目的回顾性分析艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)病例的临床流行病学特征和皮肤性病特征,为疾病的诊断和治疗提供可靠依据。方法对我院2010年1月~2015年12月收治的85例AIDS资料进行分析,并对患者进行CD4^+、CD8^+T淋巴...目的回顾性分析艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)病例的临床流行病学特征和皮肤性病特征,为疾病的诊断和治疗提供可靠依据。方法对我院2010年1月~2015年12月收治的85例AIDS资料进行分析,并对患者进行CD4^+、CD8^+T淋巴细胞计数和乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)五项以及丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)检测。对检测结果进行统计学分析,判定流行病学、皮肤性病学特征。结果通过对85例病例进行回顾分析得知,以腹泻、高烧等为主要特征;其中,男60例,占70.6%;女25例,占29.4%;患者年龄20~50岁;从感染途径上来看,以性传播为主,占71.8%(61/85),其中,异性间性传播51例,占60.0%;同性间性传播10例,占11.8%。检测患者感染类型有四种:单项HIV感染、合并HBV感染、合并HCV感染、合并HBV和HCV感染。四种感染类型中,男女患者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于HIV感染者来说,合并HCV、HBV感染情况较多,应对这类型患者采取相对应措施,提高患者预防治疗效果。且男性病发率高于女性,大多为青壮年,该病症主要传播途径为性传播,需要加强艾滋病筛查、知识宣传,便于尽早发现、尽早处理,预防病情蔓延,延长生存期限。展开更多
Knowledge on individual’s HIV/AIDS status provides a tool to reduce or avoid HIV transmission, spread and mortalities due to HIV-related illness. However, most people still do not know their HIV status because they a...Knowledge on individual’s HIV/AIDS status provides a tool to reduce or avoid HIV transmission, spread and mortalities due to HIV-related illness. However, most people still do not know their HIV status because they are not willing to test for HIV/AIDS due to various reasons. Hence the aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of various risk factors that are likely to influence decision to ever test for HIV/AIDS. The data used in this paper were obtained from the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (n = 1828 observations and 32 risk factors). We applied the Chi-Square test statistic and the logistic regression model to the data in order to study the effects of these risk factors on one’s decision to ever test for HIV. STATA version 14.1 and R version 3.5.2 were used to carry out the statistical analyses. Generally, the results show that education, especially higher education significantly (OR = 0.53, 95% = 0.230, 0.837) increases the likelihood to ever test for HIV. Also, the younger the age groups the higher the effect and significance in the likelihood to ever test for HIV. We found that HIV-TB co-infection (OR = 0.53, 95% = 0.165, 0.893), use of condom anytime one has sex (OR = 0.31, 95% = 0.054, 0.573), wealth index (OR = 0.46, 95% = 0.137, 0.791), awareness of HIV transmission during child-delivery, number of partners significantly affect HIV testing. Those with many partners are less likely (OR = -0.26, 95% = -0.504, -0.007) to ever test for HIV and those who know that healthy person may have HIV are more likely (OR = 0.41, 95% = 0.137, 0.679) to ever test for HIV. Age is the common significant risk factor of ever tested for HIV across the 10 regions in Ghana. Resources should be allocated for more education on these significant risk factors in order to help in the fight against HIV-Health related issues.展开更多
文摘目的回顾性分析艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)病例的临床流行病学特征和皮肤性病特征,为疾病的诊断和治疗提供可靠依据。方法对我院2010年1月~2015年12月收治的85例AIDS资料进行分析,并对患者进行CD4^+、CD8^+T淋巴细胞计数和乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)五项以及丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)检测。对检测结果进行统计学分析,判定流行病学、皮肤性病学特征。结果通过对85例病例进行回顾分析得知,以腹泻、高烧等为主要特征;其中,男60例,占70.6%;女25例,占29.4%;患者年龄20~50岁;从感染途径上来看,以性传播为主,占71.8%(61/85),其中,异性间性传播51例,占60.0%;同性间性传播10例,占11.8%。检测患者感染类型有四种:单项HIV感染、合并HBV感染、合并HCV感染、合并HBV和HCV感染。四种感染类型中,男女患者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于HIV感染者来说,合并HCV、HBV感染情况较多,应对这类型患者采取相对应措施,提高患者预防治疗效果。且男性病发率高于女性,大多为青壮年,该病症主要传播途径为性传播,需要加强艾滋病筛查、知识宣传,便于尽早发现、尽早处理,预防病情蔓延,延长生存期限。
文摘Knowledge on individual’s HIV/AIDS status provides a tool to reduce or avoid HIV transmission, spread and mortalities due to HIV-related illness. However, most people still do not know their HIV status because they are not willing to test for HIV/AIDS due to various reasons. Hence the aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of various risk factors that are likely to influence decision to ever test for HIV/AIDS. The data used in this paper were obtained from the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (n = 1828 observations and 32 risk factors). We applied the Chi-Square test statistic and the logistic regression model to the data in order to study the effects of these risk factors on one’s decision to ever test for HIV. STATA version 14.1 and R version 3.5.2 were used to carry out the statistical analyses. Generally, the results show that education, especially higher education significantly (OR = 0.53, 95% = 0.230, 0.837) increases the likelihood to ever test for HIV. Also, the younger the age groups the higher the effect and significance in the likelihood to ever test for HIV. We found that HIV-TB co-infection (OR = 0.53, 95% = 0.165, 0.893), use of condom anytime one has sex (OR = 0.31, 95% = 0.054, 0.573), wealth index (OR = 0.46, 95% = 0.137, 0.791), awareness of HIV transmission during child-delivery, number of partners significantly affect HIV testing. Those with many partners are less likely (OR = -0.26, 95% = -0.504, -0.007) to ever test for HIV and those who know that healthy person may have HIV are more likely (OR = 0.41, 95% = 0.137, 0.679) to ever test for HIV. Age is the common significant risk factor of ever tested for HIV across the 10 regions in Ghana. Resources should be allocated for more education on these significant risk factors in order to help in the fight against HIV-Health related issues.
