As a result of deadlocked multilateral trade negotiations, many countries have embarked on the establishment of bilateral and regional trade agreements. Using the Global Trade Analysis Project database and a computabl...As a result of deadlocked multilateral trade negotiations, many countries have embarked on the establishment of bilateral and regional trade agreements. Using the Global Trade Analysis Project database and a computable general equilibrium model, our paper focuses on the impacts of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership （TTIP） and the Trans- Pacific Partnership （TPP） on the Chinese economy under three scenarios. The results suggest that when only the TTIP is realized, Chinese economic variables are negatively affected. When both the TTIP and the TPP are realized and China is excluded, the combined damage to the Chinese economy is higher than the damage with the TTIP alone. However, the inclusion of China in the TPP has a positively effect on economic variables in China. This indicates that the impacts of China ＇s participation in the TPP compensate for the negative impacts of the TTIP. Therefore, China should consider being part of the TPP to offset the negative impacts of the TTIP.展开更多
In view of the already relatively low most-favored-nation(MFN)rates on average,today’s most impeding barriers to transatlantic trade are not custom tariffs but so-called behind-the-border measures.TTIP was originally...In view of the already relatively low most-favored-nation(MFN)rates on average,today’s most impeding barriers to transatlantic trade are not custom tariffs but so-called behind-the-border measures.TTIP was originally destined to become a verily comprehensive trade and investment agreement in acknowledgment of this circumstance.But its distinctively ambitious agenda exposed both camps’opposing positions on several fronts at the same time.Considering that the negotiations had already hit several road blocks under the espousing Obama administration,the protectionist convictions and“America First”policy of the incumbent US President promised to complicate many of these contentious issues.Cherished as a popular tool in the business environment,the SWOT analysis also stood the test in the innovative context of identifying internal strengths and weaknesses of TTIP as well as external opportunities and threats to its conclusion further down the line.Juxtaposing its intrinsic strengths and weaknesses of TTIP unveils a mixed picture,alike so often in real life where no absolute truth exists.Nevertheless,the research demonstrates that there are compelling economic incentives for revitalizing the bilateral talks with respect to the likely transformations it would bring about in terms of market organization and functioning,production and distribution efficiency,national income,consumer satisfaction and,not least,regulation harmonization.Examining the matter from a different angle by asking“What are the probable implications of the scenario where the negotiations on a transatlantic trade and investment agreement will not be reinstated in the near future?”provided further illuminating insights.This approach revealed that neither the EU nor the US can actually afford to perpetuate the current status quo.Without TTIP,the relative size of the transatlantic pole is bound to dwindle in the global economy.Let alone the long-term geostrategic damage caused by its absence,as the EU and the US would miss out on the last chan展开更多
This article investigates the role of Portugal in the birth of the transatlantic slave trade.For a long time,most explanations of this traffic by American historians divorced the so-called“Old World”slave trade from...This article investigates the role of Portugal in the birth of the transatlantic slave trade.For a long time,most explanations of this traffic by American historians divorced the so-called“Old World”slave trade from the New World slave trade.This historiography blamed Christopher Columbus for the latter trade,while writing Portugal out of Atlantic history.Recent research,however,has shown that Portugal was the first country to claim the governance of the Atlantic Ocean and to trade in African slaves across the Atlantic.In an attempt to bring a much-needed African perspective to balance this Eurocentric debate,I question the notion of“trade”in the transatlantic slave trade.I suggest that this“trade”originated not in commerce,but in the Portuguese,pioneer role as slave raiders on the coast of Western Africa,a role spuriously justified by an invented Curse of Cain.The Pope confirmed this role with a bull granting Portugal exclusive rights to capture African slaves and trade them in Europe.This neglected original slave-raiding chapter is the precedent without which the transatlantic slave trade is dangerously misunderstood.展开更多
The transatlantic relationship is undergoing profound change.Characterized by self-centeredness, the Trump administration clearly despises Europe, and even exerts hostility toward Europe and the transatlantic alliance...The transatlantic relationship is undergoing profound change.Characterized by self-centeredness, the Trump administration clearly despises Europe, and even exerts hostility toward Europe and the transatlantic alliance. The vast majority of the European governments and people are turning anti-American, and there is a particular dislike toward Trump. They are questioning the value and the future of the transatlantic alliance, a phenomenon that is rare in the history of transatlantic relations.Although the current changes in transatlantic relations are focused on Trump, these are actually the result of the combined effects of geopolitical differences and economic competition between Europe and the US, and internal social and political changes over recent years, amongst others.The transatlantic relationship is now entering a new era, during which disputes and contradictions are set to mount. The relationship is unlikely to return to what it once was, even if another US president takes office.The process of normalization and de-specialization between the two sides seems certain to accelerate, with more fundamental changes in the Western world set to occur. However, the transatlantic relationship remains unique. Despite many internal contradictions, Europe and the US share more mutual willingness than they do differences when it comes to dealing with non-Western world issues such as China and Russia. The transatlantic alliance will continue to exist for a long time to come, and it will remain the dominant factor in international geopolitics and major power relations.展开更多
During the late 18th and early 19th centuries,a series of conflicts erupted in the Caribbean,leading to the spread of yellow fever to North America and Europe.This yellow fever epidemic was aggravated by war,migration...During the late 18th and early 19th centuries,a series of conflicts erupted in the Caribbean,leading to the spread of yellow fever to North America and Europe.This yellow fever epidemic was aggravated by war,migration,trade,and other human behaviors,resulting in a decadelong transatlantic pandemic.Groups of physicians in Europe and the United States established a transatlantic network focused on epidemic prevention,to investigate the pathology,causes,and treatments of yellow fever Subsequently,some consular officers were also concerned about the yellow fever epidemic,which led to the expansion of this network.The formation and expansion of the transatlantic knowledge network profoundly demonstrated the spirit of transnationalism and promotes progress in international public health.It sets a precedent for international health cooperation.However,this network was dominated by the so-called"white elite",with European and American countries holding the knowledge hegemony,it had a clear racist and colonialism feature.展开更多
Building a new transatlantic alliance stood high on the 1995 agenda for Euro-American relations,a symbol of an adjustment process under way in depth.In June 1995,US Secretary of State Warren Christopher raised in his ...Building a new transatlantic alliance stood high on the 1995 agenda for Euro-American relations,a symbol of an adjustment process under way in depth.In June 1995,US Secretary of State Warren Christopher raised in his speechthe issue of “charting a Transatlantic Agenda for the 21st century”.A month later,Europe came up with a strategic paper on relations with America.The end of展开更多
Putting Philadelphia physician,politician,and abolitionist Benjamin Rush’s Enlightenment and abolitionism together,this article argues that Rush was a radical Enlightenment thinker in the eighteenth century Atlantic ...Putting Philadelphia physician,politician,and abolitionist Benjamin Rush’s Enlightenment and abolitionism together,this article argues that Rush was a radical Enlightenment thinker in the eighteenth century Atlantic world.A close consideration of Rush’s radical abolitionism illustrates his antislavery networks in the broader Atlantic world.Meanwhile,drawing on largely unnoticed correspondence between Rush and his radical friends,it aims to demonstrate his radical character in the transatlantic Enlightenment.A focused study on Rush’s antislavery activities and transatlantic Enlightenment thus hopes to cast recent scholarship highlighting Philadelphia’s Enlightenment and abolitionism in a radical light.展开更多
After the Biden administration came to power in the United States,Europe and the United States came to a comprehensive arrangement for coordinating their internal diferences and international policies,using shared val...After the Biden administration came to power in the United States,Europe and the United States came to a comprehensive arrangement for coordinating their internal diferences and international policies,using shared values as the traction for forming a consensus posture toward China,which to a certain extent placed transatlantic relations into a posture of readiness for a Cold War.Although the common strategic needs of Europe and the United States contributed to the coordination between Europe and the United States,the long-term,structural contradictions between Europe and the United States in the felds of economy,trade,and security created the limited and transactional nature of this round of coordination.At the same time,the internal ecology of Europe and the United States has produced a window of opportunity in this round of coordination,increasing the uncertainty entailed by deepening coordination in the short and medium terms.The coordination of Europe and the United States has impacted the political foundations of China-EU relations and promoted an increase in the level of competition in China-EU relations and compressed the tension space in Europe-US relations,as well as having a negative impact on the global and regional order.展开更多
Vicki Van Meter,a 12-year-old trom Meadville,Pennsylvanta, soared into the record books last summer as the youngest girl to pilot a plane across the Atlantic Ocean. "I did all the flying, navigations, and communi...Vicki Van Meter,a 12-year-old trom Meadville,Pennsylvanta, soared into the record books last summer as the youngest girl to pilot a plane across the Atlantic Ocean. "I did all the flying, navigations, and communications," Vicki says. Vicki’s skill comes from experience.She’s been flying since she was 10. "展开更多
The transatlantic alliance between the US and Europe within the framework of NATO is the longest and closest alliance relationship in the world today. Since taking office, President Donald Trump has sent “shockwaves...The transatlantic alliance between the US and Europe within the framework of NATO is the longest and closest alliance relationship in the world today. Since taking office, President Donald Trump has sent “shockwaves” of readjusting US policy toward Europe, intensifying the already serious contradictions accumulated between the two sides.展开更多
目的:分析对比腔内技术与主股动脉转流治疗泛大西洋协作组(TASC)C D级主髂动脉病变的长期通畅率结果,为此类患者的手术选择提供依据。方法:回顾性分析安贞医院血管外科,2005年至2008年间,行腔内技术与主股动脉转流治疗TASC C D型主髂动...目的:分析对比腔内技术与主股动脉转流治疗泛大西洋协作组(TASC)C D级主髂动脉病变的长期通畅率结果,为此类患者的手术选择提供依据。方法:回顾性分析安贞医院血管外科,2005年至2008年间,行腔内技术与主股动脉转流治疗TASC C D型主髂动脉病变77例(腔内治疗组35例,主股转流组42例),分析围手术期及远期预后,平均随访时间(59.7±18.7)个月。结果:腔内组5年一期通畅率68.8%,二期通畅率78.1%,总体生存率93.8%,总体保肢率90.6%;主股转流组5年一期通畅率92.1%,二期通畅率94.7%,总体生存率94.7%,总体保肢率97.3%。结论:腔内技术和主-股动脉转流治疗TASC C D型主髂动脉病变均可取得良好的远期疗效,但主-股动脉转流的远期通畅率更好。在无明显手术禁忌的情况下,应优先选择血管转流手术。展开更多
文摘As a result of deadlocked multilateral trade negotiations, many countries have embarked on the establishment of bilateral and regional trade agreements. Using the Global Trade Analysis Project database and a computable general equilibrium model, our paper focuses on the impacts of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership （TTIP） and the Trans- Pacific Partnership （TPP） on the Chinese economy under three scenarios. The results suggest that when only the TTIP is realized, Chinese economic variables are negatively affected. When both the TTIP and the TPP are realized and China is excluded, the combined damage to the Chinese economy is higher than the damage with the TTIP alone. However, the inclusion of China in the TPP has a positively effect on economic variables in China. This indicates that the impacts of China ＇s participation in the TPP compensate for the negative impacts of the TTIP. Therefore, China should consider being part of the TPP to offset the negative impacts of the TTIP.
文摘In view of the already relatively low most-favored-nation(MFN)rates on average,today’s most impeding barriers to transatlantic trade are not custom tariffs but so-called behind-the-border measures.TTIP was originally destined to become a verily comprehensive trade and investment agreement in acknowledgment of this circumstance.But its distinctively ambitious agenda exposed both camps’opposing positions on several fronts at the same time.Considering that the negotiations had already hit several road blocks under the espousing Obama administration,the protectionist convictions and“America First”policy of the incumbent US President promised to complicate many of these contentious issues.Cherished as a popular tool in the business environment,the SWOT analysis also stood the test in the innovative context of identifying internal strengths and weaknesses of TTIP as well as external opportunities and threats to its conclusion further down the line.Juxtaposing its intrinsic strengths and weaknesses of TTIP unveils a mixed picture,alike so often in real life where no absolute truth exists.Nevertheless,the research demonstrates that there are compelling economic incentives for revitalizing the bilateral talks with respect to the likely transformations it would bring about in terms of market organization and functioning,production and distribution efficiency,national income,consumer satisfaction and,not least,regulation harmonization.Examining the matter from a different angle by asking“What are the probable implications of the scenario where the negotiations on a transatlantic trade and investment agreement will not be reinstated in the near future?”provided further illuminating insights.This approach revealed that neither the EU nor the US can actually afford to perpetuate the current status quo.Without TTIP,the relative size of the transatlantic pole is bound to dwindle in the global economy.Let alone the long-term geostrategic damage caused by its absence,as the EU and the US would miss out on the last chan
文摘This article investigates the role of Portugal in the birth of the transatlantic slave trade.For a long time,most explanations of this traffic by American historians divorced the so-called“Old World”slave trade from the New World slave trade.This historiography blamed Christopher Columbus for the latter trade,while writing Portugal out of Atlantic history.Recent research,however,has shown that Portugal was the first country to claim the governance of the Atlantic Ocean and to trade in African slaves across the Atlantic.In an attempt to bring a much-needed African perspective to balance this Eurocentric debate,I question the notion of“trade”in the transatlantic slave trade.I suggest that this“trade”originated not in commerce,but in the Portuguese,pioneer role as slave raiders on the coast of Western Africa,a role spuriously justified by an invented Curse of Cain.The Pope confirmed this role with a bull granting Portugal exclusive rights to capture African slaves and trade them in Europe.This neglected original slave-raiding chapter is the precedent without which the transatlantic slave trade is dangerously misunderstood.
文摘The transatlantic relationship is undergoing profound change.Characterized by self-centeredness, the Trump administration clearly despises Europe, and even exerts hostility toward Europe and the transatlantic alliance. The vast majority of the European governments and people are turning anti-American, and there is a particular dislike toward Trump. They are questioning the value and the future of the transatlantic alliance, a phenomenon that is rare in the history of transatlantic relations.Although the current changes in transatlantic relations are focused on Trump, these are actually the result of the combined effects of geopolitical differences and economic competition between Europe and the US, and internal social and political changes over recent years, amongst others.The transatlantic relationship is now entering a new era, during which disputes and contradictions are set to mount. The relationship is unlikely to return to what it once was, even if another US president takes office.The process of normalization and de-specialization between the two sides seems certain to accelerate, with more fundamental changes in the Western world set to occur. However, the transatlantic relationship remains unique. Despite many internal contradictions, Europe and the US share more mutual willingness than they do differences when it comes to dealing with non-Western world issues such as China and Russia. The transatlantic alliance will continue to exist for a long time to come, and it will remain the dominant factor in international geopolitics and major power relations.
基金research result of the major research project of the Humanities and Social Sciences Key Research Base of the Ministry of Education:"Infectious Diseases and the Foundation of Early Epidemic Prevention and public health system in the United States"(Project No.:22JJD770038).
文摘During the late 18th and early 19th centuries,a series of conflicts erupted in the Caribbean,leading to the spread of yellow fever to North America and Europe.This yellow fever epidemic was aggravated by war,migration,trade,and other human behaviors,resulting in a decadelong transatlantic pandemic.Groups of physicians in Europe and the United States established a transatlantic network focused on epidemic prevention,to investigate the pathology,causes,and treatments of yellow fever Subsequently,some consular officers were also concerned about the yellow fever epidemic,which led to the expansion of this network.The formation and expansion of the transatlantic knowledge network profoundly demonstrated the spirit of transnationalism and promotes progress in international public health.It sets a precedent for international health cooperation.However,this network was dominated by the so-called"white elite",with European and American countries holding the knowledge hegemony,it had a clear racist and colonialism feature.
文摘Building a new transatlantic alliance stood high on the 1995 agenda for Euro-American relations,a symbol of an adjustment process under way in depth.In June 1995,US Secretary of State Warren Christopher raised in his speechthe issue of “charting a Transatlantic Agenda for the 21st century”.A month later,Europe came up with a strategic paper on relations with America.The end of
文摘Putting Philadelphia physician,politician,and abolitionist Benjamin Rush’s Enlightenment and abolitionism together,this article argues that Rush was a radical Enlightenment thinker in the eighteenth century Atlantic world.A close consideration of Rush’s radical abolitionism illustrates his antislavery networks in the broader Atlantic world.Meanwhile,drawing on largely unnoticed correspondence between Rush and his radical friends,it aims to demonstrate his radical character in the transatlantic Enlightenment.A focused study on Rush’s antislavery activities and transatlantic Enlightenment thus hopes to cast recent scholarship highlighting Philadelphia’s Enlightenment and abolitionism in a radical light.
基金a preliminary result of the 2017 Ministry of Education Humanities and Social Sciences Key Research Base Project“The relationship between the UK and the EU and its impact on China in the context of Brexit”(Project Approval Number:17JJDGJW013)。
文摘After the Biden administration came to power in the United States,Europe and the United States came to a comprehensive arrangement for coordinating their internal diferences and international policies,using shared values as the traction for forming a consensus posture toward China,which to a certain extent placed transatlantic relations into a posture of readiness for a Cold War.Although the common strategic needs of Europe and the United States contributed to the coordination between Europe and the United States,the long-term,structural contradictions between Europe and the United States in the felds of economy,trade,and security created the limited and transactional nature of this round of coordination.At the same time,the internal ecology of Europe and the United States has produced a window of opportunity in this round of coordination,increasing the uncertainty entailed by deepening coordination in the short and medium terms.The coordination of Europe and the United States has impacted the political foundations of China-EU relations and promoted an increase in the level of competition in China-EU relations and compressed the tension space in Europe-US relations,as well as having a negative impact on the global and regional order.
文摘Vicki Van Meter,a 12-year-old trom Meadville,Pennsylvanta, soared into the record books last summer as the youngest girl to pilot a plane across the Atlantic Ocean. "I did all the flying, navigations, and communications," Vicki says. Vicki’s skill comes from experience.She’s been flying since she was 10. "
文摘The transatlantic alliance between the US and Europe within the framework of NATO is the longest and closest alliance relationship in the world today. Since taking office, President Donald Trump has sent “shockwaves” of readjusting US policy toward Europe, intensifying the already serious contradictions accumulated between the two sides.
文摘目的:分析对比腔内技术与主股动脉转流治疗泛大西洋协作组(TASC)C D级主髂动脉病变的长期通畅率结果,为此类患者的手术选择提供依据。方法:回顾性分析安贞医院血管外科,2005年至2008年间,行腔内技术与主股动脉转流治疗TASC C D型主髂动脉病变77例(腔内治疗组35例,主股转流组42例),分析围手术期及远期预后,平均随访时间(59.7±18.7)个月。结果:腔内组5年一期通畅率68.8%,二期通畅率78.1%,总体生存率93.8%,总体保肢率90.6%;主股转流组5年一期通畅率92.1%,二期通畅率94.7%,总体生存率94.7%,总体保肢率97.3%。结论:腔内技术和主-股动脉转流治疗TASC C D型主髂动脉病变均可取得良好的远期疗效,但主-股动脉转流的远期通畅率更好。在无明显手术禁忌的情况下,应优先选择血管转流手术。
