A new species, Feirana kangxianensis sp. nov., is described from the western Qinling Mountains in Gansu, China. Both morphological and molecular data support its validity. The new species is characterized by： （1） p...A new species, Feirana kangxianensis sp. nov., is described from the western Qinling Mountains in Gansu, China. Both morphological and molecular data support its validity. The new species is characterized by： （1） presence of keratinized nuptial spines on the thenar region of the hands in males of the new species, in contrast to F. taihangnica and F. quadranus; （2） of females, the ratios of UEW, INS, NSD and IPTL to SVL ofF. kangxianensis were significantly less than those of F. taihangnica and F. quadranus （P 〈 0.05）, while the ratio of IOS to SVL of the new species was significantly larger than that of the latter two species （P 〈 0.05）; and （3） of males, the ratios of INS, NSD, IPTW to SVL of the new species were significantly less than those ofF. taihangnica and F. quadranus （P 〈 0.05）, while the ratio of HL to SVL of the former was significantly larger than that of the latter, and the ratio of HW to SVL ofF. kangxianensis was significantly larger than that of F. taihangnica but less than that of F. quadranus, the ratio of OPTL to SVL of F. kangxianensis was significantly less than that of F. taihangnica but larger than that of F. quadranus （P 〈 0.05）. The three species of Feirana can be easily identified and significantly differ from each other by the canonical discriminant analyses with high correct classification （〉92%）. Concurrently, based on partial mitochondrial ND2 gene sequences, the result of the molecular phylogenetic analyses of the Feirana indicates that the F. kangxianensis is sister to F. taihangnica.展开更多
Severe flooding occurred in Northeast China（NEC） in summer 2013. Compared with the rainfall climatology of the region, the rainy season began earlier in 2013 and two main rainy periods occurred from late June to ear...Severe flooding occurred in Northeast China（NEC） in summer 2013. Compared with the rainfall climatology of the region, the rainy season began earlier in 2013 and two main rainy periods occurred from late June to early July and from mid July to early August, respectively. During the summer season of 2013, the western Pacific subtropical high（WPSH） was located farther westward, which strengthened the southerly winds on its west side in the lower troposphere. Under this circulation pattern, more water vapor was transported to North China and NEC. Another moisture transport pathway to NEC was traced to the cross-equatorial flow over the Bay of Bengal. In mid–high latitudes in summer 2013, the Northeast Cold Vortex（NECV） was much stronger and remained stable over NEC. Thus, the cold air flow from its northwest side frequently met with the warm and wet air from the south to form stronger moisture convergence at lower levels in the troposphere, resulting in increased precipitation over the region. Correlation analysis indicated that the NECV played a more direct role than the WPSH. Synoptic analyses of the two heaviest flood cases on 2 and 16 July confirmed this conclusion. The four wettest summers in NEC before 2000 were also analyzed and the results were consistent with the conclusion that both the WPSH and the NECV led to the intense rainfall in NEC, but the NECV had a more direct role.展开更多
Dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （dot-ELISA）, indirect ELISA and Westem blot were performed to detect the virulent protease secreted by Vibrio anguillarum which was isolated from the diseased left-eyed flounder...Dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （dot-ELISA）, indirect ELISA and Westem blot were performed to detect the virulent protease secreted by Vibrio anguillarum which was isolated from the diseased left-eyed flounder, Paralichthys olivaceous. Sensitivity results showed that dot-ELISA is a more sensitive, rapid and simple technique for the protease detection. The minimal detectable amount of protease is about 7 pg in the dot-ELISA test, while 7.8 ng in the indirect ELISA and 6.25 ng in the Westem blot respectively. Protease could be detected 2 h after incubation of V. anguillarum in the 2216E liquid medium but enzyme activity was very low at that period. From 6 to 12 h, the amount and enzyme activity of protease increased markedly and reached maximum at stationary phase. Analysis of serum samples periodically collected from the infected flounders showed that after 2 h of infection by V. anguillarum, the pathogenic bacteria could be detected in the blood of the infected flounders but no protease was found. It was 5-6 h after infection that the protease was detected in blood and then the amount increased as infection advanced. Quantitative detection of protease either incubation in the medium or from the blood of infected flounders could be accomplished in virtue of positive controls of quantificational protease standards （＂marker＂） so that the alterations ofprotease secretion both in vitro and in vivo could be understood generally. In addition, the indirect ELISA and dot-ELISA were also performed to detect V. anguillarum cells. Results indicated that the sensitivity of indirect ELISA to bacteria cells is higher than that of the dot-ELISA, and that the minimal detectable amount is approximately 10^4 cell/mL in the indirect ELISA, while 10^5 cell/mL in the dot-ELISA.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(NSFC–31071906,30730029)granted to Jianping JIANGthe Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization of CIB,CAS,the Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,and the Knowledge Innovation Program of CAS(Y1C2021200,Y1B3021,KSCX2-EW-J-22)
文摘A new species, Feirana kangxianensis sp. nov., is described from the western Qinling Mountains in Gansu, China. Both morphological and molecular data support its validity. The new species is characterized by： （1） presence of keratinized nuptial spines on the thenar region of the hands in males of the new species, in contrast to F. taihangnica and F. quadranus; （2） of females, the ratios of UEW, INS, NSD and IPTL to SVL ofF. kangxianensis were significantly less than those of F. taihangnica and F. quadranus （P 〈 0.05）, while the ratio of IOS to SVL of the new species was significantly larger than that of the latter two species （P 〈 0.05）; and （3） of males, the ratios of INS, NSD, IPTW to SVL of the new species were significantly less than those ofF. taihangnica and F. quadranus （P 〈 0.05）, while the ratio of HL to SVL of the former was significantly larger than that of the latter, and the ratio of HW to SVL ofF. kangxianensis was significantly larger than that of F. taihangnica but less than that of F. quadranus, the ratio of OPTL to SVL of F. kangxianensis was significantly less than that of F. taihangnica but larger than that of F. quadranus （P 〈 0.05）. The three species of Feirana can be easily identified and significantly differ from each other by the canonical discriminant analyses with high correct classification （〉92%）. Concurrently, based on partial mitochondrial ND2 gene sequences, the result of the molecular phylogenetic analyses of the Feirana indicates that the F. kangxianensis is sister to F. taihangnica.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2013CB430203)Technology Innovation Project of the Inner Mongolia Meteorological Bureau(nmqxkjcx201606)Climate and Climate Change Innovation Team Project of the Inner Mongolia Meteorological Bureau
文摘Severe flooding occurred in Northeast China（NEC） in summer 2013. Compared with the rainfall climatology of the region, the rainy season began earlier in 2013 and two main rainy periods occurred from late June to early July and from mid July to early August, respectively. During the summer season of 2013, the western Pacific subtropical high（WPSH） was located farther westward, which strengthened the southerly winds on its west side in the lower troposphere. Under this circulation pattern, more water vapor was transported to North China and NEC. Another moisture transport pathway to NEC was traced to the cross-equatorial flow over the Bay of Bengal. In mid–high latitudes in summer 2013, the Northeast Cold Vortex（NECV） was much stronger and remained stable over NEC. Thus, the cold air flow from its northwest side frequently met with the warm and wet air from the south to form stronger moisture convergence at lower levels in the troposphere, resulting in increased precipitation over the region. Correlation analysis indicated that the NECV played a more direct role than the WPSH. Synoptic analyses of the two heaviest flood cases on 2 and 16 July confirmed this conclusion. The four wettest summers in NEC before 2000 were also analyzed and the results were consistent with the conclusion that both the WPSH and the NECV led to the intense rainfall in NEC, but the NECV had a more direct role.
文摘Dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （dot-ELISA）, indirect ELISA and Westem blot were performed to detect the virulent protease secreted by Vibrio anguillarum which was isolated from the diseased left-eyed flounder, Paralichthys olivaceous. Sensitivity results showed that dot-ELISA is a more sensitive, rapid and simple technique for the protease detection. The minimal detectable amount of protease is about 7 pg in the dot-ELISA test, while 7.8 ng in the indirect ELISA and 6.25 ng in the Westem blot respectively. Protease could be detected 2 h after incubation of V. anguillarum in the 2216E liquid medium but enzyme activity was very low at that period. From 6 to 12 h, the amount and enzyme activity of protease increased markedly and reached maximum at stationary phase. Analysis of serum samples periodically collected from the infected flounders showed that after 2 h of infection by V. anguillarum, the pathogenic bacteria could be detected in the blood of the infected flounders but no protease was found. It was 5-6 h after infection that the protease was detected in blood and then the amount increased as infection advanced. Quantitative detection of protease either incubation in the medium or from the blood of infected flounders could be accomplished in virtue of positive controls of quantificational protease standards （＂marker＂） so that the alterations ofprotease secretion both in vitro and in vivo could be understood generally. In addition, the indirect ELISA and dot-ELISA were also performed to detect V. anguillarum cells. Results indicated that the sensitivity of indirect ELISA to bacteria cells is higher than that of the dot-ELISA, and that the minimal detectable amount is approximately 10^4 cell/mL in the indirect ELISA, while 10^5 cell/mL in the dot-ELISA.
