By introducing a new tortoise coordinate transformation, we investigate the quantum thermal and non-thermal radiations of a non-stationary Kerr-Newman-de Sitter black hole. The accurate location and radiate temperatur...By introducing a new tortoise coordinate transformation, we investigate the quantum thermal and non-thermal radiations of a non-stationary Kerr-Newman-de Sitter black hole. The accurate location and radiate temperature of the event horizon as well as the maximum energy of the non-thermal radiation are derived. It is shown that the radiate temperature and the maximum energy are related to not only the evaporation rate, but also the shape of the event horizon, moreover the maximum energy depends on the electromagnetic potential. Finally, we use the results to reduce the non-stationary Kerr-Newman black hole, the non-stationary Kerr black hole, the stationary Kerr-Newman-de Sitter black hole, and the static Schwarzshild black hole.展开更多
This study extends the classical Damour-Ruffini method and discusses Hawking radiation in a (n + 4)-dimensional rotating black hole. Under the condition that the total energy and angular momentum of spacetime are cons...This study extends the classical Damour-Ruffini method and discusses Hawking radiation in a (n + 4)-dimensional rotating black hole. Under the condition that the total energy and angular momentum of spacetime are conservative, but angular momentum a = J/M of unit mass of the black hole is variable, taking into consideration the reaction of the radiation of the particle to the spacetime, a new Tortoise coordinate transformation and discuss the black hole radiation spectrum is discussed. The radiation spectrum that satisfies the unitary principle in the general case is derived.展开更多
Governmental, educational, environmental and other nonprofit organizations have placed efforts on conservation action for the threatened Mojave desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii). While federal and state institution...Governmental, educational, environmental and other nonprofit organizations have placed efforts on conservation action for the threatened Mojave desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii). While federal and state institutions have focused on the desert tortoise in its native habitat of the southwestern United States, there are other conservation groups whose work has been dedicated to the rescue, rehabilitation, rescue, placement and adoption of the desert tortoise in civilian homes and neighborhoods as well as sanctuaries, reserves and exhibits. AWAKE Community (AWAKE), a nonprofit organization dedicated to natural wildlife habitats and endangered species, has focused its research on desert tortoises in captivity. The California Turtle and Tortoise Club (CTTC), the official adoption arm of California’s Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW), has provided instruction on methods of care for desert tortoises raised in captivity including housing, feeding, sexing, health and hibernation for both adults and hatchlings. AWAKE’s research has been aimed at benefiting and supplementing the guidelines provided by CTTC, specifically for coastal climates. AWAKE’s research has also aimed to provide insight to be considered for expanding adoption possibilities to other locations, specifically tropical climates, as adoption needs for desert tortoises have increased. This manuscript presents an analysis of one coastal and one tropical climate that can serve as a basis for: 1) understanding and evaluating climate in both existing and potential habitats for desert tortoise adoptions, rescues and exhibits, 2) providing insight and special instruction for desert tortoise adoptions in coastal communities, and 3) expanding awareness around desert tortoise needs in captivity.展开更多
Zokors are common subterranean rodents that inhabit agricultural fields, shrublands, and grasslands in the arid and semi-arid regions of China. Zokor burrowing activities can alter soil structure and affect soil hydro...Zokors are common subterranean rodents that inhabit agricultural fields, shrublands, and grasslands in the arid and semi-arid regions of China. Zokor burrowing activities can alter soil structure and affect soil hydrological processes;however, there are few studies regarding their effects on soil preferential flow in the Mu Us sandy land. An evaluation of the effects of zokor disturbance on their habitat and soil water is important for understanding the ecological role of zokors in the soil ecosystem of the Mu Us sandy land. A field dye-tracing experiment was conducted in the Gechougou watershed on the southeastern edge of the Mu Us sandy land to investigate the effect of zokor burrowing activity on soil preferential flow characteristics. Our results showed that the density of zokor tunnels was the highest(0.40–0.46 m m^(-2)) under 30%–50% vegetation coverage and that the tunnels were approximately 3 cm from the surface.Both stained area ratio and stained path number were higher at sites with zokors than without zokors. Stained path widths were 10–80 and > 80 mm at zokor-harboring sites exhibiting homogeneous flow and heterogeneous finger flow, respectively. In the absence of zokors, homogeneous flow and highly interacted macropore flow were predominant. Soil water content below the zokor tunnels was higher than that above the tunnels. Moderate disturbance of soil structure by zokor activity facilitated soil water infiltration. These results enabled a better understanding of the effect of soil fauna on soil structure and hydrological processes and provided recommendations for ecological construction and renovation in arid and semi-arid regions.展开更多
The dynamical properties of charged Dirac spinor particles in the Vaidya-Bonner space-time are investigated. The asymptotic solution to the radial part of the charged Dirac equation near the event horizon of the black...The dynamical properties of charged Dirac spinor particles in the Vaidya-Bonner space-time are investigated. The asymptotic solution to the radial part of the charged Dirac equation near the event horizon of the black hole is obtained. The Hawking temperature and the event horizon of the charged evaporating black hole, as well as the spectrum of the Hawking radiation of the Dirac particles, are exactly shown. Thereby, a new approach to the back-reaction of radiation from the non-stationary black holes is established.展开更多
In the process of dealing with the Hawking effect of Dirac particles in the non-stationary Kerr space-time, a new universal method to define the generalized Tortoise coordinate transformation is given. By means of thi...In the process of dealing with the Hawking effect of Dirac particles in the non-stationary Kerr space-time, a new universal method to define the generalized Tortoise coordinate transformation is given. By means of this coordinate transformation, one can discuss the properties of the dynamical equation of particles near event horizons, and get automatically the temperature of Hawking radiation using the method suggested by Damour and others, and thereby dodge the difficulties in calculating the renormalised energy-momentum tensor.展开更多
Objective This study was conducted to develop an method for identification of Trachemys scripta elegans(Ba Xi Gui,巴西龟)shell glue from Chinemys reevesii(Zhong Hua Cao Gui,中华草龟)shell glue.Methods In this research...Objective This study was conducted to develop an method for identification of Trachemys scripta elegans(Ba Xi Gui,巴西龟)shell glue from Chinemys reevesii(Zhong Hua Cao Gui,中华草龟)shell glue.Methods In this research,an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-QTOF/MS)method coupled with Binary Compare tool of UNIFI software was validated to differentiate Trachemys scripta elegans(Ba Xi Gui,巴西龟)shell glue from Chinemys reevesii(Zhong Hua Cao Gui,中华草龟)shell glue.The gelatins were digested enzymatically into peptides using trypsin.The UPLC-QTOF/MS data of the trypsin digested samples was subjected to Binary Compare of UNIFI software in order to screen out the unique peptides.PEAKS■Studio software was utilized to identify the sequence of the marker peptides.Results It was found that m/z 641.3 was the marker peptide in samples of Trachemys scripta elegans(Ba Xi Gui,巴西龟)shell glue,and m/z 649.3 was the marker peptide in samples of Chinemys reevesii(Zhong Hua Cao Gui,中华草龟)shell glue,with possible amino acid sequence of GEAGPSGPAGPTGAR and GESGPSGPAGPTGAR respectively.Conclusions The results will be helpful for the differentiating between these 2 gelatins,and it can be also used for quality control of Tortoise shell glue(Gui Jia Jiao,龟甲胶).展开更多
A new general way for researching the Hawking effect in the spheri-cally symmetric or the plane-symmetric non-static space-times is proposed.The theoreticalfoundation of this way is laid.The Klein-Gordon equation must...A new general way for researching the Hawking effect in the spheri-cally symmetric or the plane-symmetric non-static space-times is proposed.The theoreticalfoundation of this way is laid.The Klein-Gordon equation must be reduced to the stand-ard form of wave equation near an event horizon when a generalized tortoise coordinateis adopted.Then,both the Hawking radiation temperature and the equation determining thelocation of the event horizon are obtained automatically.When the radiation is weak,thefirst approximation of our result is the same as the approximate result obtained with theradiation back-reaction method.展开更多
This paper states the geographic environment and brief history of Ganzhou City, specially discussing the idea of YANG Junsong, the Master of Feng Shui, who planned and built Ganzhou City in the shape of tortoise and i...This paper states the geographic environment and brief history of Ganzhou City, specially discussing the idea of YANG Junsong, the Master of Feng Shui, who planned and built Ganzhou City in the shape of tortoise and its cultural connotation. It analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of its site selection, and discusses the urban flood and flood control. It also expounds the history of urban planning and construction. Ganzhou City is regarded as an example and a book of city planning and construction in ancient China in terms of the masters' selection of the site and construction of the city, the city walls with functions of military defense and flood control, and the urban canal system of Fushougou against water-logging, the historical streets and lanes, the cultural relics, landscapes, etc., which not only make Ganzhou City the birthplace of first urban scenic spots and splendid historical culture, but also embodies the great wisdom of ancient Chinese. Three masters, YANG Junsong, KONG Zonghan, and LIU Yi, are heroes in the history of urban construction of Ganzhou.展开更多
Using a new tortoise coordinate transformation, this paper investigates the Hawking effect from an arbitrarily accelerating charged black hole by the improved Damour-Ruffini method. After the tortoise coordinate trans...Using a new tortoise coordinate transformation, this paper investigates the Hawking effect from an arbitrarily accelerating charged black hole by the improved Damour-Ruffini method. After the tortoise coordinate transformation, the Klein-Gordon equation can be written as the standard form at the event horizon. Then extending the outgoing wave from outside to inside of the horizon analytically, the surface gravity and Hawking temperature can be obtained automatically. It is found that the Hawking temperatures of different points on the surface are different. The quantum nonthermal radiation characteristics of a black hole near the event horizon is also discussed by studying the Hamilton-Jacobi equation in curved spacetime and the maximum overlap of the positive and negative energy levels near the event horizon is given. There is a dimensional problem in the standard tortoise coordinate and the present results may be more reasonable.展开更多
目的应用脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulsed field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)技术对乌龟引起幼儿鼠伤寒沙门菌感染的溯源调查。方法对一例多次检测鼠伤寒沙门菌阳性的病例采集粪便标本以及接触过的乌龟外表涂抹样本进行脉冲场凝胶电泳、血清分型...目的应用脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulsed field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)技术对乌龟引起幼儿鼠伤寒沙门菌感染的溯源调查。方法对一例多次检测鼠伤寒沙门菌阳性的病例采集粪便标本以及接触过的乌龟外表涂抹样本进行脉冲场凝胶电泳、血清分型、耐药性分析。结果 4株菌株的XbaI酶切图谱与BlnI酶切图谱100%一致,表明乌龟身上携带的鼠伤寒沙门菌是患儿周某感染的源头。结论龟源性沙门氏菌感染应引起重视,应用PFGE技术开展食源性疾病溯源调查值得推广。展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No 10347008）.
文摘By introducing a new tortoise coordinate transformation, we investigate the quantum thermal and non-thermal radiations of a non-stationary Kerr-Newman-de Sitter black hole. The accurate location and radiate temperature of the event horizon as well as the maximum energy of the non-thermal radiation are derived. It is shown that the radiate temperature and the maximum energy are related to not only the evaporation rate, but also the shape of the event horizon, moreover the maximum energy depends on the electromagnetic potential. Finally, we use the results to reduce the non-stationary Kerr-Newman black hole, the non-stationary Kerr black hole, the stationary Kerr-Newman-de Sitter black hole, and the static Schwarzshild black hole.
基金supported by the Shanxi Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 2006011012)the Doctoral Scientific Research Starting Foundation of Shanxi Datong University, China
文摘This study extends the classical Damour-Ruffini method and discusses Hawking radiation in a (n + 4)-dimensional rotating black hole. Under the condition that the total energy and angular momentum of spacetime are conservative, but angular momentum a = J/M of unit mass of the black hole is variable, taking into consideration the reaction of the radiation of the particle to the spacetime, a new Tortoise coordinate transformation and discuss the black hole radiation spectrum is discussed. The radiation spectrum that satisfies the unitary principle in the general case is derived.
文摘Governmental, educational, environmental and other nonprofit organizations have placed efforts on conservation action for the threatened Mojave desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii). While federal and state institutions have focused on the desert tortoise in its native habitat of the southwestern United States, there are other conservation groups whose work has been dedicated to the rescue, rehabilitation, rescue, placement and adoption of the desert tortoise in civilian homes and neighborhoods as well as sanctuaries, reserves and exhibits. AWAKE Community (AWAKE), a nonprofit organization dedicated to natural wildlife habitats and endangered species, has focused its research on desert tortoises in captivity. The California Turtle and Tortoise Club (CTTC), the official adoption arm of California’s Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW), has provided instruction on methods of care for desert tortoises raised in captivity including housing, feeding, sexing, health and hibernation for both adults and hatchlings. AWAKE’s research has been aimed at benefiting and supplementing the guidelines provided by CTTC, specifically for coastal climates. AWAKE’s research has also aimed to provide insight to be considered for expanding adoption possibilities to other locations, specifically tropical climates, as adoption needs for desert tortoises have increased. This manuscript presents an analysis of one coastal and one tropical climate that can serve as a basis for: 1) understanding and evaluating climate in both existing and potential habitats for desert tortoise adoptions, rescues and exhibits, 2) providing insight and special instruction for desert tortoise adoptions in coastal communities, and 3) expanding awareness around desert tortoise needs in captivity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41807011 and 41907012)the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund(No.2452022335)the Open Fund for Key Lab.of Ecological Study of Ningxia University,China(No.LDER2022Z01)。
文摘Zokors are common subterranean rodents that inhabit agricultural fields, shrublands, and grasslands in the arid and semi-arid regions of China. Zokor burrowing activities can alter soil structure and affect soil hydrological processes;however, there are few studies regarding their effects on soil preferential flow in the Mu Us sandy land. An evaluation of the effects of zokor disturbance on their habitat and soil water is important for understanding the ecological role of zokors in the soil ecosystem of the Mu Us sandy land. A field dye-tracing experiment was conducted in the Gechougou watershed on the southeastern edge of the Mu Us sandy land to investigate the effect of zokor burrowing activity on soil preferential flow characteristics. Our results showed that the density of zokor tunnels was the highest(0.40–0.46 m m^(-2)) under 30%–50% vegetation coverage and that the tunnels were approximately 3 cm from the surface.Both stained area ratio and stained path number were higher at sites with zokors than without zokors. Stained path widths were 10–80 and > 80 mm at zokor-harboring sites exhibiting homogeneous flow and heterogeneous finger flow, respectively. In the absence of zokors, homogeneous flow and highly interacted macropore flow were predominant. Soil water content below the zokor tunnels was higher than that above the tunnels. Moderate disturbance of soil structure by zokor activity facilitated soil water infiltration. These results enabled a better understanding of the effect of soil fauna on soil structure and hydrological processes and provided recommendations for ecological construction and renovation in arid and semi-arid regions.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘The dynamical properties of charged Dirac spinor particles in the Vaidya-Bonner space-time are investigated. The asymptotic solution to the radial part of the charged Dirac equation near the event horizon of the black hole is obtained. The Hawking temperature and the event horizon of the charged evaporating black hole, as well as the spectrum of the Hawking radiation of the Dirac particles, are exactly shown. Thereby, a new approach to the back-reaction of radiation from the non-stationary black holes is established.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘In the process of dealing with the Hawking effect of Dirac particles in the non-stationary Kerr space-time, a new universal method to define the generalized Tortoise coordinate transformation is given. By means of this coordinate transformation, one can discuss the properties of the dynamical equation of particles near event horizons, and get automatically the temperature of Hawking radiation using the method suggested by Damour and others, and thereby dodge the difficulties in calculating the renormalised energy-momentum tensor.
基金the funding support from the Aid Program for Science and Technology Innovative Research Team in Higher Educational Institutions of Hunan Province([2010]212)Changsha City Science and Technology Project in 2015(k1501024-31)+3 种基金Key Discipline Program of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the P.R.C([2009]30)Key Discipline in Hunan Province([2011]76)Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Hunan(2017JJ3234)Key Project of Science and Technology of Hunan Province(2016SK2033)
文摘Objective This study was conducted to develop an method for identification of Trachemys scripta elegans(Ba Xi Gui,巴西龟)shell glue from Chinemys reevesii(Zhong Hua Cao Gui,中华草龟)shell glue.Methods In this research,an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-QTOF/MS)method coupled with Binary Compare tool of UNIFI software was validated to differentiate Trachemys scripta elegans(Ba Xi Gui,巴西龟)shell glue from Chinemys reevesii(Zhong Hua Cao Gui,中华草龟)shell glue.The gelatins were digested enzymatically into peptides using trypsin.The UPLC-QTOF/MS data of the trypsin digested samples was subjected to Binary Compare of UNIFI software in order to screen out the unique peptides.PEAKS■Studio software was utilized to identify the sequence of the marker peptides.Results It was found that m/z 641.3 was the marker peptide in samples of Trachemys scripta elegans(Ba Xi Gui,巴西龟)shell glue,and m/z 649.3 was the marker peptide in samples of Chinemys reevesii(Zhong Hua Cao Gui,中华草龟)shell glue,with possible amino acid sequence of GEAGPSGPAGPTGAR and GESGPSGPAGPTGAR respectively.Conclusions The results will be helpful for the differentiating between these 2 gelatins,and it can be also used for quality control of Tortoise shell glue(Gui Jia Jiao,龟甲胶).
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘A new general way for researching the Hawking effect in the spheri-cally symmetric or the plane-symmetric non-static space-times is proposed.The theoreticalfoundation of this way is laid.The Klein-Gordon equation must be reduced to the stand-ard form of wave equation near an event horizon when a generalized tortoise coordinateis adopted.Then,both the Hawking radiation temperature and the equation determining thelocation of the event horizon are obtained automatically.When the radiation is weak,thefirst approximation of our result is the same as the approximate result obtained with theradiation back-reaction method.
基金a National Natural Science Foundation ProgramResearch of the philosophy,theory and historic experience of ancient Chinese urban planning and design.(NO.50678070)
文摘This paper states the geographic environment and brief history of Ganzhou City, specially discussing the idea of YANG Junsong, the Master of Feng Shui, who planned and built Ganzhou City in the shape of tortoise and its cultural connotation. It analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of its site selection, and discusses the urban flood and flood control. It also expounds the history of urban planning and construction. Ganzhou City is regarded as an example and a book of city planning and construction in ancient China in terms of the masters' selection of the site and construction of the city, the city walls with functions of military defense and flood control, and the urban canal system of Fushougou against water-logging, the historical streets and lanes, the cultural relics, landscapes, etc., which not only make Ganzhou City the birthplace of first urban scenic spots and splendid historical culture, but also embodies the great wisdom of ancient Chinese. Three masters, YANG Junsong, KONG Zonghan, and LIU Yi, are heroes in the history of urban construction of Ganzhou.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10873003 and 11045005)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China (Grant No. Y6090739)
文摘Using a new tortoise coordinate transformation, this paper investigates the Hawking effect from an arbitrarily accelerating charged black hole by the improved Damour-Ruffini method. After the tortoise coordinate transformation, the Klein-Gordon equation can be written as the standard form at the event horizon. Then extending the outgoing wave from outside to inside of the horizon analytically, the surface gravity and Hawking temperature can be obtained automatically. It is found that the Hawking temperatures of different points on the surface are different. The quantum nonthermal radiation characteristics of a black hole near the event horizon is also discussed by studying the Hamilton-Jacobi equation in curved spacetime and the maximum overlap of the positive and negative energy levels near the event horizon is given. There is a dimensional problem in the standard tortoise coordinate and the present results may be more reasonable.
文摘目的应用脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulsed field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)技术对乌龟引起幼儿鼠伤寒沙门菌感染的溯源调查。方法对一例多次检测鼠伤寒沙门菌阳性的病例采集粪便标本以及接触过的乌龟外表涂抹样本进行脉冲场凝胶电泳、血清分型、耐药性分析。结果 4株菌株的XbaI酶切图谱与BlnI酶切图谱100%一致,表明乌龟身上携带的鼠伤寒沙门菌是患儿周某感染的源头。结论龟源性沙门氏菌感染应引起重视,应用PFGE技术开展食源性疾病溯源调查值得推广。
