目的分析世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)194个成员国的b型流感嗜血杆菌(Haemophilus influenzae type b,Hib)疫苗接种现况,为优化调整我国Hib疫苗免疫策略提供科学依据。方法收集WHO六大区域内194个成员国的Hib疫苗免疫...目的分析世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)194个成员国的b型流感嗜血杆菌(Haemophilus influenzae type b,Hib)疫苗接种现况,为优化调整我国Hib疫苗免疫策略提供科学依据。方法收集WHO六大区域内194个成员国的Hib疫苗免疫程序、疫苗类型及不同免疫规划目标人群接种率等公开数据,并进行描述性分析。结果在194个WHO成员国中,除了中国,有193个国家至少将1种Hib疫苗纳入国家免疫规划(National Immunization Program,NIP),有25个国家将Hib疫苗纳入高危人群免疫规划。纳入NIP的Hib疫苗种类有7种,其中纳入免疫规划最多的2款疫苗分别是白喉-破伤风-全细胞百日咳-b型嗜血流感杆菌-乙肝联合疫苗(122个国家)和白喉-破伤风-无细胞百日咳-b型嗜血流感杆菌-乙肝-灭活脊髓灰质炎联合疫苗(52个国家)。有136个国家实施3剂次免疫程序,57个国家实施4剂次免疫程序,3个国家实施5剂次免疫程序,其中57个国家实施6、10、14周龄免疫程序,占29.53%(57/193),32个国家实施2、4、6月龄免疫程序,占16.58%(32/193),18个国家实施2、4、6、18月龄免疫程序,占9.33%(18/193),12个国家实施2、3、4月龄免疫程序,占6.22%(12/193)。以上4种免疫程序占全球实施不同免疫程序国家的73.58%(142/193)。除西太平洋地区外,截至2022年,其他区域Hib疫苗接种率都维持在70%以上,其中东南亚区和欧洲区Hib疫苗接种率在90%以上。结论应充分考虑我国Hib相关疾病的负担、抗生素耐药性、目前国内Hib疫苗接种率、成本效益等情况,加快评估Hib疫苗纳入我国NIP的进程。展开更多
Objective:This study aims to investigate the influenza vaccination status of children aged 0-6 years in Changzhi City and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods:A questionnaire was distributed to 228 randomly sele...Objective:This study aims to investigate the influenza vaccination status of children aged 0-6 years in Changzhi City and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods:A questionnaire was distributed to 228 randomly selected parents of children aged 0-6 in Changzhi City to investigate the children’s influenza vaccination status.Results:(1)A total of 217 valid questionnaires were collected in this survey,with a response rate of 95.2%.(2)The results showed that the main reasons affecting children’s influenza vaccination were,in order,worrying about the safety of the influenza vaccine,believing that influenza vaccination was not necessary,and not knowing the time of the vaccination.(3)Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with children aged 0-2 years old,those aged 2-4 years old(OR=0.121,95%CI=0.032-0.301)and 4-6 years old(OR=0.385,95%CI=0.228-0.530)had lower cumulative influenza vaccination rates.Compared to the group with parental awareness of flu vaccines,the moderate awareness group(OR=2.319,95%CI=1.527-3.015)and the high awareness group(OR=2.932,95%CI=1.598-4.966)exhibited higher cumulative influenza vaccination rates among children.Parents acquire knowledge about influenza and its vaccines through vaccination centers(OR=1.396,95%CI=1.049-2.050)and doctors(OR=1.763,95%CI=1.291-2.774),which serves as a facilitating factor for influenza vaccination among 0-6-year-old children in Changzhi urban area.Conclusion:The age of the child,parental knowledge of the influenza vaccine,and parental communication with the vaccination center and the physician at the visit were the main influencing factors for influenza vaccination.展开更多
文摘目的分析世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)194个成员国的b型流感嗜血杆菌(Haemophilus influenzae type b,Hib)疫苗接种现况,为优化调整我国Hib疫苗免疫策略提供科学依据。方法收集WHO六大区域内194个成员国的Hib疫苗免疫程序、疫苗类型及不同免疫规划目标人群接种率等公开数据,并进行描述性分析。结果在194个WHO成员国中,除了中国,有193个国家至少将1种Hib疫苗纳入国家免疫规划(National Immunization Program,NIP),有25个国家将Hib疫苗纳入高危人群免疫规划。纳入NIP的Hib疫苗种类有7种,其中纳入免疫规划最多的2款疫苗分别是白喉-破伤风-全细胞百日咳-b型嗜血流感杆菌-乙肝联合疫苗(122个国家)和白喉-破伤风-无细胞百日咳-b型嗜血流感杆菌-乙肝-灭活脊髓灰质炎联合疫苗(52个国家)。有136个国家实施3剂次免疫程序,57个国家实施4剂次免疫程序,3个国家实施5剂次免疫程序,其中57个国家实施6、10、14周龄免疫程序,占29.53%(57/193),32个国家实施2、4、6月龄免疫程序,占16.58%(32/193),18个国家实施2、4、6、18月龄免疫程序,占9.33%(18/193),12个国家实施2、3、4月龄免疫程序,占6.22%(12/193)。以上4种免疫程序占全球实施不同免疫程序国家的73.58%(142/193)。除西太平洋地区外,截至2022年,其他区域Hib疫苗接种率都维持在70%以上,其中东南亚区和欧洲区Hib疫苗接种率在90%以上。结论应充分考虑我国Hib相关疾病的负担、抗生素耐药性、目前国内Hib疫苗接种率、成本效益等情况,加快评估Hib疫苗纳入我国NIP的进程。
文摘Objective:This study aims to investigate the influenza vaccination status of children aged 0-6 years in Changzhi City and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods:A questionnaire was distributed to 228 randomly selected parents of children aged 0-6 in Changzhi City to investigate the children’s influenza vaccination status.Results:(1)A total of 217 valid questionnaires were collected in this survey,with a response rate of 95.2%.(2)The results showed that the main reasons affecting children’s influenza vaccination were,in order,worrying about the safety of the influenza vaccine,believing that influenza vaccination was not necessary,and not knowing the time of the vaccination.(3)Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with children aged 0-2 years old,those aged 2-4 years old(OR=0.121,95%CI=0.032-0.301)and 4-6 years old(OR=0.385,95%CI=0.228-0.530)had lower cumulative influenza vaccination rates.Compared to the group with parental awareness of flu vaccines,the moderate awareness group(OR=2.319,95%CI=1.527-3.015)and the high awareness group(OR=2.932,95%CI=1.598-4.966)exhibited higher cumulative influenza vaccination rates among children.Parents acquire knowledge about influenza and its vaccines through vaccination centers(OR=1.396,95%CI=1.049-2.050)and doctors(OR=1.763,95%CI=1.291-2.774),which serves as a facilitating factor for influenza vaccination among 0-6-year-old children in Changzhi urban area.Conclusion:The age of the child,parental knowledge of the influenza vaccine,and parental communication with the vaccination center and the physician at the visit were the main influencing factors for influenza vaccination.
