[目的]基于Web of Science分析护理模拟教学研究热点及发展趋势。[方法]检索Web of Science核心合集数据库中护理模拟教学相关文献,对护理模拟教学文献时间分布、期刊分布、作者、国家、机构、关键词进行统计分析,运用CiteSpaceⅢ软件...[目的]基于Web of Science分析护理模拟教学研究热点及发展趋势。[方法]检索Web of Science核心合集数据库中护理模拟教学相关文献,对护理模拟教学文献时间分布、期刊分布、作者、国家、机构、关键词进行统计分析,运用CiteSpaceⅢ软件进行可视化分析并绘制知识图谱。[结果]护理模拟教学文献整体呈增加趋势,发文量以澳大利亚和美国最多,但跨国合作较少。热点主要集中于护理教育、技能训练、急危重症模拟训练和跨学科团队合作,模拟教学质量和效果评估模型是研究趋势。[结论]护理模拟教学的研究逐渐由护理学科转向多学科团队合作,由技能应用转向质量评价与考核模式的探索、寻求更精准的模拟教学模式。展开更多
Spatiotemporal analysis of long-term changes in air temperature is of prime importance for climate change research and the development of effective mitigation and adaptation strategies.Although there are considerable ...Spatiotemporal analysis of long-term changes in air temperature is of prime importance for climate change research and the development of effective mitigation and adaptation strategies.Although there are considerable studies on air temperature change across the globe,most of them have been on linear trends and time series analysis of nonlinear trends have not received enough attention.Here,spatiotemporal patterns of monthly and annual mean(Tmean),maximum(T_(max)),and minimum(T_(min))air temperature at 47 synoptic stations across climate zones in Iran for a 40-yr period(1978–2017)are analyzed.A polynomial fitting scheme(Polytrend)is used to both monthly and annual air temperature data to detect trends and classify them into linear and nonlinear(quadratic and cubic)categories.The significant(non-significant)trends in Tmean,T_(max),and T_(min) across all climate zones are 41.1%(58.9%),34.1%(65.9%),and 46%(54%),respectively.The highest magnitude of increasing trends is observed in the annual T_(min)(0.47℃decade−1)and the lowest magnitude is for the annual T_(max)(0.4℃decade−1).Across the country,increasing trends(=37.2%)have higher spatial coverage than the decreasing trends(=3.2%).Warming trends in Tmean(65.3%)and T_(min)(73.1%)are mainly observed in humid climate zone while warming trends in T_(max) are in semi-arid(43.9%)and arid(34.1%)climates.Linear change with a positive trend is predominant in all Tmean(56.7%),T_(max)(67.8%),and T_(min)(71.2%)and for both monthly and annual data.Further,the linear trends have the highest warming rate in annual T_(min)(0.83℃decade^(−1))and Tmean(0.46℃decade^(−1))whereas the nonlinear trends have the highest warming rate in annual T_(max)(0.52℃decade^(−1)).The linear trend type is predominant across the country especially in humid climate zones whereas the nonlinear trends(quadratic and cubic)are mainly observed in the arid climate zones.This study highlights nonlinear changes and spatiotemporal trends in air temperature in Iran and contributes to a growing展开更多
AIM:To identify a hypothesis on:Supine sleep,sudden infant death syndrome(SIDS) reduction and association with increasing autism incidence.METHODS:Literature was searched for autism spectrum disorder incidence time tr...AIM:To identify a hypothesis on:Supine sleep,sudden infant death syndrome(SIDS) reduction and association with increasing autism incidence.METHODS:Literature was searched for autism spectrum disorder incidence time trends,with correlation of change-points matching supine sleep campaigns.A mechanistic model expanding the hypothesis was constructed based on further review of epidemiological and other literature on autism.RESULTS:In five countries(Denmark,United Kingdom,Australia,Israel,United States) with published time trends of autism,change-points coinciding with supine sleep campaigns were identified.The model proposes that supine sleep does not directly cause autism,but increases the likelihood of expression of a subset of autistic criteria in individuals with genetic susceptibility,thereby specifically increasing the incidence of autism without intellectual disability.CONCLUSION:Supine sleep is likely a physiological stressor,that does reduce SIDS,but at the cost of impact on emotional and social development in the population,a portion of which will be susceptible to,and consequently express autism.A re-evaluation of all benefits and harms of supine sleep is warranted.If the SIDS mechanism proposed and autism model presented can be verified,the research agenda may be better directed,in order to further decrease SIDS,and reduce autism incidence.展开更多
<strong>Introduction:</strong> Gender differences are still quite prevalent in the present time. Although there is literature regarding gender differences in healthcare expenditure in India, there is no da...<strong>Introduction:</strong> Gender differences are still quite prevalent in the present time. Although there is literature regarding gender differences in healthcare expenditure in India, there is no data regarding gender differences in hospital stay, hospital seeking behaviors and mortality. <strong>Aim:</strong> To evaluate the Gender differences in a hospital seeking behavior, mortality and hospital stay. <strong>Methods:</strong> We prospectively analyzed, from a retrospective database, all patients who underwent surgical gastrointestinal, hepato-biliary, pancreatic and splenic surgeries from 1996 to 2018 in our unit. Patients were divided into groups based on gender, admission time period and priority of admission i.e., elective or emergency. Both the gender groups were compared with respect to total procedures done, hospital stay and mortality. Organ specific mortality was calculated as proportions, was analyzed and compared between the groups. Time trends of the same were observed and compared. <strong>Results:</strong> Of 12,411 patients, 7979 (64.3%) were males and 4432 (35.7%) were females. 9191 (74.1%) patients underwent elective procedures whereas 3220 (25.9%) had emergency procedures (<strong>p ≤ 0.001</strong>). Overall mortality was higher in males (n = 473, 5.92%) in comparison to females (n = 185, 4.17%) (p ≤ 0.001). Majority of surgeries in males were of small intestine (22.5%) in which small bowel resection was most commonly done (5.4%), whereas, gallbladder and biliary surgeries (27.4%) were the most common in females in which laparoscopic cholecystectomy was most commonly done (5.8%). Median hospital stay was higher in males (10 days vs 9 days), (<strong>p ≤ 0.001</strong>). Mortality was higher in females in all organ categories except in liver (6.34% vs 2.7%), pancreas (37.3% Vs 18.3%) and spleen (3.38% Vs 1.62%) where mortality was higher for male gender. Highest mortality for females was in small intestinal surgery (34%) and for males, it was pancreatic surgery (37.3%). Highest m展开更多
Background: Increasing levels of obesity are likely associated with obesogenic behaviors such as physical activity (PA) and media time. Examination of regional and state differences in meeting recommendations for obes...Background: Increasing levels of obesity are likely associated with obesogenic behaviors such as physical activity (PA) and media time. Examination of regional and state differences in meeting recommendations for obesogenic behaviors would be useful for understanding con- current variations in prevalence of childhood obesity. Therefore the purpose of this study was to analyze the prevalence of boys and girls meeting vigorous physical activity (VPA), daily media (TV/video viewing/video game playing) recommendations, and association with over-weight and obesity across regions of the U.S. between 2003 and 2007. Methods: Data from the 2003 and 2007 National Survey of Children’s Health (n = 109,151;55,540 in 2003 and 53,611 in 2007;51.3% boys, mean (SE) age 11.5 (0.02) years) were used. Prevalence of meeting weekday media (≤ 2 hr/day) and VPA (≥ 3 days/week of minimum 20 minutes) recommendations were calculated. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine differences across regions, dates, sexes, and obesity status. Results: In 2007, the range for met the recommendations among regions was 74.2% - 82.1% for VPA and 77.2% - 83.7% for media viewing. The regions with the highest positive behavior levels were Alaska and Hawaii for VPA and both the Northeast and West regions for media viewing. In 2007 fewer children met media viewing recom- mendations than in 2003 (78.3% versus 83.6%, respectively, p 2hr/day versus ≤ 2 hr/day of media time. Further, the interaction between media time and VPA had a significant (p < 0.0001) association with being overweight or obese. Conclusions: Obesogenic behaviors vary by region in the U.S., appear to be changing over time, and are associated overweight and obesity status, though differences between boys and girls are stable.展开更多
The increasing attention on Bitcoin since 2013 prompts the issue of possible evidence for a causal relationship between the Bitcoin market and internet attention.Taking the Google search volume index as the measure of...The increasing attention on Bitcoin since 2013 prompts the issue of possible evidence for a causal relationship between the Bitcoin market and internet attention.Taking the Google search volume index as the measure of internet attention,time-varying Granger causality between the global Bitcoin market and internet attention is examined.Empirical results show a strong Granger causal relationship between internet attention and trading volume.Moreover,they indicate,beginning in early 2018,an even stronger impact of trading volume on internet attention,which is consistent with the rapid increase in Bitcoin users following the 2017 Bitcoin bubble.Although Bitcoin returns are found to strongly affect internet attention,internet attention only occasionally affects Bitcoin returns.Further investigation reveals that interactions between internet attention and returns can be amplified by extreme changes in prices,and internet attention is more likely to lead to returns during Bitcoin bubbles.These empirical findings shed light on cryptocurrency investor attention theory and imply trading strategy in Bitcoin markets.展开更多
文摘[目的]基于Web of Science分析护理模拟教学研究热点及发展趋势。[方法]检索Web of Science核心合集数据库中护理模拟教学相关文献,对护理模拟教学文献时间分布、期刊分布、作者、国家、机构、关键词进行统计分析,运用CiteSpaceⅢ软件进行可视化分析并绘制知识图谱。[结果]护理模拟教学文献整体呈增加趋势,发文量以澳大利亚和美国最多,但跨国合作较少。热点主要集中于护理教育、技能训练、急危重症模拟训练和跨学科团队合作,模拟教学质量和效果评估模型是研究趋势。[结论]护理模拟教学的研究逐渐由护理学科转向多学科团队合作,由技能应用转向质量评价与考核模式的探索、寻求更精准的模拟教学模式。
基金supported by the Swedish Research Council (2018-00430)
文摘Spatiotemporal analysis of long-term changes in air temperature is of prime importance for climate change research and the development of effective mitigation and adaptation strategies.Although there are considerable studies on air temperature change across the globe,most of them have been on linear trends and time series analysis of nonlinear trends have not received enough attention.Here,spatiotemporal patterns of monthly and annual mean(Tmean),maximum(T_(max)),and minimum(T_(min))air temperature at 47 synoptic stations across climate zones in Iran for a 40-yr period(1978–2017)are analyzed.A polynomial fitting scheme(Polytrend)is used to both monthly and annual air temperature data to detect trends and classify them into linear and nonlinear(quadratic and cubic)categories.The significant(non-significant)trends in Tmean,T_(max),and T_(min) across all climate zones are 41.1%(58.9%),34.1%(65.9%),and 46%(54%),respectively.The highest magnitude of increasing trends is observed in the annual T_(min)(0.47℃decade−1)and the lowest magnitude is for the annual T_(max)(0.4℃decade−1).Across the country,increasing trends(=37.2%)have higher spatial coverage than the decreasing trends(=3.2%).Warming trends in Tmean(65.3%)and T_(min)(73.1%)are mainly observed in humid climate zone while warming trends in T_(max) are in semi-arid(43.9%)and arid(34.1%)climates.Linear change with a positive trend is predominant in all Tmean(56.7%),T_(max)(67.8%),and T_(min)(71.2%)and for both monthly and annual data.Further,the linear trends have the highest warming rate in annual T_(min)(0.83℃decade^(−1))and Tmean(0.46℃decade^(−1))whereas the nonlinear trends have the highest warming rate in annual T_(max)(0.52℃decade^(−1)).The linear trend type is predominant across the country especially in humid climate zones whereas the nonlinear trends(quadratic and cubic)are mainly observed in the arid climate zones.This study highlights nonlinear changes and spatiotemporal trends in air temperature in Iran and contributes to a growing
文摘AIM:To identify a hypothesis on:Supine sleep,sudden infant death syndrome(SIDS) reduction and association with increasing autism incidence.METHODS:Literature was searched for autism spectrum disorder incidence time trends,with correlation of change-points matching supine sleep campaigns.A mechanistic model expanding the hypothesis was constructed based on further review of epidemiological and other literature on autism.RESULTS:In five countries(Denmark,United Kingdom,Australia,Israel,United States) with published time trends of autism,change-points coinciding with supine sleep campaigns were identified.The model proposes that supine sleep does not directly cause autism,but increases the likelihood of expression of a subset of autistic criteria in individuals with genetic susceptibility,thereby specifically increasing the incidence of autism without intellectual disability.CONCLUSION:Supine sleep is likely a physiological stressor,that does reduce SIDS,but at the cost of impact on emotional and social development in the population,a portion of which will be susceptible to,and consequently express autism.A re-evaluation of all benefits and harms of supine sleep is warranted.If the SIDS mechanism proposed and autism model presented can be verified,the research agenda may be better directed,in order to further decrease SIDS,and reduce autism incidence.
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong> Gender differences are still quite prevalent in the present time. Although there is literature regarding gender differences in healthcare expenditure in India, there is no data regarding gender differences in hospital stay, hospital seeking behaviors and mortality. <strong>Aim:</strong> To evaluate the Gender differences in a hospital seeking behavior, mortality and hospital stay. <strong>Methods:</strong> We prospectively analyzed, from a retrospective database, all patients who underwent surgical gastrointestinal, hepato-biliary, pancreatic and splenic surgeries from 1996 to 2018 in our unit. Patients were divided into groups based on gender, admission time period and priority of admission i.e., elective or emergency. Both the gender groups were compared with respect to total procedures done, hospital stay and mortality. Organ specific mortality was calculated as proportions, was analyzed and compared between the groups. Time trends of the same were observed and compared. <strong>Results:</strong> Of 12,411 patients, 7979 (64.3%) were males and 4432 (35.7%) were females. 9191 (74.1%) patients underwent elective procedures whereas 3220 (25.9%) had emergency procedures (<strong>p ≤ 0.001</strong>). Overall mortality was higher in males (n = 473, 5.92%) in comparison to females (n = 185, 4.17%) (p ≤ 0.001). Majority of surgeries in males were of small intestine (22.5%) in which small bowel resection was most commonly done (5.4%), whereas, gallbladder and biliary surgeries (27.4%) were the most common in females in which laparoscopic cholecystectomy was most commonly done (5.8%). Median hospital stay was higher in males (10 days vs 9 days), (<strong>p ≤ 0.001</strong>). Mortality was higher in females in all organ categories except in liver (6.34% vs 2.7%), pancreas (37.3% Vs 18.3%) and spleen (3.38% Vs 1.62%) where mortality was higher for male gender. Highest mortality for females was in small intestinal surgery (34%) and for males, it was pancreatic surgery (37.3%). Highest m
文摘Background: Increasing levels of obesity are likely associated with obesogenic behaviors such as physical activity (PA) and media time. Examination of regional and state differences in meeting recommendations for obesogenic behaviors would be useful for understanding con- current variations in prevalence of childhood obesity. Therefore the purpose of this study was to analyze the prevalence of boys and girls meeting vigorous physical activity (VPA), daily media (TV/video viewing/video game playing) recommendations, and association with over-weight and obesity across regions of the U.S. between 2003 and 2007. Methods: Data from the 2003 and 2007 National Survey of Children’s Health (n = 109,151;55,540 in 2003 and 53,611 in 2007;51.3% boys, mean (SE) age 11.5 (0.02) years) were used. Prevalence of meeting weekday media (≤ 2 hr/day) and VPA (≥ 3 days/week of minimum 20 minutes) recommendations were calculated. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine differences across regions, dates, sexes, and obesity status. Results: In 2007, the range for met the recommendations among regions was 74.2% - 82.1% for VPA and 77.2% - 83.7% for media viewing. The regions with the highest positive behavior levels were Alaska and Hawaii for VPA and both the Northeast and West regions for media viewing. In 2007 fewer children met media viewing recom- mendations than in 2003 (78.3% versus 83.6%, respectively, p 2hr/day versus ≤ 2 hr/day of media time. Further, the interaction between media time and VPA had a significant (p < 0.0001) association with being overweight or obese. Conclusions: Obesogenic behaviors vary by region in the U.S., appear to be changing over time, and are associated overweight and obesity status, though differences between boys and girls are stable.
基金The paper received financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.71422015,71871213)the National Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘The increasing attention on Bitcoin since 2013 prompts the issue of possible evidence for a causal relationship between the Bitcoin market and internet attention.Taking the Google search volume index as the measure of internet attention,time-varying Granger causality between the global Bitcoin market and internet attention is examined.Empirical results show a strong Granger causal relationship between internet attention and trading volume.Moreover,they indicate,beginning in early 2018,an even stronger impact of trading volume on internet attention,which is consistent with the rapid increase in Bitcoin users following the 2017 Bitcoin bubble.Although Bitcoin returns are found to strongly affect internet attention,internet attention only occasionally affects Bitcoin returns.Further investigation reveals that interactions between internet attention and returns can be amplified by extreme changes in prices,and internet attention is more likely to lead to returns during Bitcoin bubbles.These empirical findings shed light on cryptocurrency investor attention theory and imply trading strategy in Bitcoin markets.
