Refugee settlements face several challenges in transitioning from a temporary planning approach to more sustainable settlements. This is mainly due to an increase in the number of forcibly displaced people over the la...Refugee settlements face several challenges in transitioning from a temporary planning approach to more sustainable settlements. This is mainly due to an increase in the number of forcibly displaced people over the last few decades, and the difficulties of sustainably providing social services that meet the required standards. The development of refugee settlements assumed that forcibly displaced people would return to their places or countries of origin. Unfortunately, displacement situations are prolonged indefinitely, forcing these people to spend most of their lives in conditions that are often deplorable and substandard, and therefore unsustainable. In most cases, the establishment of refugee settlements is triggered by an emergency caused by an influx of forcibly displaced people, who need to be accommodated urgently and provided with some form of international assistance and protection. This leaves little or no time for proper planning for long-term development as required. In addition, the current approach to temporary settlement harms the environment and can strain limited resources with ad hoc development models that have exacerbated difficulties. As a result, living conditions in refugee settlements have deteriorated over the last few decades and continue to pose challenges as to how best to design, plan, and sustain settlements over time. To contribute to addressing these challenges, this study proposes a new methodology supported by Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) and a Systems Modeling Language (SysML) to develop a typical sustainable human settlement system model, which has functionally and operationally executed using a Systems Engineering (SE) approach. To assess the sustainability capacity of the proposed system, this work applies a matrix of crossed impact multiplication through a case study by conducting a system capacity interdependence analysis (SCIA) using the MICMAC methodology (Cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification) to assess the interdependency that exist be展开更多
Given the challenges facing most humanitarian operations worldwide, a change of approach is needed to ensure greater sustainability of humanitarian settlements right from the planning stage. Some studies attribute uns...Given the challenges facing most humanitarian operations worldwide, a change of approach is needed to ensure greater sustainability of humanitarian settlements right from the planning stage. Some studies attribute unsustainability to inadequate provision of basic resources and highlight the apparent bottlenecks that prevent access to the meaningful data needed to plan and remedy problems. Most operations have relied on an “ad hoc ism” approach, employing parallel and disconnected data processing methods, resulting in a wide range of data being collected without subsequent prioritization to optimize interconnections that could enhance performance. There have been little efforts to study the trade-offs potentially at stake. This work proposes a new framework enabling all subsystems to operate in a single system and focusing on data processing perspective. To achieve this, this paper proposes a Triple Nexus Framework as an attempt to integrate water, energy, and housing sector data derived from a specific sub-system within the overall system in the application of Model-Based Systems Engineering. Understanding the synergies between water, energy, and housing, Systems Engineering characterizes the triple nexus framework and identifies opportunities for improved decision-making in processing operational data from these sectors. Two scenarios illustrate how an integrated platform could be a gateway to access meaningful operational data in the system and a starting point for modeling integrated human settlement systems. Upon execution, the model is tested for nexus megadata processing, and the optimization simulation yielded 67% satisfactory results, demonstrating that an integrated system could improve sustainability, and that capacity building in service delivery is more than beneficial.展开更多
针对传统的民机研制方法中面临的设计需求不完整、难以保证设计与需求一致性、设计方案难以更改等一系列问题,结合美国国防部架构框架(Department of Defense Architecture Framework,DoDAF)的多个视角,提出基于DoDAF的民机基于模型的...针对传统的民机研制方法中面临的设计需求不完整、难以保证设计与需求一致性、设计方案难以更改等一系列问题,结合美国国防部架构框架(Department of Defense Architecture Framework,DoDAF)的多个视角,提出基于DoDAF的民机基于模型的系统工程研制方法。该方法参考DoDAF中不同的视点从多角度对民机研制要求进行分解与细化,生成资源流动模型、活动模型以及系统接口模型等,开发出信息更加立体的飞机能力模型,指导民用飞机的设计,证明了基于DoDAF的民机研制方法能够从多视角的角度完整、全面地分解飞机能力要求,并将其转化为具体的设计要求,从而更好地指导民机研制,提高民机研制效率。展开更多
飞行器管理系统的传感器具有种类繁多、易受环境因素干扰、冗余设计等特点。而以往系统的传感器建模过程中,主要依靠简单的数学公式模拟部件的主要特性,忽略了绝大部分的真实细节,无法高度还原系统特性。基于模型的系统工程(Model Based...飞行器管理系统的传感器具有种类繁多、易受环境因素干扰、冗余设计等特点。而以往系统的传感器建模过程中,主要依靠简单的数学公式模拟部件的主要特性,忽略了绝大部分的真实细节,无法高度还原系统特性。基于模型的系统工程(Model Based System Engineering, MBSE)思想,提出一种高度还原飞行器管理系统传感器特性的建模方法,并给出建模步骤。利用系统建模语言(Systems Modeling Language, SysML)的各类图形,对系统传感器的物理特征、不同工作状态以及余度设计等特点建立模型;并基于Simulink建立传感器的连续动态行为模型;最后,通过联合仿真对整体模型进行验证。结果表明,上述方法实现了对系统传感器真实物理特性的全面描述,提高了传感器模型的仿真度。展开更多
针对传统文本模式存在的需求域与设计域之间信息离散、关联性差、不易追溯等问题,采用基于模型的系统工程(model-based systems engineering,MBSE)方法开展载人登月系统设计。引入美国国防部架构框架(Department of Defense Architectur...针对传统文本模式存在的需求域与设计域之间信息离散、关联性差、不易追溯等问题,采用基于模型的系统工程(model-based systems engineering,MBSE)方法开展载人登月系统设计。引入美国国防部架构框架(Department of Defense Architecture Framework,DoDAF),提出载人登月总体设计体系结构可执行模型的流程和方法;采用系统建模语言(system modeling language,SysML)建立了视图模型,描述了系统架构、需求模型和逻辑接口。并开展了初步逻辑仿真验证,可为载人登月系统设计和MBSE方法应用提供参考。展开更多
文摘Refugee settlements face several challenges in transitioning from a temporary planning approach to more sustainable settlements. This is mainly due to an increase in the number of forcibly displaced people over the last few decades, and the difficulties of sustainably providing social services that meet the required standards. The development of refugee settlements assumed that forcibly displaced people would return to their places or countries of origin. Unfortunately, displacement situations are prolonged indefinitely, forcing these people to spend most of their lives in conditions that are often deplorable and substandard, and therefore unsustainable. In most cases, the establishment of refugee settlements is triggered by an emergency caused by an influx of forcibly displaced people, who need to be accommodated urgently and provided with some form of international assistance and protection. This leaves little or no time for proper planning for long-term development as required. In addition, the current approach to temporary settlement harms the environment and can strain limited resources with ad hoc development models that have exacerbated difficulties. As a result, living conditions in refugee settlements have deteriorated over the last few decades and continue to pose challenges as to how best to design, plan, and sustain settlements over time. To contribute to addressing these challenges, this study proposes a new methodology supported by Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) and a Systems Modeling Language (SysML) to develop a typical sustainable human settlement system model, which has functionally and operationally executed using a Systems Engineering (SE) approach. To assess the sustainability capacity of the proposed system, this work applies a matrix of crossed impact multiplication through a case study by conducting a system capacity interdependence analysis (SCIA) using the MICMAC methodology (Cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification) to assess the interdependency that exist be
文摘Given the challenges facing most humanitarian operations worldwide, a change of approach is needed to ensure greater sustainability of humanitarian settlements right from the planning stage. Some studies attribute unsustainability to inadequate provision of basic resources and highlight the apparent bottlenecks that prevent access to the meaningful data needed to plan and remedy problems. Most operations have relied on an “ad hoc ism” approach, employing parallel and disconnected data processing methods, resulting in a wide range of data being collected without subsequent prioritization to optimize interconnections that could enhance performance. There have been little efforts to study the trade-offs potentially at stake. This work proposes a new framework enabling all subsystems to operate in a single system and focusing on data processing perspective. To achieve this, this paper proposes a Triple Nexus Framework as an attempt to integrate water, energy, and housing sector data derived from a specific sub-system within the overall system in the application of Model-Based Systems Engineering. Understanding the synergies between water, energy, and housing, Systems Engineering characterizes the triple nexus framework and identifies opportunities for improved decision-making in processing operational data from these sectors. Two scenarios illustrate how an integrated platform could be a gateway to access meaningful operational data in the system and a starting point for modeling integrated human settlement systems. Upon execution, the model is tested for nexus megadata processing, and the optimization simulation yielded 67% satisfactory results, demonstrating that an integrated system could improve sustainability, and that capacity building in service delivery is more than beneficial.
文摘针对传统的民机研制方法中面临的设计需求不完整、难以保证设计与需求一致性、设计方案难以更改等一系列问题,结合美国国防部架构框架(Department of Defense Architecture Framework,DoDAF)的多个视角,提出基于DoDAF的民机基于模型的系统工程研制方法。该方法参考DoDAF中不同的视点从多角度对民机研制要求进行分解与细化,生成资源流动模型、活动模型以及系统接口模型等,开发出信息更加立体的飞机能力模型,指导民用飞机的设计,证明了基于DoDAF的民机研制方法能够从多视角的角度完整、全面地分解飞机能力要求,并将其转化为具体的设计要求,从而更好地指导民机研制,提高民机研制效率。
文摘飞行器管理系统的传感器具有种类繁多、易受环境因素干扰、冗余设计等特点。而以往系统的传感器建模过程中,主要依靠简单的数学公式模拟部件的主要特性,忽略了绝大部分的真实细节,无法高度还原系统特性。基于模型的系统工程(Model Based System Engineering, MBSE)思想,提出一种高度还原飞行器管理系统传感器特性的建模方法,并给出建模步骤。利用系统建模语言(Systems Modeling Language, SysML)的各类图形,对系统传感器的物理特征、不同工作状态以及余度设计等特点建立模型;并基于Simulink建立传感器的连续动态行为模型;最后,通过联合仿真对整体模型进行验证。结果表明,上述方法实现了对系统传感器真实物理特性的全面描述,提高了传感器模型的仿真度。
文摘针对传统文本模式存在的需求域与设计域之间信息离散、关联性差、不易追溯等问题,采用基于模型的系统工程(model-based systems engineering,MBSE)方法开展载人登月系统设计。引入美国国防部架构框架(Department of Defense Architecture Framework,DoDAF),提出载人登月总体设计体系结构可执行模型的流程和方法;采用系统建模语言(system modeling language,SysML)建立了视图模型,描述了系统架构、需求模型和逻辑接口。并开展了初步逻辑仿真验证,可为载人登月系统设计和MBSE方法应用提供参考。
