To develop nondestructive acidity prediction for intact Fuji apples, the potential of Fourier transform near infrared (FT-NIR) method with fiber optics in interactance mode was investigated. Interactance in the 800 nm...To develop nondestructive acidity prediction for intact Fuji apples, the potential of Fourier transform near infrared (FT-NIR) method with fiber optics in interactance mode was investigated. Interactance in the 800 nm to 2619 nm region was measured for intact apples, harvested from early to late maturity stages. Spectral data were analyzed by two multivariate calibra- tion techniques including partial least squares (PLS) and principal component regression (PCR) methods. A total of 120 Fuji apples were tested and 80 of them were used to form a calibration data set. The influences of different data preprocessing and spectra treatments were also quantified. Calibration models based on smoothing spectra were slightly worse than that based on derivative spectra, and the best result was obtained when the segment length was 5 nm and the gap size was 10 points. Depending on data preprocessing and PLS method, the best prediction model yielded correlation coefficient of determination (r2) of 0.759, low root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.0677, low root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) of 0.0562. The results indicated the feasibility of FT-NIR spectral analysis for predicting apple valid acidity in a nondestructive way.展开更多
Response speed is vital for the railway environment monitoring system,especially for the sudden-onset disasters.The edge-cloud collaboration scheme is proved efficient to reduce the latency.However,the data characteri...Response speed is vital for the railway environment monitoring system,especially for the sudden-onset disasters.The edge-cloud collaboration scheme is proved efficient to reduce the latency.However,the data characteristics and communication demand of the tasks in the railway environment monitoring system are all different and changeable,and the latency contribution of each task to the system is discrepant.Hence,two valid latency minimization strategies based on the edge-cloud collaboration scheme is developed in this paper.First,the processing resources are allocated to the tasks based on the priorities,and the tasks are processed parallly with the allocated resources to minimize the system valid latency.Furthermore,considering the differences in the data volume of the tasks,which will induce the waste of the resources for the tasks finished in advance.Thus,the tasks with similar priorities are graded into the same group,and the serial and parallel processing strategies are performed intra-group and inter-group simultaneously.Compared with the other four strategies in four railway monitoring scenarios,the proposed strategies proved latency efficiency to the high-priority tasks,and the system valid latency is reduced synchronously.The performance of the railway environment monitoring system in security and efficiency will be promoted greatly with the proposed scheme and strategies.展开更多
In this paper,under the non-uniformtransverse load,the problems of nonlinear bending for orthotropic rectangular plate are studied by using'the method of twovariable'[1]and 'the method of mixing perturba...In this paper,under the non-uniformtransverse load,the problems of nonlinear bending for orthotropic rectangular plate are studied by using'the method of twovariable'[1]and 'the method of mixing perturbation'[2].The uniformly valid asymptotic solutions of Nth-order for ε1 and Mth-order for ε2 for ortholropic rectangular plale with four clamped edges are oblained.展开更多
Finite element method is employed to calculate the temperature fields for two kinds of steel concrete composite slabs: composite slab with profiled steel sheeting and LJMB composite slab. The calculated results are in...Finite element method is employed to calculate the temperature fields for two kinds of steel concrete composite slabs: composite slab with profiled steel sheeting and LJMB composite slab. The calculated results are in good agreement with those of tests. Fire resistance of the two kinds of composite slabs is calculated by using a numeric method. The results show that: due to heat absorbing of concrete, the performance of composite slabs under fire is better than that of unprotected steel structure, and fire resistance of composite slabs mentioned in this paper is at least 30 min subjected to standard fire. Parameters related to the fire resistance are discussed. It was found that with increasing of concrete strength and thickness of slab, fire resistance increases, and with increasing of steel strength and steel ratio, fire resistance decreases. Also thickness of fire proof is calculated by a numeric method. The results obtained in this paper may be referenced for practical engineering.展开更多
AIM： To compare the clinical performance of 4 spectraldomain（SD） optical coherence tomography angiography（OCTA） systems： AngioVueTM, AngioPlexTM, Spectralis？ OCTA, AngioScan, and 1 swept-source（SS） OCTA SS OC...AIM： To compare the clinical performance of 4 spectraldomain（SD） optical coherence tomography angiography（OCTA） systems： AngioVueTM, AngioPlexTM, Spectralis？ OCTA, AngioScan, and 1 swept-source（SS） OCTA SS OCT AngioTM. METHODS： Twenty-seven undilated right eyes of 27 participants underwent OCTA examination using five different systems respectively for both 3×3 and 6×6 mm^2 scan pattern（Spectralis OCTA for 3×3 mm^2 scan only）. Image quality, including vessel valid visibility and the number of motion artifacts, and acquisition time were evaluated. Repeated measures analysis of variance（ANOVA） with Bonferroni＇s post-test and Friedman test with Dunn＇s posttest were used to compare measurements.RESULTS： The age of the subjects was 28.19±5.55 y（range, 23-49 y）. The spherical equivalent refraction was-2.55±1.84 D（range, 0.00 to-5.25 D）. Significant difference was observed in the evaluation of vessel valid visibility（Angio Vue the highest： 0.111±0.031 for 3×3 mm^2 scan and 0.128±0.020 for 6×6 mm^2 scan）, number of motion artifacts（AngioVue the fewest： 0.778±1.086 for 3×3 mm^2 scan and 0.333±0.620 for 6×6 mm^2 scan） and acquisition time（AngioPlex the shortest： 8.537±1.921 s for 3×3 mm^2 scan and 8.298±1.741 s for 6×6 mm^2 scan; all P〈0.001）. CONCLUSION： There is poor agreement of measurements among systems. AngioVue provides images with the highest vessel valid visibility and the fewest motion artifacts. AngioPlex achieves the shortest acquisition.展开更多
The petrol truck routing problem is an important part of the petrol supply chain.This study focuses on determining routes for distributing petrol products from a depot to petrol stations with the objective of minimizi...The petrol truck routing problem is an important part of the petrol supply chain.This study focuses on determining routes for distributing petrol products from a depot to petrol stations with the objective of minimizing the total travel cost and the fixed cost required to use the trucks.We propose a mathematical model that considers petrol trucks returning to a depot multiple times and develop a heuristic algorithm based on a local branch-and-bound search with a tabu list and the Metropolis acceptance criterion.In addition,an approach that accelerates the solution process by adding several valid inequalities is presented.In this study,the trucks are homogeneous and have two compartments,and each truck can execute at most three tasks daily.The sales company arranges the transfer amount and the time windows for each station.The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by comparing its results with the optimal results.In addition,a real-world case of routing petrol trucks in Beijing is studied to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.展开更多
基金Projects (Nos. 30370371 and 60468002) supported by the NationalNatural Science Foundation of China
文摘To develop nondestructive acidity prediction for intact Fuji apples, the potential of Fourier transform near infrared (FT-NIR) method with fiber optics in interactance mode was investigated. Interactance in the 800 nm to 2619 nm region was measured for intact apples, harvested from early to late maturity stages. Spectral data were analyzed by two multivariate calibra- tion techniques including partial least squares (PLS) and principal component regression (PCR) methods. A total of 120 Fuji apples were tested and 80 of them were used to form a calibration data set. The influences of different data preprocessing and spectra treatments were also quantified. Calibration models based on smoothing spectra were slightly worse than that based on derivative spectra, and the best result was obtained when the segment length was 5 nm and the gap size was 10 points. Depending on data preprocessing and PLS method, the best prediction model yielded correlation coefficient of determination (r2) of 0.759, low root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.0677, low root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) of 0.0562. The results indicated the feasibility of FT-NIR spectral analysis for predicting apple valid acidity in a nondestructive way.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61903023)the Natural Science Foundation of Bejing Municipality(No.4204110)+1 种基金State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety(No.RCS2020ZT006,RCS2021ZT006)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2020JBM087).
文摘Response speed is vital for the railway environment monitoring system,especially for the sudden-onset disasters.The edge-cloud collaboration scheme is proved efficient to reduce the latency.However,the data characteristics and communication demand of the tasks in the railway environment monitoring system are all different and changeable,and the latency contribution of each task to the system is discrepant.Hence,two valid latency minimization strategies based on the edge-cloud collaboration scheme is developed in this paper.First,the processing resources are allocated to the tasks based on the priorities,and the tasks are processed parallly with the allocated resources to minimize the system valid latency.Furthermore,considering the differences in the data volume of the tasks,which will induce the waste of the resources for the tasks finished in advance.Thus,the tasks with similar priorities are graded into the same group,and the serial and parallel processing strategies are performed intra-group and inter-group simultaneously.Compared with the other four strategies in four railway monitoring scenarios,the proposed strategies proved latency efficiency to the high-priority tasks,and the system valid latency is reduced synchronously.The performance of the railway environment monitoring system in security and efficiency will be promoted greatly with the proposed scheme and strategies.
文摘In this paper,under the non-uniformtransverse load,the problems of nonlinear bending for orthotropic rectangular plate are studied by using'the method of twovariable'[1]and 'the method of mixing perturbation'[2].The uniformly valid asymptotic solutions of Nth-order for ε1 and Mth-order for ε2 for ortholropic rectangular plale with four clamped edges are oblained.
文摘Finite element method is employed to calculate the temperature fields for two kinds of steel concrete composite slabs: composite slab with profiled steel sheeting and LJMB composite slab. The calculated results are in good agreement with those of tests. Fire resistance of the two kinds of composite slabs is calculated by using a numeric method. The results show that: due to heat absorbing of concrete, the performance of composite slabs under fire is better than that of unprotected steel structure, and fire resistance of composite slabs mentioned in this paper is at least 30 min subjected to standard fire. Parameters related to the fire resistance are discussed. It was found that with increasing of concrete strength and thickness of slab, fire resistance increases, and with increasing of steel strength and steel ratio, fire resistance decreases. Also thickness of fire proof is calculated by a numeric method. The results obtained in this paper may be referenced for practical engineering.
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program for Precision Medicine of China (No.2016YFC0904800)
文摘AIM： To compare the clinical performance of 4 spectraldomain（SD） optical coherence tomography angiography（OCTA） systems： AngioVueTM, AngioPlexTM, Spectralis？ OCTA, AngioScan, and 1 swept-source（SS） OCTA SS OCT AngioTM. METHODS： Twenty-seven undilated right eyes of 27 participants underwent OCTA examination using five different systems respectively for both 3×3 and 6×6 mm^2 scan pattern（Spectralis OCTA for 3×3 mm^2 scan only）. Image quality, including vessel valid visibility and the number of motion artifacts, and acquisition time were evaluated. Repeated measures analysis of variance（ANOVA） with Bonferroni＇s post-test and Friedman test with Dunn＇s posttest were used to compare measurements.RESULTS： The age of the subjects was 28.19±5.55 y（range, 23-49 y）. The spherical equivalent refraction was-2.55±1.84 D（range, 0.00 to-5.25 D）. Significant difference was observed in the evaluation of vessel valid visibility（Angio Vue the highest： 0.111±0.031 for 3×3 mm^2 scan and 0.128±0.020 for 6×6 mm^2 scan）, number of motion artifacts（AngioVue the fewest： 0.778±1.086 for 3×3 mm^2 scan and 0.333±0.620 for 6×6 mm^2 scan） and acquisition time（AngioPlex the shortest： 8.537±1.921 s for 3×3 mm^2 scan and 8.298±1.741 s for 6×6 mm^2 scan; all P〈0.001）. CONCLUSION： There is poor agreement of measurements among systems. AngioVue provides images with the highest vessel valid visibility and the fewest motion artifacts. AngioPlex achieves the shortest acquisition.
基金the Program of “Study on Optimization and Supply-side Reliability of Oil Product Supply Chain Logistics System” funded under the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant Number 51874325
文摘The petrol truck routing problem is an important part of the petrol supply chain.This study focuses on determining routes for distributing petrol products from a depot to petrol stations with the objective of minimizing the total travel cost and the fixed cost required to use the trucks.We propose a mathematical model that considers petrol trucks returning to a depot multiple times and develop a heuristic algorithm based on a local branch-and-bound search with a tabu list and the Metropolis acceptance criterion.In addition,an approach that accelerates the solution process by adding several valid inequalities is presented.In this study,the trucks are homogeneous and have two compartments,and each truck can execute at most three tasks daily.The sales company arranges the transfer amount and the time windows for each station.The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by comparing its results with the optimal results.In addition,a real-world case of routing petrol trucks in Beijing is studied to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
