We propose a general concealed voter model(GCVM),in which individuals interact in two layers and can exchange their opinions in the internal layer.This interaction is not allowed in a CVM.By exchanging opinions in the...We propose a general concealed voter model(GCVM),in which individuals interact in two layers and can exchange their opinions in the internal layer.This interaction is not allowed in a CVM.By exchanging opinions in the internal layer,we mean that individuals share their real or internal opinions with their close friends.The process of opinion formation in GCVM is presented in the paper.We make the series of numerical simulations of GCVM with different network structures(both external and internal)and get some counterintuitive conclusions.For instance,we find out that sometimes with a relatively simple network structure of an external layer the consensus within the individuals’opinions cannot be reached,and if individuals in the network are not good at expressing their opinions publicly(in an external layer),exchanging opinions with their close friends(in an internal layer)is almost useless.展开更多
以ALTERA公司FPGA器件Cyclone III EP3C5E为系统核心,构建了一种基于FPGA新颖灵活的数字电子技术实验平台,该平台加载了高速IP核,既可以完成数字电路基础实验,又提供给学生创新性设计区.以数字表决器实验为例,介绍了逻辑门设计原理,通过...以ALTERA公司FPGA器件Cyclone III EP3C5E为系统核心,构建了一种基于FPGA新颖灵活的数字电子技术实验平台,该平台加载了高速IP核,既可以完成数字电路基础实验,又提供给学生创新性设计区.以数字表决器实验为例,介绍了逻辑门设计原理,通过3种不同的方式实现了设计功能,对比系统仿真结果并详细分析了在实验平台运行的准确性.系统分析表明,该实验平台可较好地实现数字电子技术实验,同时激发学生的学习兴趣和创造力,增强对课程的理解和认识.展开更多
电传飞控系统(Fly By Wire,简称FBW)通过传感器余度配置,提高了信号可用性和完整性。介绍了几类常见的传感器余度配置方案及其表决逻辑,设计了三余度传感器表决架构,对其中比较器、计数器进行了详细描述。最后通过一个仿真算例验证了表...电传飞控系统(Fly By Wire,简称FBW)通过传感器余度配置,提高了信号可用性和完整性。介绍了几类常见的传感器余度配置方案及其表决逻辑,设计了三余度传感器表决架构,对其中比较器、计数器进行了详细描述。最后通过一个仿真算例验证了表决器设计的正确性。对于国内民机传感器余度配置和表决管理具有指导意义。展开更多
This paper proposes a novel design paradigm for circuits designed in quantum dot cellular automata （QCA） technology. Previously reported QCA circuits in the literature have generally been designed in a single layer ...This paper proposes a novel design paradigm for circuits designed in quantum dot cellular automata （QCA） technology. Previously reported QCA circuits in the literature have generally been designed in a single layer which is the main logical block in which the inverter and majority gate are on the base layer, except for the parts where multilayer wire crossing was used. In this paper the concept of multilayer wire crossing has been extended to design logic gates in multilayers. Using a 5-input majority gate in a multilayer, a 1-bit and 2-bit adder have been designed in the proposed multilayer gate design paradigm. A comparison has been made with some adders reported previously in the literature and it has been shown that circuits designed in the proposed design paradigm are much more efficient in terms of area, the requirement of QCA cells in the design and the input-output delay of the circuit. Over all, the availability of one additional spatial dimension makes the design process much more flexible and there is scope for the customizability of logic gate designs to make the circuit compact.展开更多
The spread of an advantageous mutation through a population is of fundamental interest in population genetics. While the classical Moran model is formulated for a well-mixed population, it has long been recognized tha...The spread of an advantageous mutation through a population is of fundamental interest in population genetics. While the classical Moran model is formulated for a well-mixed population, it has long been recognized that in real-world applications, the population usually has an explicit spatial structure which can significantly influence the dynamics. In the context of cancer initiation in epithelial tissue, several recent works have analyzed the dynamics of advantageous mutant spread on integer lattices, using the biased voter model from particle systems theory. In this spatial version of the Moran model, individuals first reproduce according to their fitness and then replace a neighboring individual. From a biological standpoint, the opposite dynamics, where individuals first die and are then replaced by a neighboring individual according to its fitness, are equally relevant. Here, we investigate this death-birth analogue of the biased voter model. We construct the process mathematically, derive the associated dual process, establish bounds on the survival probability of a single mutant, and prove that the process has an asymptotic shape. We also briefly discuss alternative birth-death and death-birth dynamics, depending on how the mutant fitness advantage affects the dynamics. We show that birth-death and death-birth formulations of the biased voter model are equivalent when fitness affects the former event of each update of the model, whereas the birth-death model is fundamentally different from the death-birth model when fitness affects the latter event.展开更多
We consider the voter model with flip rates determined by {ue, e ∈ Ed}, where Ed is the set of all non-oriented nearest-neighbour edges in the Euclidean lattice Zd. Suppose that {ue, e ∈ Ed} are independent and iden...We consider the voter model with flip rates determined by {ue, e ∈ Ed}, where Ed is the set of all non-oriented nearest-neighbour edges in the Euclidean lattice Zd. Suppose that {ue, e ∈ Ed} are independent and identically distributed （i.i.d.） random variables satisfying ue ≥ 1. We prove that when d = 2, almost surely for all random environments, the voter model has only two extremal invariant measures： δ0 and δ1.展开更多
People power is the fundamental concept of democracy and power of the people is exercised though voting. People decide who should be elected to make decisions for them. However, if people do not properly participate i...People power is the fundamental concept of democracy and power of the people is exercised though voting. People decide who should be elected to make decisions for them. However, if people do not properly participate in the voting process and only two-thirds of all eligible voters participate in an election, the democratic institution loses its credibility and becomes vulnerable. This paper investigates various changes in voting institutions throughout the USAwith a simulation model that analyzes the efficacy of such methods to attain higher voter turnout.展开更多
We give a mathematical golden mean distribution based probabilistic confirmation of a recent spectacular experiment with light. The experiment in question is a three-slit variant of the well known two-slit set up of q...We give a mathematical golden mean distribution based probabilistic confirmation of a recent spectacular experiment with light. The experiment in question is a three-slit variant of the well known two-slit set up of quantum mechanics. The outcome of the sophisticated experiment revealed the looped path of light on the quantum scale and consequently the Peano-Hilbert geometry of spacetime, ergo its fractal-Cantorian nature. The mathematics used here on the other hand is the remarkably simple and insightful golden mean probability distribution known from a famous paradox known in social sciences as the voter paradox.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72171126)。
文摘We propose a general concealed voter model(GCVM),in which individuals interact in two layers and can exchange their opinions in the internal layer.This interaction is not allowed in a CVM.By exchanging opinions in the internal layer,we mean that individuals share their real or internal opinions with their close friends.The process of opinion formation in GCVM is presented in the paper.We make the series of numerical simulations of GCVM with different network structures(both external and internal)and get some counterintuitive conclusions.For instance,we find out that sometimes with a relatively simple network structure of an external layer the consensus within the individuals’opinions cannot be reached,and if individuals in the network are not good at expressing their opinions publicly(in an external layer),exchanging opinions with their close friends(in an internal layer)is almost useless.
文摘以ALTERA公司FPGA器件Cyclone III EP3C5E为系统核心,构建了一种基于FPGA新颖灵活的数字电子技术实验平台,该平台加载了高速IP核,既可以完成数字电路基础实验,又提供给学生创新性设计区.以数字表决器实验为例,介绍了逻辑门设计原理,通过3种不同的方式实现了设计功能,对比系统仿真结果并详细分析了在实验平台运行的准确性.系统分析表明,该实验平台可较好地实现数字电子技术实验,同时激发学生的学习兴趣和创造力,增强对课程的理解和认识.
文摘电传飞控系统(Fly By Wire,简称FBW)通过传感器余度配置,提高了信号可用性和完整性。介绍了几类常见的传感器余度配置方案及其表决逻辑,设计了三余度传感器表决架构,对其中比较器、计数器进行了详细描述。最后通过一个仿真算例验证了表决器设计的正确性。对于国内民机传感器余度配置和表决管理具有指导意义。
文摘This paper proposes a novel design paradigm for circuits designed in quantum dot cellular automata （QCA） technology. Previously reported QCA circuits in the literature have generally been designed in a single layer which is the main logical block in which the inverter and majority gate are on the base layer, except for the parts where multilayer wire crossing was used. In this paper the concept of multilayer wire crossing has been extended to design logic gates in multilayers. Using a 5-input majority gate in a multilayer, a 1-bit and 2-bit adder have been designed in the proposed multilayer gate design paradigm. A comparison has been made with some adders reported previously in the literature and it has been shown that circuits designed in the proposed design paradigm are much more efficient in terms of area, the requirement of QCA cells in the design and the input-output delay of the circuit. Over all, the availability of one additional spatial dimension makes the design process much more flexible and there is scope for the customizability of logic gate designs to make the circuit compact.
基金supported in part by the NIH grant R01CA241134supported in part by the NSF grant CMMI-1552764+3 种基金supported in part by the NSF grants DMS-1349724 and DMS-2052465supported in part by the NSF grant CCF-1740761supported in part by the U.S.-Norway Fulbright Foundation and the Research Council of Norway R&D Grant 309273supported in part by the Norwegian Centennial Chair grant and the Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship from the University of Minnesota.
文摘The spread of an advantageous mutation through a population is of fundamental interest in population genetics. While the classical Moran model is formulated for a well-mixed population, it has long been recognized that in real-world applications, the population usually has an explicit spatial structure which can significantly influence the dynamics. In the context of cancer initiation in epithelial tissue, several recent works have analyzed the dynamics of advantageous mutant spread on integer lattices, using the biased voter model from particle systems theory. In this spatial version of the Moran model, individuals first reproduce according to their fitness and then replace a neighboring individual. From a biological standpoint, the opposite dynamics, where individuals first die and are then replaced by a neighboring individual according to its fitness, are equally relevant. Here, we investigate this death-birth analogue of the biased voter model. We construct the process mathematically, derive the associated dual process, establish bounds on the survival probability of a single mutant, and prove that the process has an asymptotic shape. We also briefly discuss alternative birth-death and death-birth dynamics, depending on how the mutant fitness advantage affects the dynamics. We show that birth-death and death-birth formulations of the biased voter model are equivalent when fitness affects the former event of each update of the model, whereas the birth-death model is fundamentally different from the death-birth model when fitness affects the latter event.
文摘We consider the voter model with flip rates determined by {ue, e ∈ Ed}, where Ed is the set of all non-oriented nearest-neighbour edges in the Euclidean lattice Zd. Suppose that {ue, e ∈ Ed} are independent and identically distributed （i.i.d.） random variables satisfying ue ≥ 1. We prove that when d = 2, almost surely for all random environments, the voter model has only two extremal invariant measures： δ0 and δ1.
文摘People power is the fundamental concept of democracy and power of the people is exercised though voting. People decide who should be elected to make decisions for them. However, if people do not properly participate in the voting process and only two-thirds of all eligible voters participate in an election, the democratic institution loses its credibility and becomes vulnerable. This paper investigates various changes in voting institutions throughout the USAwith a simulation model that analyzes the efficacy of such methods to attain higher voter turnout.
文摘We give a mathematical golden mean distribution based probabilistic confirmation of a recent spectacular experiment with light. The experiment in question is a three-slit variant of the well known two-slit set up of quantum mechanics. The outcome of the sophisticated experiment revealed the looped path of light on the quantum scale and consequently the Peano-Hilbert geometry of spacetime, ergo its fractal-Cantorian nature. The mathematics used here on the other hand is the remarkably simple and insightful golden mean probability distribution known from a famous paradox known in social sciences as the voter paradox.
