的基本概念、研究内容、方法和当前存在的主要问题。阐述了高速气流吹袭对人体造成的影响,分析了人体各部分的气动特性,给出了人体上肢、小腿及头颈部的阻力系数曲线,认为人体四肢和头颈部在高速气流吹袭下产生的相对于人椅系统甩打运动,将对人体的安全弹射造成严重威胁,是飞行员安全弹射的主要障碍。本文还对目前国内外所研究的高速气流防护装置按其防护原理进行了分类,并评价了他们的防护能力。本文介绍了国内外的主要研究成果,并对其中人椅系统的速压计算问题作了较为详细的阐述,介绍了作用在人椅系统上的速压修正的半经验公式。此公式不仅适用于计算像人椅系统那样的大钝体,而且也适用于计算其它大钝体在任意 M 数范围内的阻力系数。最后,文中对今后的研究工作提出了一些建议。
基金Supported by the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(2008ZC52039)~~
文摘The computational fluid dynamics （CFD） method is used to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of the seat/occupant with windblast protection devices. The upwind Osher scheme is used for the spatial discretisation. The detached-eddy simulation （DES） based on the Spalart-Allmaras one-equation turbulence model is ap- plied to the detached viscous flow simulation behind the seat/occupant, with Mach numbers 0.6 and 1.2 at attack angles between --10 and 30°, and at two sideslip angles of 0 and 15°, respectively. The aerodynamic characteristics of seat/occupants with and without windblast protection devices are calculated in cases of the freestream Mach numbers 0. 8 and 1.6, attack angles from 5 to 30°, and three sideslip angles of 0, --20 and --50°, respectively. Results show that simulation results agree well with experimental data. And the occupant is efficiently protected by windblast protection devices.
